病人

Objective To compare the effect and safety on senility patient operated in coxa with different anaesthesia in vertebra tube, and discuss aptitude anaesthesia method to senility patient operated in coxa.

目的比较三种椎管内麻醉方法用于高龄病人髋部手术的麻醉效果和安全性，探讨适合高龄病人髋部手术的椎管内麻醉方式。

If you suspect a problem, cup your hand over the patient's shoulders and feel for crepitus as the patient repeats the movements.

如果你怀疑病人有病症，可以把双手置于病人肩膀处让其重复上述动作，以此感知肩部的情况。

Thromboembolic complications occur 4 times more frequently in patients with Cushing's syndrome and contribute to increased mortality.

患有库兴氏症的病人，其血小板栓塞并发症的发生往往高於平常人的四倍，而容易导致病人的死亡。

The quality of interior environment in nursing home residents will become one of the attention-getting subjects due to the gradual increase of aging populations This paper directs at the research of nursing home's interior environment factors in Tainan We use the standard of international practice to analyze the intrinsical data of environmental monitoring and establish the characteristics which from environmental physical reaction of nursing home The research items are air environments (PM10 CO CO2 formaldehyde TVOC) temperate environments and light environment (illumination average brightness daylight factor) etc There are the inductive conclusions of this research: 1 In basic medicine the clinical diagnosis means the theory and technique about physical examination with patients The definition of clinical diagnosis in architecture should be the diagnosis of building preserve and improve the feasible way to extend building's service life and assure the residents of the healthy quality of interior environment The object of clinical diagnosis in architecture is not only to ensure the use of structure and environment quality but also keep the structure and environment quality in sustainable; therefore creating an efficient system of preserving plan is needed 2 It is an accurate and technical circumstance which about improving remedying and reconstructing the problems of structure space This circumstance includes finding questions ensuring causation ascertaining ultimate strength evaluating environment quality estimating the necessary of restoration and implementing on a suitable way Furthermore when reconstructing and ameliorating the appearance of structure space it should be respected and the memories of it should be preserved 3 In clinical diagnosis of environment quality of space the question of physical environment and the deficiencies of structure must be separated The structure space of construction and the high quality of space should be inspected strictly then observed the crucial reason that can find out any invisible and hidden causes The diagnosis of construction is to observe the reason of destroyed structure The environmental diagnosis of indoor and outdoor is to find out the crucial reason that influences health 4 In order to decrease the iterant problems the construction and environment of space should be diagnosed However the destruction by natural strength and artificial using by human are important causes that can affect the service life of construction Searching the cause of disease just like curing the patient which includes inspection diagnosis cure and prevention We tested the thermal conductivity of siding material in this research and then found out the roof east vertical face and west vertical face have most radiant heat especially the construction of RC The characteristics of opaquely outer casing have relations with the thermal conductivity of wall to wiz the ability of heat insulation Therefore increasing the efficiency of heat insulation and decreasing the endoergic factor of insolation are very important to temperate environments

而随著国内老年人人口逐渐增加，逐渐迈向高龄化之同时，对於高龄者使用空间之室内环境品质相关议题之探讨，亦成为未来我们需加以关注之议题之一。主要为针对台南某安养中心室内环境因子进行检测调查工作，利用现场室内环境测定以取得有效的实测数据；再藉由汇整相关国际评估基准，并进行实测数据比对分析，建立老人安养中心对物理环境反应之特性。并以前期相关研究文献回顾与老人安养中心实测案例现场的实验，来了解不同空间物理环境特性之影响，并将结果回馈实际建筑及室内设计之用。调查工作项目包含：空气环境之PM10、CO、CO2、甲醛、TVOC；温热环境之室内温度、相对湿度、人体PMV、PPD；光环境之照度、均齐度、昼光率等因子调查。本研究结果可归纳以下几点结论： 1 所谓临床诊断医学乃相对於基础医学而言，是指实际与病人接触的医疗及护理行为中牵涉到的理论和技术；而建筑的临床诊断的定义应为建筑本体与室内外诊断、维护及改善所有可行的方式来延长建筑物的寿命，并确保人与室内环境空间品质的健康。建筑临床诊断目的为确保结构体与环境品质能继续使用，而能维持所需要的效能及承受能力。一个有效的维护计画体系是必须建立的 2 在建筑空间之问题改善、治疗与修复执行中，是一个精确与技术性的事项，其中包含找出问题、确定原因、评估结构应力强度、评估环境品质、评估修复与改善必要性、选择及执行一个适当的过程。其改善与修复也必须尊重建筑空间原有色彩与形貌，并保留原有记忆及文化。 3 在临床诊断中空间环境品质中，物理性环境问题与结构构件缺陷必须分别判断，诊断建筑空间之结构与空间舒适品质必须详细观察其症结性问题，才能发现任何隐藏及有潜伏性缺陷的原因。建筑本体诊断是观察出建筑本体之破坏原因，而是内外空间环境诊断目的在於的找出影响健康因素之症结性问题。 4 建筑本体与空间环境之预防评估目的为降低与抑制问题的再发生。然而，自然力的破坏与人为使用因素皆是影响建筑生命期之主要因素，找出病源问题就如同医生对病人的处理，包含了侦查、诊断、治疗以及预防。 5 本研究以外墙材料热传导率测试结果发现，屋面与东西向立面是承受辐射热最多的地方，尤以 RC 的建筑更甚，不透明部分的外壳能特性主要与壁体的热传透率即隔热能力有关，但是承受来自日射的吸热影响，因此增加隔热性能与降低日射吸热因子是对温热环境是非常重要的。

Image-guided catheter drainage can be an adjunctive tool for treating selected patients, although most complicated cases of posttraumatic empyema thoracis require decortication therapy.

虽然文献报告大部分出现创伤后脓胸的病人都需要外科治疗，我们的经验提供，影像定位引流术在筛选过的病人可作为第一线辅助治疗方法。

The results of this study revealed that nurses' perception of nurse role function increased, such as educator, supervisor, manager, delegator, and leader. The nursing direct activities decreased, especially in helping patient change position, taking a bath, and changing diaper. On the other hands, the nursing indirect, relative, and personal activities increased, including conducting nursing assistant about skills of health care, confirming their work, certifying their document, time of duty shift, participating meeting and continuous education.

结果显示技术混合照护模式实施后，护理人员自觉其担任教育者、督导管理者、领导者、委派者等角色功能增加；执行病人照护基本需求，例如协助病人翻身、维持身体清洁等直接护理活动减少；指导与确认辅助人员照护工作正确性与完整性、交班时间等间接护理活动增加；参与在职教育、会议等相关护理活动增加；工作压力、憋尿情形增加。

demulcent to PCEA is being used after gravid hypertension asks for patient analyse palace integratedly to produce art, it is a kind of better demulcent method, be helpful for the rehabilitation after patient art.

结论对妊娠高血压综合征病人剖宫产术后采用PCEA镇痛，是一种比较理想的镇痛方法，有利于病人术后康复。

Results 206 example patients after the stomach big excision method, including 28 people to have the complication, the complication distribution are as follows: Falls the syndrome 5 casses; The duodenum remnant end bursts 4 casses; After ulcer recrudescence, the stomach evacuation barrier, the technique obstruct, the denutrition each 3 casses; After the technique bleeds, remnant stomach cancer each 2 casses; The alkalinity returns flows gastritis, the diarrhea, lips heal fistula each 1 example.206 example patients carry on the technique effect evaluation after the Visk graduation standard, among Ⅰ Level 80 casses,Ⅱ Level 102 casses;Ⅲ Level 14 casses;Ⅳ Level 10 casses.

手术人员一方面必须非常熟悉胃十二指肠及其临近器官的正常解剖结构，并在此理论基础指导下进行手术，另一方面还必须具备扎实过硬的操作和对病人高度负责的职业态度，这样才可能尽量避免术中邻近脏器的损伤和线结被剪断，术后缝线脱落，以及减少出血等情况的发生。在施行胃大部切除术时，对切除胃的范围还没有一个精确的定量手段，只能根据临床经验进行掌握。胃切除过多，术后会导致病人胃肠功能不足，出现营养不良，甚至可以出现粒细胞减少而引起腹泻。切除胃过少又可能达不到治疗目的，出现原发病的复发，如溃疡复发，残胃癌等。

From the deontology, we can see the informed consent given to patients and subjects shows the respect for autonomy and person. From the teleology, the purpose of informed consent is to protect and promote the health of patients and subjects, which constitute their happiness.

从义务论上看，对病人或受试者实施知情同意是尊重其自主性、尊重人的表现，是医生或生物医学研究者应该履行的道德义务；从目的论上看，实施知情同意的目的是保护和促进病人或受试者的健康，健康作为善是他们的幸福所在。

Duringsurgery, all the women were totally pain free but we noted thatthe level of block to TES was variable: in 30% of women, TEScould be felt at the T10 dermatome or more caudally.

这些病人在手术过程中均不感到疼痛，但是对 TES 感觉阻滞的水平有差异，30％的病人能感知 T10及以下水平的 TES 刺激。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐