疫苗的

City educated Felix Frankfurter, a pivotal figure on the Supreme Court (class of 1902), Ira Gershwin (1918), Jonas Salk, the inventor of the polio vaccine (1934) and Robert Kahn, an architect of the internet (1960). A left-wing place in the 1930s and 1940s, City spawned many of the neo-conservative intellectuals who would later swing to the right, such as Irving Kristol (class of 1940, extra-curricular activity: anti-war club), Daniel Bell and Nathan Glazer.

城市大学还培养出了最高法院的关键人物费利克斯法兰克福(1902 届)，埃拉格什温(1918 届)，天花疫苗发明者乔纳斯索尔克(1934 届)以及互联网设计者罗伯特卡恩(1960 届)等人。20 世纪三，四十年代，城市大学作为左翼分子活动区，城市大学孕育了许多新保守主义知识分子，他们后来都转向了右翼，比如欧文克里斯托(1940 届，校外活动积极分子，参加过反战俱乐部)，丹尼尔贝尔和内森格雷泽。

It was the first of a series of vaccines and he's quite fine.

这是一个系列的第一个疫苗，他相当好。

To observe the therapeutic effect of dust acarid allergic vaccine NHD on patients with perennial allergic rhinitis.

目的 观察标准化尘螨变应原疫苗治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的临床疗效，并讨论其免疫学机制。

Materials and 64 dust acarid allergic rhinitis outpatients were randomly divided into 2 groups, 31 patients in the control group were treated with general immunotherapy, 33 patients in the trial group were treated with NHD, the serum level of IL-4, IL-5 was detected by ELISA.

常年性变应性鼻炎患者64例，随机分为常规免疫治疗组31例，标准化尘满变应原疫苗治疗组33例，比较两组患者在接受免疫治疗后的疗效及血清IL-4、IL-5水平。

They claim to have found "a viral Achilles' heel" that could lead to the development of a flu vaccine.

他们说发现了"病毒的一个致命弱点"，从而可以开发出一种禽流感疫苗。

Prevention of Hepatitis B 预防乙肝 The use of passive and active immunity to reduce the risk of vertical transmission of hepatitis B is well accepted in clinical practice.

出生时刻注射乙肝免疫球蛋白，联合3针重组乙肝疫苗（出生6个月中），被证明有95%的效能阻止垂直感染发生。

We used Aeromonas hydrophila which we separated from the diseased Paralichthys olivaceus to made a inactivated whole cell bacterin .We injected this vaccine in the mice and the Paralichthys olivaceus .Both the mice and the Paralichthys olivaceus gained a good protection of 80% and 70%.The fish with dipping immersion gained a good protection of 85%,and the incidence of disease was 6%.We detected the antibody level in the antiserum by agglutination reaction and indirect ELISA which seemed to be immunogenic crucially.We anatomized the mice then we found that all the purtenance of the immunzied mice are healty.All of this proved that the vaccine is effective.

本实验将所分离到的嗜水气单胞菌用终浓度为0.2%~0.5%的甲醛对菌体进行灭活，制备了灭活疫苗，并优化灭活疫苗的灭活条件；将制备的灭活疫苗分别注射小鼠和牙鲆，均取得了较为理想的效果，其中小鼠的免疫保护率达到80%，牙鲆的免疫保护率达到70%；采用渗透压差法大规模浸泡免疫牙鲆也取得了很好的效果，浸泡免疫过的牙鲆发病率仅为6%，攻毒后免疫保护率为85%；通过应用间接ELISA方法检测受免动物的抗血清，并将牙鲆的抗血清注射新西兰白兔，从而获得兔抗鱼血清，更便于检测，结果都表明动物体内产生了较高的抗体水平；剖检攻毒后的动物，发现免疫过的动物内脏健康无异样，表明该疫苗安全有效，从而为防治牙鲆腹水症开辟了一条新途径，也为进一步制备其基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。

Yesterday, I saw a report , nearly a hundred children died for injecting high temperature vaccine, funny thing about that is all the vaccine once be tested qualified by the authorities, I think all these conscienceless guys should go down to hell, they have fun with other's life, only people suffer from the distress of false goods can they know how hateful this forgery is, failure monitoring of government case such behavior, so , May be I am not moral, I hope all the things the monitoring government buy are false, such as articles for daily use ,they should become the victim of their own evil deeds.

我昨天看到一篇报到，近100个儿童因为注射高温疫苗而导致死亡，更可笑的是，这些疫苗已经被官方机构检验为合格，我认为这些丧尽天良的人应该下地狱，在拿别人的生命开玩笑，只有人遭受到假货的痛苦后才会明白造假行为是多么的可恶，我好像是有点不道德，我希望监督部门家中买的东西都是假的，他们应该尝尝自己不负责任行为所造成的后果。

There is still high incidence of hepatitis A in the developping country. The wide-spread use of HAV live attenuated vaccine and inactive vaccine has provided efficient ways for controlling the epidemic of heptatitis A. while, some people got hepatitis A after injecting vaccines. In order to distinguish the viral capsid could result from hepatitis A vaccines or from natural infection, the identification of the virus strains is necessary. In 1975, KO|¨hler and Milstein have developped hybridoma technique for producting monoclonal antibody.

甲型肝炎在发展中国家多年来都有不同程度的流行，甲肝减毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗的使用，为甲肝的预防提供了可靠的手段，但偶有在接种疫苗后发生甲型肝炎的案例，这就需要对患者所感染的病原体进行鉴别，以明确患者发病的原因是接种疫苗引发还是甲肝野毒株感染导致的偶合病例。1975年KOhler和Milstein建立了杂交瘤技术制备了单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody；McAb)。

By use of site mutation strategy and PCR technology, we obtained the gene P12X3C that includes full length P1, 2A, 3C and a part of 2B and 3B and the gene P12X3C3D that includes full length P1, 2A, 3C, 3D and a part of 2B and 3B. After being digested by restriction enzyme respectively, the gene P12X3C and the gene P12X3C3D were cloned into the pcDNA3. 1 and pTARGET expression vector that were digested by the same enzyme. Recombinant plasmids were checked by restriction enzyme analysis and nucleic acid sequencing. Further more, recombinant plasmids were transfected into BHK-21 cells by using lipoid. The proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus , which were expressed in BHK-21 cells, were confirmed by sandwich-ELISA and fluoroscopy, and the capsid of FMDV was tested by electron microscope. In order to evaluate enhanced immune response of guinea pigs against FMDV, DNA vaccines which were designed to produce viral capsids lacking infectious viral nucleic acid and contained the gene P12X3C and the gene P12X3C3D were injected respectively with FMDV 3D protein which was expressed in Pichia Pastoris Secreted expression System and purified or with pcDNA3. 1/IFN which includes the gene IFN-α of cattle. Subsequently, Recombinant plasmids were injected to cattles with or without pcDNA3. 1/IFN. Anti-FMDV antibodies were detected by ELISA, and the T lymphocyte proliferation response was tested by MTT assay, neutralization antibodies titers were analyzed by micro-neutralization assay.

为研制带有O型口蹄疫病毒(Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus，FMDV)China99株结构蛋白基因及多个非结构蛋白基因的DNA疫苗，本研究通过定点突变方法和PCR扩增方法，获得包含有FMDV China99株结构蛋白P1、非结构蛋白2A、3C以及部分2B、3B编码基因的片段P12X3C和包含有FMDV China99株结构蛋白P1、非结构蛋白2A、3C、3D以及部分2B、3B编码基因的片段P12X3C3D，将获得的基因片段直接/酶切后与同样处理的真核表达质粒连接，分别得到重组质粒pcDNA3.1/P12X3C和pcDNA3.1/P12X3C3D、pTARGET/P12X3C3D；对重组质粒进行序列测定、分析，并将重组质粒分别转染BHK-21细胞，通过双抗体夹心ELISA方法和间接免疫荧光标记方法检测细胞中FMDV抗原的表达，用电子显微镜观察病毒空衣壳的组装；为评价重组质粒作为DNA疫苗对实验动物及本动物的免疫效果，将重组质粒经肌肉注射方法接种豚鼠，并与酵母表达的纯化FMDV China99株3D蛋白及带有牛α干扰素的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/IFN分别/同时免疫，第二次免疫后第三周豚鼠攻以1OOID〓或1000ID〓的O型FMDV China99株；随后将质粒pcDNA3.1/P12X3C、pcDNA3.1/P12X3C3D与带有牛α干扰素的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/IFN同时免疫牛，三周后经牛舌皮攻以10〓ID〓的O型FMDV China99株。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。