疫苗

In 1987, 66 victims of the Japanese pertussis vaccine won huge awards from their government.

在1987年，66名日本百日咳疫苗的受害者从政府获得了巨大的赔偿。

Scientists also developed an indirect test to determine the efficacy and safety of the pertussis vaccine.

科学家还改良了一种间接的测试来确定百日咳疫苗的有效性和安全性。

Susceptibility to pertussis 12 years after full vaccination may be as high as 95 percent.

在全面接种疫苗12年后，对于百日咳的易感性也许高达95%。

In 1981, Japan began giving their children a new "acellular" pertussis vaccine.

1981年，日本开始给他们的孩子接种一种新的"非细胞"百日咳疫苗。

Pertussis is one of the leading causes of vaccine-preventable deaths world-wide.

百日咳是世上疫苗可防性的致死主要病因之一。

Most infants receive a pertussis vaccine, but its effectiveness subsides after about 10 years.

大多数婴儿会接受百日咳疫苗的接种，但是在十年后效果会降低。

The United States never conducted its own clinical tests to determine whether the pertussis vaccine is safe and effective.

美国从来都没有进行临床试验来决定百日咳疫苗是否安全有效。

In the U.S., pertussis shots are began at two months, and are continued throughout the infant's early, and high risk, months.

在美国，百日咳疫苗注射在小孩两个月大就开始了，并且在婴儿的早期以及高风险的月份里一直使用。

However, in 1975, a few years before the new pertussis vaccine was introduced in Japan, authorities raised the age of vaccination to two years.

然而，在新的百日咳疫苗在日本使用前几年的1975年，权威机构将接种的年龄提到了两岁。

A vaccine against pertussis has been available since 1936 (and was put into general use during the 1940s).

自从1936年来，一种预防百日咳的疫苗发明了(并在1940年代投入广泛的使用)。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。