疫苗

DNA vaccine is one sort of new vaccine and developed from 1990. It consists of proper plasmid vector and one piece of gene encoding special antigen.

DNA疫苗具有免疫持续时间长、制备、携带方便、廉价等优点，它在免疫避孕方面的应用促进了避孕疫苗的发展。

The development of the DISC vaccine has been refocused towards its use as a prophylactic vaccine.

圆盘疫苗的发展被重新聚焦往它的用途作为预防疾病的疫苗。

His experiments supported the germ theory of disease also reducing mortality from puerperal fever and he created the first vaccine for rabies. He was best known to the general public for inventing a method to stop milk and wine from causing sickness - this process came to be called pasteurization.

他提出了以微生物代谢活动为基础的发酵本质新理论，发明了沿用至今的巴氏消毒法，成功地拯救了法国处于困境中的酿酒业、养蚕业和畜牧业；他发现传染病的微菌在特别的培养之下可以减轻毒力，从而发明了鸡霍乱疫苗、狂犬病疫苗，建立起了细菌理论。

We used Aeromonas hydrophila which we separated from the diseased Paralichthys olivaceus to made a inactivated whole cell bacterin .We injected this vaccine in the mice and the Paralichthys olivaceus .Both the mice and the Paralichthys olivaceus gained a good protection of 80% and 70%.The fish with dipping immersion gained a good protection of 85%,and the incidence of disease was 6%.We detected the antibody level in the antiserum by agglutination reaction and indirect ELISA which seemed to be immunogenic crucially.We anatomized the mice then we found that all the purtenance of the immunzied mice are healty.All of this proved that the vaccine is effective.

本实验将所分离到的嗜水气单胞菌用终浓度为0.2%~0.5%的甲醛对菌体进行灭活，制备了灭活疫苗，并优化灭活疫苗的灭活条件；将制备的灭活疫苗分别注射小鼠和牙鲆，均取得了较为理想的效果，其中小鼠的免疫保护率达到80%，牙鲆的免疫保护率达到70%；采用渗透压差法大规模浸泡免疫牙鲆也取得了很好的效果，浸泡免疫过的牙鲆发病率仅为6%，攻毒后免疫保护率为85%；通过应用间接ELISA方法检测受免动物的抗血清，并将牙鲆的抗血清注射新西兰白兔，从而获得兔抗鱼血清，更便于检测，结果都表明动物体内产生了较高的抗体水平；剖检攻毒后的动物，发现免疫过的动物内脏健康无异样，表明该疫苗安全有效，从而为防治牙鲆腹水症开辟了一条新途径，也为进一步制备其基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。

Therefore, the progress of HIV infection, purulent infection increase, and the influenza A virus vaccine and the hepatitis B vaccine to reduce the antibody response.

因此，在HIV感染进展时，化脓性感染增加，而对流感A病毒疫苗和乙肝疫苗的抗体反应降低。

Merck, the developer of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, funded this clinical trial, employs 10 of its authors, and has financial arrangements with several other authors.

Villa表示，将HPV第6及第11型病毒囊括在疫苗内，可以去除生殖器疣的发生率；在未完全实施子宫颈癌筛检的开发中国家，一种通用的HPV疫苗应该可以根本的降低这些疾病。

Fewer than half of some 1100 surveyed primary care physicians in Texas said they follow current vaccination recommendations to vaccinate adolescent girls with the approved quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine.

在德克萨斯州，参与调查研究的1100名初级保健医师中不到半数认为目前的疫苗接种指引是合理的，推荐青春期女性预防性使用四价的人乳头瘤病毒疫苗。

Prophylactic administration of quadrivalent HPV vaccine was effective in preventing high-grade vulval and vaginal lesions associated with HPV16 or HPV18 infection in women who were naive to these types before vaccination.

解释：预防性注射四价体HPV疫苗能有效防护女性在接种疫苗前初次感染HPV16 或 HPV18发生病毒相关性高分级的外阴和阴道损伤。

To sum up, your son, if long-term exposure to hepatitis B virus carriers, then there is likely to be infected, it is best resow a hepatitis B vaccine or a blood genetically engineered vaccine, about 50% of the opportunities that arise, an effective immune .

综上所述，您宝宝如果长期接触乙肝病毒携带者的话还是有可能被传染的，最好是补种一次乙肝血源疫苗或一次基因工程疫苗，约有50%的机会出现有效免疫。

Revaccination of patients who were vaccinated with the affected lots is not necessary.

已接种上述批次疫苗的患者没有必要再次接种疫苗。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。