疏散

It defines the Bulk Lane Demand as the ratio of population to exit capacity that is adversative to the meaning of accessibility.

用于区域疏散风险评价的临界簇模型(Critical Cluster Model，CCM)将需要疏散的人口与由此产生的对道路容量的需求相结合，通过对道路网进行全局优化，确定具有较高疏散困难度的区域。

The Critical Cluster Model is a network optimization model that can be used to identify neighborhoods facing transportation difficulties during an evacuation process. It defines the Bulk Lane Demand as the ratio of population to exit capacity that is adversative to the meaning of accessibility.

用于区域疏散风险评价的临界簇模型(Critical Cluster Model，CCM)将需要疏散的人口与由此产生的对道路容量的需求相结合，通过对道路网进行全局优化，确定具有较高疏散困难度的区域。

This method is convenient to calculate evacuation reliability when performance function of evacuation is complex and difficult to get differential coefficient.

我国目前的人员安全疏散评估大多应用"ASET—RSET≥0"的疏散准则[2]，其中ASET和RSET分别通过火灾动力学模型和人员疏散模型

In this paper the author puts forward a proposal that is to design a new kind of evacuation indicatory sign which can be identified by tactile sensation as a supplementary measure for the current system ,with the new design we can not only improve the reliability of the system but also afford convenience for the people whose vision arent good.

基于上述因素，本文提出增设一种依赖触觉的触摸型疏散指示标志，它作为现有疏散指示标志系统的一种辅助措施，不但可以提高疏散指示标志系统的可靠度，而且为视残人员的安全疏散提供便利条件。

The system of evacuation indicatory signs plays a key role during peoples safety evacuation in building fire.with the help of these direction signs,We shall know the right evacuation route,avoide evacuating blindly,save evacuation time,decrease the damage resulted from fire.

在建筑物火灾安全疏散过程中，疏散指示标志系统有着举足轻重的作用，它可以指引人们确定正确的疏散路线，避免盲目逃生，减少疏散时间，减少火灾事故造成的损失。

According to the most unfavorable fire scenario for safety evaeuation, the AEST can be obtained through the spread of fire and smoke spread simulation. And the REST of different staff loads are calculated by empirical formula method. Through contrasting two times, whether evacuation passage setting can meet the evacuation requirements is confirmed, and then solutions are proposed. Then highway tunnel fire cause is discussed by Fault Tree Analysis method, and the effective measures to reduce the probability of tunnel fire are reducing the number of flammable materials and using fire-retardant or noncombustible materials for inner decoration are obtained.

以厦门金山寨隧道为例分析火灾时人员的安全疏散，针对隧道内最不利人员安全疏散的火灾场景进行分析，通过对火灾蔓延、烟气扩散进行模拟获得可用的人员安全疏散时间AEST，并用经验公式法计算不同的人员荷载下必需的人员安全疏散时间REST，对比两个时间，判别当前疏散通道的设置是否满足人员疏散要求，并对不满足安全疏散要求的工况提出解决方案。

Of course it is very discommodious. Based on previous studies of the application software to calculation on properties of smoke flow in fire Network Modeling and the time forecast software of personal evacuate travel in high-rise building, according to the quality and energy conservation principle, the paper proposes fire flue gas temperature when the fire reaching a dangerous state in the network model, then evacuation time can be calculated. Simultaneity, the paper proposes a new method that combining VB with MATLAB program technology to analyze and evaluate safety egress in Multi-layer and Multi-room building fire, besides the BF-SPES(the Building Fire Safety Performance Evaluation System)is worked out.

本文在重庆大学开发成功的火灾网络模型烟气流动预测软件和高层建筑人员疏散行动时间预测软件的基础上，根据质量和能量守恒原理，提出了火灾网络模型下火灾达到危险状态的烟气温度值，这样便能计算出可用安全疏散时间；同时提出了一种基于VB与MATLAB混合语言编程技术开发的多层多室建筑火灾安全疏散评估方法，并开发出建筑物火灾安全性能评价系统BF-SPES(the Building Fire Safety Performance Evaluation System)。

A safety level-based evacuation scheme of subway station is presented in this paper, with performance-based evacuation design combined. According to the evacuation characteristics of subway station, accidental evacuation time and available safety evacuation time under smoke control have been classified into three safety levels respectively. Then four safety levels have been proposed based on them. A flow chart of safety evacuation scheme of subway station under fire was then proposed based on the guidelines of safety evacuation and code for design of metro.

针对地铁车站人员疏散特点，以人员安全疏散准则和现行地铁设计规范为基础，融合了火灾安全工程学的性能化人员疏散设计思路，分别将事故疏散时间和烟控可用安全疏散时间划分为三个等级，综合形成了四类人员疏散安全等级标准，并在此基础上提出了框架性的基于安全等级的地铁车站火灾人员安全疏散方案设计流程。

On the basis of analysing the indetermination factors affecting the evacuation start time,studying the main parameters on human evacuation motive ability,and considering the queuing characteristic and multi state phenomenon involved in evacuation performance,mathematical model on the human evacuation behavior in fire was set up.Based on net work theory and relational data base technology. The computer simulation on the optimum of human evacuation routes was realized on Mapinfo platform. This simulation ca...

基于对火灾时影响人员疏散行动的开始时间的不确定因子的分析，以及对火灾时人员疏散行动能力的主要影响因素的研究，在综合考虑建筑物空间疏散性状的排队现象和多态现象的前提下，建立火灾时人员疏散行为的数学模型·利用网论和关系数据库技术，在Mapinfo平台上，实现人员应急疏散路线的全局最优化，实现对疏散出口群集疏散流动规律的预测和评价·其研究成果，可以为建筑物性能化防火设计和应急疏散计划的制定提供科学的参考依据，防止群集事故的发生，减少群集事故的损失

Results show that when the fire zone area is large, to symmetrically distribute the evacuation staircase width of the fire zones is more effective for evacuation.

计算结果表明，当防火分区面积比较大时，疏散楼梯在防火分区四周均匀分布有利于人员疏散；共用楼梯的设置，既有利于人员疏散，又可以提高楼梯的利用率；适当减小防火分区的面积可以缩短人员疏散的距离，使得疏散时间减少。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。