畸形学

MRI not only can be multi-dimensional and muiti-parameter display abnormal bone structure, accurate measurement of basilar invagination,but also clearly shows Chiari deformity and syringomyelia and other diseases, MRIis the most accurate and reliable imaging diagnostic methods.

MRI可多方位多参数显示骨结构畸形，准确测量颅底凹陷，还能清楚显示Chairi畸形及脊髓空洞症等病变，MRI是诊断颅颈交界部畸形最准确、可靠的影像学诊断方法。

Gesell developmental schedules test combined with head imaging examination may be used as an early diagnosis method for screening cognition impairment in microcephaly children with atelencephalia.

通过分析发现85.7%的头小畸形伴脑发育不良患儿有不同程度的早期认知发育落后，且影响因素是多方面的；并且认为Gesell发育量表测试结合影像学检查可作为头小畸形患儿认知发育的早期筛查指标。

Objective To discuss arteriovenous malformation imaging display of CT,MRI,CTA,MRA,DSA and its pathology.Methods To collection arteriovenous malformation45cases and confirmed by CT,MRI,CTA,MRA,DSA and pathology after surgical operation.Results In the CT,imaging display mass,honeycomb,nodosity,strip,patch and blotch forms.

目的 探讨脑内动静脉畸形CT、MRI、CTA、MRA、DSA等影像学诊断及其与病理学表现的相关性方法本文收集颅内动静脉畸形54例，其中脑动静脉畸形45例，脑膜动静脉畸形1例，硬脑膜动静脉畸形1例，硬脑膜动静脉瘘7例，并经过CT、MRI、CTA、MRA、DSA及手术明确诊断。

Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, China; Department of

实验畸形学教育部重点实验室

Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, China; Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China

山东大学实验畸形学教育部重点实验室、山东大学医学院医学遗传学研究所，山东济南 250012；2。

Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, China; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China

山东大学实验畸形学教育部重点实验室，山东大学医学院微生物学教研室，济南 250012

Pere Alberch , at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard, is the modern spokesman for the importance of teratology in evolutionary biology.

哈佛比较动物学博物馆的皮埃阿博彻，则是当代为畸形学在进化生物学中的重要性而奔走呐喊的代言人。

Department of Microbiology, 3The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China; 2 Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China.

山东大学医学院 1微生物学教研室，3 实验畸形学教育部重点实验室，山东济南 250012；2山东大学第二医院血液-肿瘤科，山东济南 250033

Result: In the 3 categories and 10 exemples of congenital malformation fetus, The morphologic observation and histological observation of thymus in syndactylia, ectrodactylia and Siamese fetus was no obvious abnormity, but the morphologic observation and his-tological observation of thymus in anencephaly fetus appeared Obvious abnormity.

结果：三类、10例先天畸形胎儿中，并、缺指畸形和联体畸形胎儿胸腺的大体形态和组织学观察无明显异常，无脑畸形胎儿胸腺的大体形态和组织学观察出现明显异常。

The journal publishes original research on the evaluation and characterization of teratogens, carcinogens, or mutagens; reports describing the development of novel experimental techniques for toxicological assessment, or the application of current methods in molecular and cellular biology (including in vitro studies, organ and cell culture, and the use of transgenic animals); as well as critical reviews focused on topics of significant interest to specialists in teratology, cancer biology, and mutation research.

杂志刊有关载致畸剂，致癌物质和诱变剂的评估和特征方面的原始研究；描述毒物评定的实验新技术，或当前方法在分子和细胞生物学（包括体外研究，器官和细胞培养，和转基因动物）中应用的报告；以及对畸形学，癌生物学，和突变研究中生物学家非常感兴趣课题的评论。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。