畸

The first chapter, by Nanda and Kuhleberg provides a clear presentation of the basic approach to biomechanics in orthodontics pioneered by Dr.

第一章，由南大和Kuhleberg提供了一个明确提出了基本方针，以生物力学的正畸博士开创

ConclusionThe orthodontic treatment mainly affects the position of upper and low teeth, and the nasolabial angle and soft tissue convexity.

青少年安氏Ⅱ~1类患者的正畸治疗主要引起前牙位置、软组织的变化，对骨骼结构无明显影响。

We found that 1 mutant EG4 cells showed typical characteristics of pluripotent stem cells which had no obvious difference with wild cells; 2 When induced by 10〓 M retinoic acid , mutant EG4 cells differentiated into adipocytes with high frequency compared with mutant cells, suggested that EGFR plays a role in adipocyte differentiation; 3 when injected into nude mice, mutant teratocarcinomas contained a large amount of connective tissues as well as skeletal muscle, while wild EG4 cells produced frequently cartilage, keratinocyte and neuroepithelium.

我们建立了稳定表达胞内区功能缺失的外源EGFR cDNA片段的EG4细胞，分析其生长分化特性，发现 1）突变型细胞可在未分化状态下维持长时间的增殖，表明EGFR对EG多能干细胞表型无明显影响；2）〓 M的维甲酸A(retinoid acid A，RA)诱导后，大部分对照组细胞分化为脂肪细胞，而突变型细胞分化为脂肪细胞的比例明显较少，表明EGFR在脂肪细胞的发育分化中具有一定的调节作用；3）畸胎瘤切片分析显示，突变型瘤组织分布有大量的未分化细胞和结缔组织，分化细胞以肌肉细胞为主；对照组瘤组织含丰富的角质上皮、软骨、神经管等依赖EGFR的分化组织。

Between extraction and nonextraction group, there are significant difference. Conclusion Howes'method is instructive for orthodontic treatment.

采用Howes法评估牙弓骨量与牙量对正畸临床的诊断和拔牙与非拔牙矫治设计有一定的指导意义。

Nonextraction treatment of severe Class Ⅱ division 2 malocclusions.

骨性AngleⅡ类2分类错正畸治疗前后硬组织的变化。

Methods30 nonextraction patients treated in the department of orthodontics in Shandong University in the same time period were enrolled in this study. The threepoint bending test was used to measure the strain and stress of arch wires at 37?℃.

方法选取山东大学口腔医学院正畸科同一时期内收治的30例上颌后牙段基本无拥挤的非拔牙矫治患者，利用三点弯曲试验装置（MTS Tytron 250， USA），检测未经使用、使用4周、8周及12周的镍钛弓丝在37？

Methods: Fifty-fix adolescents were chosen and divided into first premolar extraction and nonextraction groups, with 30 and 26 patients respectively. The pretreatment and posttreatment panoramic radiographs were taken. The indexes of third molar eruption space, distance from third molar to occlusal plane and the length of mandible were measured and analyzed.

选择56例上下颌第三磨牙均存在的患者进行方丝弓正畸治疗，按照第一前磨牙拔除与否分为拔牙组（30例）和非拔牙组（26例），利用术前术后曲面断层片对患者上下颌第三磨牙萌出间隙、第三磨牙与胎平面的距离以及下颌长度进行测量分析。

It plays an important role in fine occlusal relationship and achieving functional, artistic and stable treatment goal.

转矩对于建立良好的咬合关系，达到功能、美观、稳定的正畸治疗目标具有重要作用。

Results 80 cases of female pelvic masses,among them 8 cases ectopic pregnancy,16 cases leiomyoma of uterus,12 cases ovarian cyst,10 cases teratoma of ovary,12 cases oophoroma,8 cases ondometrial carcinoma and 12 cases cases cervical carcinoma.

结果 80例女性盆腔包块，其中异位妊娠8例，子宫平滑肌瘤16例，卵巢囊肿12例，卵巢畸胎瘤10例，卵巢癌14例，子宫内膜癌8例，宫颈癌12例。

Results 80 cases of female pelvic masses,among them 8 cases ectopic pregnancy,16 cases leiomyoma of uterus,12 cases ovarian cyst,10 cases teratoma of ovary,12 cases oophoroma,8 cases ondometrial carcinoma and 12 cases cases cervical carcinoma.

功效 80例女性盆腔包块，其中异位妊娠8例，子宫平滑肌瘤16例，卵巢囊肿12例，卵巢畸胎瘤10例，卵巢癌14例，子宫内膜

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。