畦灌

SIRMOD method was employed to estimate the infiltration parameters for border irrigation under the condition of wheat planting.

针对现有估算方法存在计算工作量较大、精度不高的现状，根据田间实测资料，利用SIRMOD模型，对小麦畦灌条件下田间土壤入渗参数进行了估算。

The results show that if the width and the length of the border are carefully designed, border irrigation can reduce deep percolation and irrigation quotas, and improve irrigation uniformity and efficiency of field water use.

结果表明：在适当控制畦宽和畦长的情况下，可以减少深层渗漏、降低灌水定额、提高灌水均匀度和田间水利用率，从而实现节水、节能的目的。

Under the conditions of border irrigation, the total quantity of water consumption and water consumption intensity among different agronomic measures had little difference, but the differences of yield and water production efficiency had greater differences.

在畦灌条件下，不同农艺措施之间耗水总量和耗水强度差异不大，但产量和水分生产效率差异较大。

China is a large country of irrigated agriculture, in which the shortage of water resources is very serious. Due to the underdevelopment of economy, traditional irrigation such as border and furrow irrigation is still taken as the dominant way in farmland irrigation, which leads to the great waste of water resources.

我国是一个灌溉农业大国，水资源紧缺问题十分严重，但是由于经济欠发达，农田灌溉仍以传统的畦灌、沟灌等地面灌溉技术为主，水资源浪费现象还比较严重，因此，开展节水灌溉的研究势在必行。

As the traditional furrow irrigation, border irrigation, such as mode of operation results in water, the waste of labor, crop quality, the reasons for higher output, agricultural efficiency closely the needs of modern drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, such as advanced water-saving irrigation techniques.

由于传统的沟灌、畦灌等模式造成水、劳力的浪费，作物品质、产量不高等原因，现代效益农业密切需要滴灌、喷灌等先进的节水灌溉技术。

The sophon surge border irrigation with pipeline is simulated by compiling Matlab program.

利用牛顿-辛普森迭代法和双扫描法对该模型进行求解，用Matlab模拟虹吸式波涌管道畦灌的水流运动过程，所建立的模型能较好的模拟田面水流的运动状态。

According to practice of popularizing and applying water-saving irrigation technology in Sanhe well irrigation area in Hebei plain,this article puts forward a form of water-saving surface irrigation called "border irrigation by pipe move-back method".

根据河北平原三河井灌区节水灌溉工程推广应用的实践，提出了一种可称之为&支管退行式畦灌&的节水地面灌溉形式。

Extensive land leveling is often required because the topography must be smoother than for furrow irrigation.

由于畦灌的地形必须比沟灌的平坦，因此，常常需要大面积平整土地。

In this paper,established the functions of irrigation application efficiency,irrigationdistribution efficiency and water store efficiency according to the parameters of water flowadvance and infiltration for furrow and border irrigation with tailor water condition.

本文提出根据膜孔沟灌的水量平衡原理，由水流行进方程和有关参数，确定入渗方程，并根据灌水均匀度、灌溉效率和储水效率的定义，推导出长沟畦灌溉有排水条件下由行进方程和入渗方程的参数确定的灌水均匀度方程，与沟畦长分段求解方法相比，其误差小于2%。

First, by the allocation of irrigation water directly into the ditch outlet Xiaqi, achieve no water loss, greatly improve the utilization of water; are two irrigation systems, replace the pipe with water furrow, not square, and the right to re-use, reducing the irrigation investment; Three is the use of the gate with the outlet opening to adjust a constant and accurate control of flow into the trench plot, for different soil and different groove specifications Xiaqi can greatly improve irrigation uniformity; four gates are porous pipe irrigation system for the flow tubes, and the blind to cross the flow tube as compared to the wall can reduce the work under stress, and reduce the damage to the opportunity to prolong the service life of thin-walled tube; are five gates to facilitate the installation of irrigation systems, pipes, and, upon request, to fight孔安outlet assembly to ensure the accuracy of positioning with the outlet.

一是灌溉水经配水口直接进入沟畦，实现无输水损失，极大地提高了水的利用率；二是管灌溉系统代替配水垄沟，不占地，且右重复使用，降低了灌溉投资；三是利用配水口的闸板开度来调节准确恒定地控制进入沟畦的流量，适用于不同土质和规格不同的沟畦，可大大提高灌水均匀度；四是闸管灌溉系统为多孔出流管，与等过流量的盲管相比，可降低管壁承受的工作压力，并减少受损机会，从而延长薄壁管的使用寿命；五是闸管灌溉系统安装方便，并可根据要求打孔安装配水口，确保配水口定位的准确性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。