留置权

So the independence of Priority should be taken into account legislatively and, while considering it"s essence, put beyond the civil rights system consisting only of real rights and creditor" rights.

另外我国民法中的留置权实质上属于针对特定动产的优先权，与日本民法中的留置权虽为相同的名称，但具有不同的内涵。

Where pledge and lien coexist on one property, the lienor shall have priority in payment.

同一财产抵押权与留置权并存时，留置权人优先于抵押权人受偿。

Article 236 A lienor shall, after the property is taken as lien, stipulate with the obligor theterm for the fulfillment of the obligee's rights; and in caseof no or unclear stipulation, two monthsor more shall be given to the obligor for fulfilling the obligee's rights, except for such chattels thatare not easy to be kept as fresh goods, perishable goods, etc..

第二百三十六条留置权人与债务人应当约定留置财产后的债务履行期间；没有约定或者约定不明确的，留置权人应当给债务人两个月以上履行债务的期间，但鲜活易腐等不易保管的动产除外。

Based on analyzing the effects of realizing the tax priority in the liquidation procedure and the system of tax lien in America, the thesis provides a brand new consideration on combining the system of tax priority with the system of lien in the civil law. After the procedure of bankruptcy, there are some problems remained after the disappearance of the enterprises.

在破产清偿过程中，针对税收优先权在实现过程中的内、外效力进行具体分析，本文的创新之处在于通过对美国"租税留置权"制度的借鉴为完善税收优先权与民法上的留置权制度竞合问题提出全新的设计思路。

Article 21 A maritime lien is the right of the claimant, subject to the provisions of Article 22 of this Code, to take priority in compensation against shipowners, bareboat charterers or ship operators with respect to the ship which gave rise to the said claim.

船舶留置权，船舶留置权，是指造船人，修船人在合同另一方未履行合同时，方未履行合同时，可以留置所占有的船舶，留置所占有的船舶，以保证造船费用或者修船费用得以偿还的权利。

Chapter Ⅲ is devoted to a comprehensive comparison and analysis of possessory lien with other confusable rights, namely, right of retention in respect of vessel, maritime lien, and also deals with the exertion sequence of these rights.

第三章对易与船舶留置权混淆的几种权利，如船舶扣押权、船舶滞留权、海上留置权等，进行了分析比较，并就船舶上可能同时存在的几种担保债权的受偿顺序进行了研究。

In our country, the provisions as to lien are included in Civil Code, security law, contract law and maritime code, which are subject to improve. Some of the regulations are not specific, others are inexecutable in practice, which restrict the functioning of lien as a real right for security and increase social cost in exercising this right, thus impacting the circulation and trade of commodities.

我国民法、担保法、合同法和海商法均有关于留置权的法律规定，这些法律规定有不尽完善的地方，有些规定也不是很明确，还有一些规定在实践中无法操作，所有这些，都制约了留置权的担保物权功能的实现，增加了权利实现的社会成本，影响了商品流转和交易。

But in practice,Articles 87 and 88 in CMI have given rise to many problems.This paper studies the Articles 87 and 88 of CMI,analyses the conditions under which the carrier liens the cargo,and gives solutions to the problems arisen under the law,moreover,the article also gives some suggestions about the amendment of Articles 87 and 88 of CMI.

文章围绕着承运人的海上货物留置权，根据中国《海商法》第87条和88条的规定，探讨了承运人行使海上货物留置权的条件和程序，并且对在实践中由于法律规定的不足而引发的问题提出了相应的解决方法，由此对《海商法》第87条8、8条提出了修改建议。

Chapter IV focus on the enforcement methods of the possessory lien on vessel, as well as the exertion phases of it, and also elucidates several other issues which should be paid more attention to during the enforcing process.Xu Shanshan Directed by Professor Yin Dongnian

第四章集中论述了船舶留置权行使阶段的划分、实现方式，同时分析了在该权利行使过程中法院介入的必要性以及行使船舶留置权引起的费用的问题。

The system of bone fide obtainment of the right of lien represents the principle of fairness and functions as a public notification of ownership protection.

留置权善意取得制度体现了民法的公平原则，具有维护占有的公示作用，符合留置权的物权性质。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。