界面

The man machine interface has been successfully used in wireless monitoring system,it offers user,friendly and simple visual system interface.

该人机界面已成功应用于无线监控系统中，提供了一个友好、简便的可视化操作界面。

The system uses CATIA V5 standard interface and is good of man-computer interaction. Its functions include such basal design graphic tools: driver's comfortable H point, 2D human model establishment, eye ellipsoid, head envelop surface, driver's hand reach etc, and also internal layout based the method of Expert System.Expert System in this paper differs from ordinary design software.

该系统采用CATIA V5标准界面，具有很强的人机对话能力，操作使用方便，其主要内容包括：适宜驾驶员H点、二维人体样板、眼椭球、头廓包络面、驾驶员手伸及界面等车身内部布置的基础设计图形工具，以及基于专家系统方法的车身内部基础布置设计等。

The effective thermal conductivity of interfacial layer was put forward through the definition of effective mean free path.

通过"当量自由程"把描述微尺度传热的界面层热导率与描述Fourier导热的热导率用同一个式子表达，给出了用Fourier定律进行界面层热流密度计算的误差。

Therefore, the key to improve strength and durability of the concrete is to decrease flaws of concrete, especially to meliorate the structure of interface, which will improve the compactness and cohesion of interface, thus improve the strength and durability of the concrete.

因此，要提高混凝土材料的强度和耐久性等宏观性能，就必须减少其内部的微观缺陷，特别是要改善界面过渡区的结构，提高界面过渡区的密实性和黏结力，从而提高混凝土的强度和耐久性。

The bonding energy of the mixed covalent/metallic Ti-Al bond for the Ti-terminated Al/TiB_2 interface is larger than that of the polar covalent Al-B bond with partial ionic-like feature for the B-terminated interface. Metallic bond between Al atoms forms across the Al/AlB_2 interface, which results in weaker interfacial adhesion than that for the Al/TiB_2 interface. The interfacial energy for Al/TiB_2 depends on the interfacial chemical potential.

Al熔体中仅存在TiB_2粒子，而无多余溶质Ti时，α-Al在TiB_2粒子上异质形核产生的Al/TiB_2界面能大于α-Al从Al熔体中直接形核时的液-固界面能，不满足TiB_2粒子充当α-Al有效异质形核核心的能量条件，这从理论上解释了Al熔体内仅存在TiB_2粒子时无晶粒细化效果的实验现象。

This project studies the scale-dependent deformation behavior of the metal matrix composite, the void nucleation and void growth mechanisms at the micron/submicron scale. The main results are:(1) In prophase, growth and coalescence of the void embedded in the graded matrix are analyzed in detailed;(2) Based on the infinite solid model containing a micro-void, coupling effects of the void shape and the void size on the void growth are studied carefully, the results show that it seems to exist a critical equivalent void radius, which is associated with the material length. When radius of a microvoid is close to or smaller than the critical void radius, the micro-void growth rate is essentially eliminated;(3) The coupling effects of the particle shape and size on the mesoscopic stress fields within the particle and matrix are also investigated by introducing the conception of inclusion/matrix interfacial energy. The results show that the stress concentration factors within the particle and on the matrix/particle interface are also strongly size-dependent,so the void nucleation mechanism is size-dependent.(4) By employing a specific orthogonal curve coordinate frame and a 'kernel function' conception, a 'unified method'solving the spheriodal and spherical void problems is suggested; by this unified method, size-dependent plastic potentials of the porous materials containing the spheriodal or spherical voids are obtained, which extend the traditional Gurson model for the spherical void and GLD model for the spheriodal voids to the micron scale.(5) Based on the RVE model containing the spheriodal or spherical particles, the influences of the particle shape and size on the size-dependent mechanical behavior of metal matrix composite are studied.

中文摘要：本项目对金属基复合材料在微细观尺度下的尺度相关变形行为、孔洞形核及长大的机理和模型进行了研究，取得了如下主要结果：1）在前期研究中，探讨了基体的梯度分布对孔洞长大和聚合的影响；2）基于含孔洞的无限大体模型，探讨了孔洞形状和孔洞尺寸对其长大的耦合作用，结果表明：可能存在一个与材料特征长度相关的临界孔洞尺寸，当椭球孔洞的等效半径小于临界孔洞半径时，孔洞的长大受到明显抑制；3）通过引入基体/夹杂界面能的概念，分析了夹杂尺寸、夹杂形状对材料细观应力场的耦合影响，结果表明：颗粒内部和界面上的应力集中因子强烈地依赖于夹杂的尺寸和形状，因此，孔洞的形核机理是尺寸相关的；4）采用一种特殊的正交曲线坐标系和引入"核函数"的概念，"统一"地得到了含椭球和球形孔洞的材料的尺寸相关塑性势，它将传统的Gurson球形孔洞模型和GLD椭球孔洞模型推广到微尺度范围；5）基于含椭球和球形夹杂的体胞模型，初步研究了夹杂形状、夹杂尺寸对金属基复合材料尺寸相关力学行为的影响。

The third part of this work focuses on thestudy of biomèmetic films in somewhatpractical environments by means of FTIR,resonanceRaman,Ultraviolet-Visable spectroscopy.

第三部分的工作是将两亲性分子的仿生膜引入到真实的界面环境中，应用FTIR，共振拉曼，UV光谱等手段对界面单分子膜及黑膜进行了研究。

The relationship between the ratio of Ca to Si with shrinkage value was needed to be studied further.The strength of M-AAS was comparatively high, but the flexural strength was regressed in the long term. The compressive and flexural strengthes of 3 days were able to surpass 8MPa and 78MPa, respectively, and compressive strength of 90 days were all around 100MPa, but compared to flexural strength of 28 days, the flexural strength of 90 days was regressed by 19.0%. The high strength property of M-AAS associated with its hydration products and Interfacial Transition Zoo. The main hydration products of M-AAS were microcline and CSH, no calcium hydroxide was found. The coexistence of microcline and CSH worked as micro-aggregate by each other, and no weak ITZ, both resulted in its high strength. The regression of its strength was related to its high shrinkage property, because the crazing caused by shrinkage would decrease the strength, especially the flexural strength.

M-AAS强度较高，但长期抗折强度倒缩。3天抗折和抗压强度分别可超过8MPa和78MPa，90天抗压强度在100MPa左右，但90天抗折强度比28天抗折强度相比低19.0％。M-AAS的高强特性与其水化产物和界面过渡区有关，M-AAS的水化产物主要为微斜长石和CSH凝胶，没有氢氧化钙，微斜长石与CSH凝胶相互填充和配合共同起到强度的作用，M-AAS砂浆中几乎没有发现界面过渡薄弱区。M-AAS的强度倒缩现象与其收缩值较大有关，收缩会引起M-AAS硬化体内部出现微裂缝，使强度下降。

The main mechanical factors included prosthetic materials, shapes and sizes, implant fixation methods, cl inical installation, interface micromotion, stress shielding, implant wear, interface integrity, and peri prosthetic high hydraulic pressure, etc.; the main biological factors included the types and sizes of wear particles, cell-activated responses, cytokine release, enzyme activation and allergic reactions to wear particles, etc..

机械学因素主要包括假体材料、形状和尺寸、假体固定方法、临床安装、界面微动、应力遮挡、假体磨损、界面密封程度、假体周围高液压等；生物学因素主要包括磨损颗粒种类和大小、细胞活化反应、细胞因子释放、酶类激活、对磨损颗粒的致敏反应等。

In this paper, the microstructure of secondary interface was studied and secondary interface theory was developed.

本文研究了二级界面显微结构，并首次提出了二级界面理论。

What would he tell Judith and the children?

他将怎样告诉朱迪丝和孩子们呢？

I this is at that time, the opinion with peacockish true girl is full of in a heart.

这就是当时的我，一个心中布满虚荣的女孩子真实的想法。