界面

After heat treatment at 1100C in air, the elements of the substrate and the bond coat diffuse and the diffusion of Ni is an uphill diffusion. The layer of r " phase and the layer of A12O3 or NiAl2O4 were formed at the interface of the substrate and the bond coat and at the interface of the bond/top coat, respectively. The thickness of the r " phase and the oxide layer increases with the increase of the time of the heat treatment.

经1100℃热处理，基体和底层中元素发生了相互扩散，并在界面析出γ'相，γ'的存在使界面的结合为冶金结合；在底层／面层界面由于底层被氧化和Al与ZrO_2氧化还原反应形成Al_2O_3等氧化物，Y'和氧化物的厚度随热处理时间延长而增加。

Microstructure observation shows that crystals of copper and steel are in contact directly and the interface is rugged in micro-area at the interface as well, which contributes to good bonding between copper layer and steel core wire.

经金相组织观察，铜、钢晶粒在界面处直接接触，界面呈极细微的凹凸不平的状态，经冷轧后，铜、钢晶粒在界面处互相咬合，且铜与钢的变形随着变形量的增大而趋于均匀。

A potential failure phase with a minimum safety factor cannot simply be determined by comparison of the values of inner friction angles and cohesions for a multilayer liner.

具有最小安全系数的潜在滑动面并不能仅仅通过比较衬垫中不同界面的黏聚力和内摩擦角来确定，随着衬垫界面摩擦角和黏结力的增加，FSave都在逐渐增大，衬垫界面黏结力对填埋场的整体稳定性影响较大，尤其是对于摩擦角较小、黏结力较大的情况。

Firstly the distribution of the interfacial shear stress of the intermediate crack zone is presented based on the bilinear bond-slip model for the interface between FRP and concrete, Then, theoretical models to predict the load at initiation of debonding and deboning failure are proposed, respectively. Finally, experimental results validate the prediction models.

基于FRP-混凝土界面粘结滑移的双线性模型，推导弯曲裂缝间界面的粘结剪应力，提出了预应力FRP片材加固RC梁由弯曲裂缝引起界面开始剥离以及发生剥离破坏的预测模型。

This paper gives cracking criterion of interface between steel rope with grout also, then two expressions of the relationship of slip displacement and friction force are put forward.

采用模型试验与曲线拟合法，对砂浆和混凝土所形成的不同角度界面的试件进行轴向拉伸试验，导出界面开裂时正应力和剪应力的关系表达式，以此作为界面开裂判据。

The GIBS scheme can raises the phase transformation temperature to 850℃ and the agglomeration temperature to 800℃.

而GIBS制程达到晶相转换温度850℃与结块温度800℃的效果，其热稳定性比未做Ge布植的矽化镍与高了100℃，猜测其原因为高浓度的Ge在矽化镍/矽的界面聚集，平衡了在界面上的应力，使得热稳定性提升，除此之外，从TEM图中还可发现Ge离子布植提升了矽化镍的界面平坦度。

By using Z-contrast imaging and high-resolved EELS spectroscopy, it is very powerful to determine the interfacial structures and the elemental/chemical environment at/around interfaces within advanced CMOS gate stacks.

利用 Z-衬度像配合高分辨电子能量损失谱技术，可确定新型 CMOS 堆垛层中的界面结构、界面及界面附近的元素分布及化学环境。

We use AOT/iso-octane/water reverse micelles as a biological model to mimic the properties of triplet-excited-state porphyrin in the interfacial region. The amphiphilic property of compound is difficult to evaluate for different system.

用AOT／异辛烷／水反相胶束体系营造了一个多相、多界面的环境，通过对卟啉化合物三重态寿命的测量，研究了以亲水基团为端基的具有不同侧链链长的两亲卟啉化合物的界面行为，探讨了卟啉化合物的亲水疏水性质与界面环境间的相互作用，这对卟啉类光疗药物的结构优化具有帮助。

Through above numerical analysis of the TiN coating/substrate system, some typical rules about the fatigue failure are found:(1) the fatigue damage of a coating/substrate system appears first on the interface, then expands along the interface and to the substrate, and finally causes the coatings broken and spalled;(2) under the cyclic loadings of tangential sliding and radial extrusion, the equivalent plastic damage on the interface is mainly generated by the shear stress and the accumulated plastic contributed by the increments of shear stress. Thus the change of the shear stress is the main factor for the contact fatigue damages of coating/substrate system;(3) the frictional coefficient, external loading and coating thickness have some influence on the carrying capacity and contact fatigue life for a coating/substrate system.

通过对TiN涂层／基体系统的数值模拟分析，得到了涂层／基体系统疲劳失效的一些典型规律：(1)、涂层基体的初始损伤首先出现在交界面处，然后沿界面并向基体中扩展，最后导致涂层断裂而发生剥落失效；(2)、在切向滑动和径向挤压循环载荷作用下，交界面处的塑性损伤主要是由剪应力τ产生，塑性累积也是由于△τ的变化引起，说明循环过程中剪应力变化是影响涂层接触疲劳破坏的主要因素；(3)、材料摩擦系数、外界载荷大小以及涂层厚度都对涂层／基体系统的承载能力以及疲劳寿命都有一定影响。

Depending on the geometry of gas-cap and oil column, the physical property and geometric shape of reservoir, and the mobility of edge and bottom water, the multiple oil-driving mechanisms exist in gas-cap reservoirs where there are gas-cap and oil/gas interface, and the recovery factor changes a lot because the oil/gas interface moves during exploitation of gas-cap reservoirs and it is very difficult to adjust and control the oil/gas interface.

气顶油气田因气顶及油气界面的存在，同时因气顶和油环的大小、储层物性、几何形态不同和边底水活跃程度不同，致使气顶油气藏在开采过程中具有多种驱油机理，采收率变化较大，这关键是气顶油气藏在开发过程中存在油气界面的移动问题，而调整和控制油气界面是相当困难。

The reasons of iron ions content overproof in grade Ⅱ desalting water system,such as variation water quality,contamination of regenerant , operation adjustment of pretreatment system and switching operation of bed were discussed.

对二级脱盐水系统中铁离子含量超标的原因，如来水水质发生波动、再生剂受到污染、预处理系统操作调整、床体运行切换等进行了论述。

You were hired to drum up new business, so go and do it.

公司雇你招徕新业务，你就做你的事好了。