电路符号

One of the most important issues of pulse position modulation for optical wireless communications is the receiver symbol synchronization subsystem, in this paper, the basic principle of symbol synchronization for PPM sequence is discussed, and the upper limit of exact synchronization probability for random PPM sequence is analyzed.

讨论了PPM序列的符号同步原理；在分析随机PPM序列的精确符号同步概率上限的基础上，给出了一种在PPM序列中插入同步信号来实现PPM精确符号同步的方案及其数字逻辑电路实现。

We will use the circuit symbol for current source, which is , to model these power injections (which makes sense because, as concluded in Section 3.0, we can treat real power just as we treat currents).

我们为当前来源将使用电路符号，是，塑造(有道理的这些力量射入，因为，如结束在第3.0部分，我们可以对待真正的力量正我们对待潮流)。

Most people consider the return current when considering a fully differential circuit, but when considering the more usual circuit where a signal is referred to 'ground' it is common to assume that all the points on the circuit diagram where the ground symbol is to be found are at the same potential.

分析差分电路时，绝大多数工程师都会注意到返回电流，但对于常见的所谓单端电路，即所有信号采用相同参考点的电路，往往会认为电路中所有标有参考点符号的地方电平都相等。

Analysis for testability is widely used in DFT and test pattern generation, but most testability analysis algorithms have the shortcoming of either inaccuracy or being too complicated. A new method to calculate the signal probabilities of the nodes in IC is pre-sented in Chapter 7 of this dissertation. The signal probabilities by our method is more exact than by the previous ones. A symbol of the signal probability at the fan-out node is created and is propagated to the RFON (Reconvergent Fan-out Nodes). At the RFON, the expression containing the symbol is simplified using the rule which corresponds to the law of identity in Boolean algebra. After the expression is simplified, the symbol is substituted with its numeric value. Theoretical analysis shows that this method is concise and has a low computing complexity.

可测试性分析在可测试性设计和测试生成中都有着广泛的应用，然而大部分的可测性分析方法都存在不精确或者过于复杂的毛病，在第七章中作者提出了一种新的计算IC电路节点的信号概率值的符号算法，该算法得出的信号概率值比用以往的算法法得出的要更准确，也更简洁，针对电路中的扇出节点重汇聚现象，我们在每一个扇出节点定义了一个信号概率的符号，在以后的计算中一直使用该符号参与计算，直到该符号传播至重汇聚处，利用一定的规则把含符号的表达式化简，再将符号的真实值代入，在计算符号概率的过程中定义了一个和布尔代数中的同一律相对应的运算规则，通过该运算规则，使得信号概率的结果更加准确，符号算法具有简洁方便，计算复杂度小的特点 4。

Three elements should be calculated in first-order circuit, which can synthesise analytical solution. Second-order series RLC and parallel RLC both can be calculated by the general function, which uses the Matlab to calculate differential equations. Generally, second-order and high-order circuits use Laplace transformation to formulate circuit equation, and get analytical solution by using Laplace inverse transform.

一阶电路先计算3要素，后合成解析结果；RLC串联和并联的二阶电路采用自编的通用函数计算，自编函数采用了Matlab求解微分方程的符号运算方法；一般的二阶电路和高阶电路采用拉氏变换列写电路方程，再用拉氏反变换得到解析结果。

On the basic theory, some concepts are proposed, such as partial derivative of waveform polynomial, waveform polynomial vector, delay matrix, multiple valued Boolean process, conditional sensitization, waveform distance with crosstalk and three-dimentional Boolean process. And based on these concepts, a sensitization theorem for sequential circuits and the transition numbers theorems for waveform polynomial are proposed; the model and data structure for the representation and manipulation of waveform polynomial are proposed.

基础理论方面，提出波形多项式偏导、波形多项式向量、延时矩阵、多值Boolean过程、条件可敏化、考虑串绕的波形距离及三维Boolean过程等概念，并在此基础上提出时序电路的敏化定理、波形多项式描述跳变数的定理以及波形多项式的多项式符号表示与运算的模型和数据结构。

This paper describes the design of a kind of 32×32bit fast parallel multiplier,introduces partial product generation circuit based on modified Booth algorithm,Wallace tree and 4∶2 compressor.

本文描述了一种32×32位快速并行结构乘法器，介绍了基于修正布斯编码算法的部分积产生电路，并对部分积的符号扩展进行了简化。

Contains symbols for VHF, UHF, and SHF circuit design, including capacitance measurers, nonreciprocal devices, modulators, phase shifters, field polarization devices, and filters.

包含用于甚高频、超高频和特高频电路设计的符号，包括电容测量器、不可逆设备、调制器、移相器、场极化设备和滤波器。

Secodely , introduces the FPGA implementation of the DVB-T coder and modulator , some of the core arithmetic , such as , inner coding , inner-interleaving ( bit-wise / symbol interleaver ), signal constellations and mapping , OFDM frame structure are detailed .

然后，详细描述了DVB-T信道编码调制器中的部分核心算法的FPGA电路设计、调试和实现，包括内编码、内交织(包括比特交织和符号交织)、星座映射、帧形成等。

Driven by decoding output circuit, it can display showing clear and intuitive figures. Due to walking error of digital clock, we design time calibrat in the system.

在译码显示电路输出的驱动下，显示出清晰、直观的数字符号。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。