电负性

The comparison of hydrolysis-polycondensation reaction and microstructure of ORMOSILs derived by TEOS, MTES, VTES, ETES confirms that the influence of organic group such as methyl, vinyl, ethyl and ethoxyl on the hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction rate depends on several factors including electron-donating capability, size and number of ethoxyl group which can participates polycondensation reaction.

确认甲基、乙烯基和乙基和乙氧基等改性基团对硅醇盐水解-缩聚反应速度的影响是取决于有机改性基团的电负性、尺寸和可水解的-OR基团数目等因素综合作用的结果，其水解速度依MTES＞TEOS＞VTES＞ETES的顺序递减。由于Si原子上可聚合的基团数目减少，导致MTES、VTES和ETES的聚合反应速度降低，而与水解速率失配。

With the electronegativity of heteroatom (such as sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen attaching directly to phosphorus) increasing, 31P NMR chemical shift moves to low field.

与磷相邻基团的电负性增加时，31P NMR化学位移向低场位移，如：杂原子硫、氧、氮，与磷直接相连将使磷谱向低场位移。

Based on theoretical calculation of electronegativity of groups offlotation-reagent and method of infra-red adsorption spectroscopy, the collection andadsorption of α-nitroso-β-naphthol in hematite flotation have been studied. The chemicaladsorption seems to be predominant owing to formation of pentacyclic nitrosyl chelate com-pound by atoms of nitrosyl bond in α-nitroso-β-naphthol together with Fe~(3+) on hematitesurface.

研究了α-亚硝基β-萘酚对赤铁矿的捕收性能及吸附规律，导出了吸附方程和吸附速率方程用药剂基团电负性理论计算以及红外吸收光谱法论述了其作用机理α-亚硝基β—萘酚主要是以N O键合原子与赤铁矿表面的Fe形成N O五元环螯合物而化学吸附。

Based on the introduction of quantum numbers and bonding parameters,a novel molecular topological index ~A~was suggested.

通过引入量子数、键参数，认为分子的性质与其中各原子的电负性、价电子数、成键电子数、价层主量子数及各化学键的键长有关，提出了一种新的分子拓扑指数mAY。

A carbon-hydrogen bond is stable/unreactive because of the similar electronegativities of carbon and hydrogen.

P95 由于碳和氢的电负性相近，碳氢键十分稳定。

The results showed that loading Ag^＋, Ni^2＋, Cu^2＋ or Zn^2＋ ion on the activated carbon obviously improved its adsorption of benzothiophene, while loading Fe^3＋ or Co^3＋ ion on the activated carbon caused a decrease in its adsorption of benzothiophene in comparison with the original unloaded activated carbon, which was due to the variation of the nature of soft and hard acid on the surface of the activated carbon.

采用密度泛函数理论法计算结果表明，苯并噻吩的电负性χ为2.638，属软碱类物质；由于Ag^＋为软酸，活性炭负载Ag^＋离子，增加了其局部表面的软酸，从而增强了对苯并噻吩硫化物的吸附；由于Ni^2＋、Cu^2＋和Zn^2＋离子属交界酸，负载Ni^2＋、Cu^2＋、Zn^2＋离子增加了活性炭表面的交界酸，也在一定程度上提高了其表面对苯并噻吩硫化物的吸附；当活性炭表面负载了硬酸性Fe^3＋或Co^3＋离子，其局部表面硬酸增大从而降低了其对苯并噻吩的吸附。

Similar to the oxidation process of Si(111)-7×7 by water,the gradual insertion of S atom into Si_a-Si_s backbond is possible to occur,and the insertion pathway,which begins with directly destroying Si_a-Si_s backbonds by a foreign H_2S molecule,remains more favorable.However,when H_2S attacks at the Si_a site to split Si_a-Si_s backbond with its S or H atom,there is no distinct thermodynamical and kinetical difference between these two attacking behaviors,whereas Si_a-Si_s backbond is easilier broken when H_2O attacks at the Si_a site with its O atom.This mainly lies in the fact that the electronegativity of oxygen is larger than that of sulfur.

5类似于H_2O对Si(111)-7×7的氧化历程，S原子逐步插入Si_a-Si_s键是可以发生的，且H_2S直接打开Si_a-Si_s键进而使S原子插入的途径仍是动力学上较为有利的，但H_2S以S或H原子进攻Si_a位从而打开Si_a-Si_s键的两种反应机制在动力学和热力学上并没有表现出明显的差别，而当H_2O以O原子进攻Si_a位时，Si_a-Si_s键则较容易断裂，这应归因于O的电负性比S大。

It is rationalized by the electron-withdrawing property of the pyridyl group due to the presence of N atom.

此结果是由于吡啶环上的氮原子具有较碳更大的电负性，因而有利于电子的转移，使反应得以进行。

Comparisons show that there is no correlation between the experimental sensitivity of tetrazole compounds and various previously proposed theoretical static criteria, such as the bond length and bond order of relevant bonds, net atomic charges and electronegativity and the content of 2H-teterazole isomers in both gaseous and condensed states.

把四唑衍生物的实验感度与前人曾提出过的各种感度理论判据—一些静态结构性质(如相关键的键长、键级、原子电荷和电负性等)以及平衡体系中2H-异构体的含量—进行比较，均未找到它们之间的规律性联系。

The structures of borates and borophosphates are primarily influenced by polyanions,and in borates M_xB_yA_z the number of coordination of B atoms increases with theelectronegativity of A atoms.

硼酸盐及硼磷酸盐的结构主要来自聚阴离子的影响，A代硼酸盐中，A的电负性越大，B的共价配位数越高。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。