电负性

At last, the conductivity order is yet explained by using the electronegativities and atomic radius of the elements P, As, Sb.

最后，本文又从P，As，Sb 的电负性和原子半径的角度讨论了这一次序的起因

The position of the hump shifts to a higher temperature with increasing atomic radius and decreasing electronegativity of addition elements.

结果表明：在高温处Al85Ni10M5液态合金的比热容曲线上均有驼峰出现，其位置随添加元素的原子半径的增大和电负性的减小而向高温处偏移。

Furthermore, the metallic glass samples are prepared by vacuum injection method and the rationality of above-mentioned relationships and RBF models is directly verified. It is shown that there are extremum phenomena between the Rc andΔd ,Δe and v respectively. However, the positions of the extremum are different from different alloy systems and the extremum phenomena may be related to the optimum composition region and the optimum additive quantity. More elements in the alloy are in favor of the improvement of the GFA. And as for the high GFA alloy, the atomic percentage, atomic radius difference and atomic electronegativity difference are harmoniously matched.

d、Δe和v与临界冷却速度Rc的关系中都出现极值现象，对于不同的合金体系，极值出现的位置不同；金属玻璃的最优成分范围以及各种添加元素的最佳添加量行为，可能与此极值现象相关；合金中包含的组元数目多有利于提高其玻璃形成能力，玻璃形成能力强的合金，其各个组元的原子百分含量、组元原子半径差及其电负性差之间的搭配是很和谐的；融合建模的合金系之间包含的主要组元数量和种类越相近，所建立的模型的可靠程度越高，其预测结果与实测结果越吻合。

The results show: the strongest bond is the Al-Al bond in the segregated cell without containing vacancy, where the Al atomic covalence radius is greater than that of Li atom in the cell; while the strongest bond is the Al-Li bond in the segregated cell containing vacancy, and the Al atomic covalence radius in the cell is less than that of Li atom. Since the difference of electronagativity between the Al and Li atoms is obvious, it is inclined to formed the Al-Li segregated cell of short range order structure in the condition of vacancy present. The short range order structure containing vacancy is probably the embryo or precursor structure of the metastable phase δ′(Al3Li). Because the strongest covalent bond in the Al-Li-vacancy segregated cell in alloy formed in quenching is the main strength reason for supersaturated solid solution of alloy. The bond net of succeeding precipitation of δ′(Al3Li) has the picture of anisotropic Al-Al bonding and the bond intensity enhanced. Since the δ′(Al3Li) is coherence with matrix, the bond net strength is enhanced by the precipitation of δ′(Al3Li) and so strengthen the alloy.

计算结果表明：不包含空位的偏聚晶胞的键络最强键为Al—Al键，其中Al原子的共价半径较Li原子的共价半径要大；而含空位的偏聚晶胞的最强键为Al—Li键， Al原子的共价半径要比Li原子的共价半径要小；在空位存在的情况下，由于Al原子与Li原子的电负性相差明显，促使Al和Li原子结合，倾向形成Al-Li短程序结构偏聚区，这种含空位的短程序结构很可能就是δ′(Al3Li)亚稳相的前兆结构和生长胚胎；由于Al-Li-空位有序偏聚晶胞的Al—Li键络比基体键络要强许多，因此，淬火过程中合金生成的Al-Li-空位偏聚晶胞对合金过饱和固溶体起主要强化作用；后续析出的δ′(Al3Li)亚稳相键络各项异性显著，键络强度明显提高；由于Al3Li与基体共格，其大量均匀弥散析出起到提升基体整体键络强度，同样对合金产生强化作用。

The results show: the strongest bond is the Al-Al bond in the segregated cell without containing vacancy, where the Al atomic covalence radius is greater than that of Li atom in the cell; while the strongest bond is the Al-Li bond in the segregated cell containing vacancy, and the Al atomic covalence radius in the cell is less than that of Li atom. Since the difference of electronagativity between the Al and Li atoms is obvious, it is inclined to formed the Al-Li segregated cell of short range order structure in the condition of vacancy present. The short range order structure containing vacancy is probably the embryo or precursor structure of the metastable phase δ'(Al3Li). Because the strongest covalent bond in the Al-Li-vacancy segregated cell in alloy formed in quenching is the main strength reason for supersaturated solid solution of alloy. The bond net of succeeding precipitation of δ'(Al3Li) has the picture of anisotropic Al-Al bonding and the bond intensity enhanced. Since the δ'(Al3Li) is coherence with matrix, the bond net strength is enhanced by the precipitation of δ'(Al3Li) and so strengthen the alloy.

计算结果表明：不包含空位的偏聚晶胞的键络最强键为Al-Al键，其中Al原子的共价半径较Li原子的共价半径要大；而含空位的偏聚晶胞的最强键为Al-Li键，Al原子的共价半径要比Li原子的共价半径要小；在空位存在的情况下，由於Al原子与Li原子的电负性相差明显，促使Al和Li原子结合，倾向形成Al-Li短程序结构偏聚区，这种含空位的短程序结构很可能就是δ'(Al3Li)亚稳相的前兆结构和生长胚胎；由於Al-Li-空位有序偏聚晶胞的Al-Li键络比基体键络要强许多，因此，淬火过程中合金生成的Al-Li-空位偏聚晶胞对合金过饱和固溶体起主要强化作用；后续析出的δ'(Al3Li)亚稳相键络各项异性显著，键络强度明显提高；由於Al3Li与基体共格，其大量均匀弥散析出起到提升基体整体键络强度，同样对合金产生强化作用。

The objectives of this paper are to study a new simple calculation of elements' electronegativity and bond energy in double-atom molecules and to explore its physical significance.

研究了电负性和双原子分子键能的一种简单算法，并对其物理意义作初步探讨。

Structures of Na~+-AD ion-complexes with 1 or 2 H2O molecules were obtained. It was found that H2O can bond with Na~+ in the structure of Na~+-AD to form Na-O van der Waals bond. H2O molecule can also bond with N or O atoms in AD moiety to form H-bonds as N-H…Ow or O…Hw-Ow. The former process takes place more easily. The most stable structures of Na~+-AD ion-complexes with 1 and 2 H2O molecules are W-C7AB and 2W-C7AB, respectively.αB conformer of Na~+-AD can not exist in the presence of 2 H2O molecules.

研究发现水分子可以结合在Na~+-AD络合离子中的Na~+附近形成Na-OW范德华键，也可以与Na~+-AD络合离子骨架结构中电负性较强的N或O原子结合形成N-H…OW或O…HW-OW氢键，相对而言，水分子更容易结合在Na~+-AD络合离子中的Na~+位置，Na~+-AD最稳定的带1个或2个水分子的结构分别为W-C7AB和2W-C7AB，Na~+-AD络合离子的αB构象在2分子水存在的情况下完全消失。

The electron structure and molecular conformation of phenothiazine derivatives will be significantly changed with the increase of the electron affinity of the N-10 substituent.

随着N10位取代基电负性的增加，吩噻嗪衍生物的电子结构和分子构型将发生明显的变化。

According to these computated results, the correct experiment values of electron affinity can be chosen from the values of electron affinity which are measured by various experimental methods.

通过计算说明了电子亲合力与诱导效应的定量相关比电负性与诱导效应的定量相关好得多；并应用其定量关系式预测尚未实测到的取代基的电子亲合力值；根据计算结果，可从不同实验方法测得的电子亲合力值中选择正确的实验值。

Fluorine is the most electronegative of all elements.

氟是电负性最强的元素。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。