电解还原

The electrochemical reduction and carboxylation of ethyl cinnamate have been carried out in an undivided cell equipped with a Mg sacrificial anode using MeCN as solvent.

在一室型电解池中，以MeCN为溶剂，Mg为牺牲阳极，成功地实现了肉桂酸乙酯的电化学还原和羧化。

Thereafter, the sequential process would involve a solid/liquid separation, reduced sulphuric acid leaching, counter current decantation, solvent extraction of the copper and cobalt and their electro-winning to produce high purity copper and cobalt cathode metal.

后续程序还包括固液分离，简化的硫酸过滤处理，逆流移注（这个词翻译可能不准，请自己调整），铜和钴的溶媒萃取和电解来生产/还原出高纯度的阴极金属铜和钴。

In this process, the discharge process of single point to point contact is transformed to the process of both point to point contact and the overall surrounding contact of sphere Ni through the self redox reaction, thus making a highly efficient electron transfer process. In this dissertation, the catalytic electrolysis mechanism is discussed. The influence of various parameters (e.g. kind and concentration of catalyst, reaction temperature and electrolysis duration) on electrolysis were investigated.

本文首次提出了以KMnO_4为代表的高锰酸盐作为电解过程电子传递的媒介，通过锰盐自身氧化还原反应的参与，在阳极和溶液中的球形Ni_2之间建立起高效的电子转移过程，使球形Ni_2和阳极之间单一的固体之间的点点接触放电，转变为点点接触放电和球镍与溶液全方位包围接触放电过程，大大提高了电解过程的效率。

Niobium suboxide anode is prepared with method similar to that for tantalum electrolytic capacitor and its electric property is investigated by electrolytic capacitor anode testing.

采用玛瑙研磨混料-还原焙烧-过筛工艺制备了低价铌氧化物粉末，用正交试验法及方差分析对工艺条件进行了优化，用XRD、SEM测试方法对产物物相、微观形貌进行了研究；按与钽电解电容器相似的工艺将低价铌氧化物粉末制成了阳极，并采用电解电容器阳极测试方法对其电性能进行了研究。

The function process of this kind of additives is that the additives discomposing reaction can occur before the electrolytes do at the first charge-discharge cycle, forming a fine SEI film, and avoiding or decreasing the discomposing reaction of electrolytes.

在首次充电过程中，添加剂首先发生还原分解反应，形成一层良好的SEI膜，从而避免和减少电解液的还原分解。

Due to the cathode oxidizability and electrolyte instability, some primary reactions, such as electrolyte decomposition, cathode materials dissolution and self-heating redox reaction, arised at the cathode/electrolytes interface in Li-ion batteries, which deteriorated the electrochemical properties and safety of the batteries.

锂离子电池中的正极/电解液界面反应：电解液的氧化分解、正极材料腐蚀溶解及正极材料的自热氧化还原反应等，均能对电池的电化学性能和安全特性产生不良影响。

The invention discloses an electrochemical method for preparing a hydroxylapatite particle thin coating on the surface of a metal implant, which comprises the following steps: electrolyte is put into a container equipped with a constant temperature heating system and heated to be 30 DEG C to 95 DEG C, and then the temperature is kept; platinum is taken as the anode and evenly distributed around the container, and the metal implant is taken as the cathode, put in the middle of the container and totally soaked in the electrolyte; DC voltage of 2V to 4V is added between the anode and the cathode, the surface of the metal implant has cathode reduction reaction, the pH value is increased and the supersaturation degree of the hydroxylapatite is also increased, so as to crystalize on the surface of titanium; after 0.5h to 5h of deposition, a layer of hydroxylapatite particle thin coating which can be excellently adhered to the matrix metal is formed on the surface of the implant.

本发明公开了一种在金属植入体表面制备羟基磷灰石颗粒薄涂层的电化学方法，在装备了恒温加热系统的容器中装入电解液，并将电解液加热到30～95℃恒温；将铂作为阳极均匀分布在容器四周，金属植入体作为阴极置于容器中间，完全浸没在电解液中，两极之间加直流电压2～4V，金属植入体表面发生阴极还原反应，pH值升高，羟基磷灰石过饱和度增加，从而结晶在钛金属表面；经过0.5～5小时沉积后，在植入体表面即可形成一层与基体金属结合优良的、薄的羟基磷灰石颗粒薄涂层。

Thoroughly changed the traditional water electrolysis machine produced by the electrolysis of alkaline water to restore the process.

彻底改变了传统的电解水机由电解产生碱性还原水的工艺。

Because of the disadvantages in the electrolysis of rare earth metals, a new kind of electrode material called non-carbon anode is studied, and the corrosion mechanism is reseached.

针对稀土金属Nd的氟化物体系熔盐电解中石墨阳极所存在的一系列不足，研制了一种新型的电极材料，称其为非碳阳极；并对其在电解过程中的腐蚀机理进行了较详细的探讨，提出了还原反应、氧化反应、电解质渗透、电极组分溶解、析氧膨胀等几种可能的腐蚀原因。

In order to disclosure the reason why the electrocatalysis activeness and selectivity droped after being used several hundred hours continuously, the x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscope have been used to characterize the surface condition variations of Monel metal. The results indicated: Monel metal belongs to the Cu-Ni alloy around the electrolysis experiment.And after being used for 600hr, the surface layer element composition and geometry distribution of the alloy changed, namely in the alloy the Cu element /which superficial free enthalpy was smaller,"concentrated" to the alloy surface,and formed one kind of marble structure microcrystallite.Thus the electrode surface becamed rough a

为了揭示蒙乃尔合金阴极在连续使用数百个小时后电催化活性剂选择性下降的原因，采用X射线衍射仪、电子扫描电镜和电子能谱分析仪对电解实验所用的蒙乃尔阴极材料在电解实验前后的表面状态进行了表征，结果表明：所使用的蒙乃尔合金阴极材料在电解实验前后均属于Cu-Ni合金，使用600hr后，由于表面层元素组成和几何排布发生了变化，即合金中表面自由焓较小的Cu元素向合金表面&富集&，形成一种大理石结构的微晶，表面粗糙、不均一，这是造成其对硝基苯电还原的催化活性及选择性随着使用时间延长而逐渐下降的主要原因，同时也为此类电极的修饰改进提供了方向。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。