电荷密度

In this paper, the flotation rule and behavior of kyanite一group polymor-phous minerals were studied in modified Hallimond tube in detail,Further-more, the energy change of collector/mineral systems before and after ad-sorption and the net charge densities of the atoms on the minerals surfaceswere calculated by use of quantum chemistry ,The flotability of the mine-rals was successfully explained.

进一步应用量子化学CNDO／2法计算了捕收剂在矿物上吸附的能量变化和矿物表面原子的电荷分布密度，并根据量子化学计算结果成功地解释了蓝晶石类同质异相矿物的浮选规律。

Thermochemical Hole Burning memory uses the STM heating effect to induce a localized thermochemical decomposition of Charge Transfer Complexes, evolving the low-boiling point donor component and creating nanometer-sized holes on the crystal surface. In this thesis, we focus our research on the material synthesis and storage mechanism of THB memory.

热化学烧孔(Thermochemical Hole Burning，THB)技术是基于STM的超高密度信息存储技术，它利用STM针尖产生的隧道电流或场发射电流的焦耳热效应，诱导二元电荷转移复合物材料发生局域热化学气化分解反应，使低沸点组分从样品表面逸出，形成纳米尺度的信息孔。

For Et4NBF4/AN, the least ionic transfer and diffusion resistance led to an excellent capacitance retention property. For Bu4NBF4, due to the larger solvated ion diameter and higher ion transfer resistance, the capacitive performances were inferior to those of Et4NBF4 in terms of specific capacitance and power density.

实验结果表明：对于高微孔比率的电极材料，由于Et4N+的溶剂化离子半径小于Et4N+的溶剂化离子半径，因此，Et4NBF4体系下的电荷存储密度和有效表面利用率更高，电容性能优于Bu4NBF4。

Basing on the poission's equation of charge distribution and the transport equation of carriers, and considering the carriers' density of states as the two Gaussian distributions because of the energy disorders of organic molecules, we have studied self-consistently the effect of doping concentration and disordered degree on the mobility of carriers in the Alq3 flexible organic light-emitting diodes.

基于电荷分布的泊松方程和载流子输运方程，考虑最低能量非占据态和最高能量占据态的载流子态密度服从双高斯分布的模型，我们自洽地研究了掺杂浓度和无序对Alq3柔性有机发光二极管载流子迁移率的影响。

In the wind environment with and without dust, the flashover voltage of flat plate model, Uf, increases with the increment of the wind. This increase trend becomes slow when the wind increase to be 4.5m/s. Also, the influence of the charge of sand dust on Uf is small. In the condition of sand dust deposited on flat plate model, there is a minimum value of Uf with the increase of the density of the deposited sand dust. Besides, the flashover voltage of the dust is influenced by the moisture of the dust.

得到了风沙速度、风沙带电量、沙粒沉积量及沙粒含水量等因素对沿面放电的影响规律；在有风有沙和有风无沙时，平板模型沿面闪络电压Uf随风速的增大而增大，当风速达到4.5 m/s后增大趋势变缓；Uf受沙尘的电荷量影响较小；当干沙粒沉积在绝缘表面时，随着沉积密度的增加，Uf存在着极小值；同时，平板模型的闪络电压还与沉积沙粒的含水量有关。

Finally,we discuss the future of generalising LBK definition of energy to unstaticmetric.

3.3我们也考察了均匀物质球ρ＝ρm表面分布面电荷Q0的引力源，发现当4πρmR2/3＜4/9，而Q0/R也在一个由4πρmR2/3的函数给出的区间内变动时，引力源有Q0/M＞1，而其外部某一区域内出现LBK负能密度。这是LBK定义遇到的一个困难。

To attaining longlived charge separated states, the new compounds 7 and 8 of C60-S-2-thioxo-1, 3-dithioles derivatives were synthesized by Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction. The structures generated by AM1 were used as the initial configurations for the density functional optimization at the B3LYP/3-21G level for all carbon and sulfur clusters, and some geometry conformation indexes were obtained. We found that C60 has been half-packed by the curved 2-thioxo-1, 3-dithioles derivatives.

为了获得具有长寿命电荷分离态的[60]富勒烯－富硫衍生物有机功能分子，我们设计了用单键硫桥键联[60]富勒烯和硫酮衍生物的分子7和8，用半经验AM1方法得出最低能量的几何结构，在此基础上用密度泛函 B3LYP/3-21G方法，对其进行计算，得出电子相关的优化参数，预测其稳定性。

So the study of the interaction of SCHI with solid surfaces has attracted a lot of attention of many famous laboratories in the world. In previous studies on the interaction of slow highly charged ions with solid surfaces, a lot of attention has been paid to Auger electron emission and autoionization.

在低速高电荷态离子与固体表面相互作用过程中，大量的导带电子会转移到入射离子的外壳层空位上形成多电子激发的&空心原子&，并在飞秒时间和纳米尺度范围内在固体表层沉积几十至几百keV的能量，能流功率密度可达10〓W/cm〓，致使表面形成纳米量级的蚀坑。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。