电网

This article analyzes the present state and future development of 110 kV power network in China and in Shanghai.

摘 要：合理的高压配电电压等级对地区电网及地区经济发展都有重耍意义。

Based on decomposition-coordination model of an electric power system, the general augmented Lagrange method and auxiliary problem principle are adopted to form iterative distributed transfer capability computation framework, in which the influence on the internal system exposed by external system is considered through exchanging the information of boundary nodes.

该方法通过分解－协调模型实现互联电网的解耦，采用增广拉格朗日法和辅助问题原理实现输电能力按地理分区，形成一个迭代形式的分布式输电能力计算框架，迭代中通过交换边界节点信息将互联外网信息反映到各分区的计算中，各地的子网络计算相对独立。

For the single objective optimization, the decomposition and coordination method is adopted to build the decomposition and coordination model according to the existing sub-area division conditions of power networks. Then using the Augmented Lagrange method, the minimization problem of decomposition and coordination model can be changed to the saddle point problem of augmented Lagrangian function. Finally, the so called auxiliary problem principle is selected to decompose variables as well as the functions. This transforms the voltage and reactive optimization problem of the wholenetworks to some sub-problems in some sub-areas.

对于单目标无功电压优化，根据实际电网分区情况，采用分解协调法复制各分区的边界节点，建立分解协调模型，采用增广拉格朗日法将求分解协调模型的极小值问题转化为求增广拉格朗日函数的鞍点问题，然后采用辅助问题原理分解变量和增广拉格朗日函数，从而将全网无功电压优化问题分解为多个分区的分布式并行优化问题。

Our land is a big agricultural land and rural power enterprises play a vital role in China's power industry.

1前言我国是一个农业大国，农村供电企业在我国电力行业占有举足轻重的地位。目前，我国农村电网改造已进入了一个重要时期。

The statistics of electric power company show that more than 80% letting off customer is leaded by distribution network fault.

电力部门的统计资料表明，约80％以上的用户停电是由于配电网的故障造成的。

On the basis of analysis and comparison of conventional and some modern dielectric loss measurement methods in this paper, considering the difficulty consist in the dielectric loss measurement, such as the problem of the locale measurement of dielectric loss the suffering the interference of the electric field in the electrified wire net, the influence of harmonics and the leakiness of frequency spectrum due to the change of the frequency in power supply etc. a new measurement method which the frequency conversion anti-jamming technology combines the fundamental waves phase detachment method is presented.

论文在分析了传统介质损耗测量方法和现代介质损耗测量方法的基础上，针对介质损耗检测中存在的技术问题，如现场测量时工频电网强电场干扰问题、高次谐波影响问题、供电电源频率改变所引起的频谱泄漏和栅栏效应等问题，提出了采用变频抗干扰技术和基波相位分离法相结合的新型测量方法。

Discussion on the establishment of bidding document of hydraulic engineering;2. According to the requirements for porcelain-clad metal oxide lightning arresterin bidding document and technical agreement of 1000 kV UHVAC demonstration project issued by SGCC,and to refer to relevant national and international standard and document information,Langfang EPRI Toshiba Lightning Arrester Co.

根据国家电网公司1000 kV特高压交流试验示范工程招标文件及技术协议中对瓷外套金属氧化物避雷器的要求，参照有关国家标准、国际标准及文献资料，廊坊电科院东芝避雷器有限公司应用两项株式会社东芝已有运行实绩的关键技术：减震技术及高强度瓷套设计技术进行了1000 kV瓷外套MOA的抗地震设计。

Considering some factors,including the different operation mode and lightning strike location,also calculates and analyzes the infection of the impulse grounding resistance of transmission tower,the lightning arrester s arranging and parameter for protection effect.

采用PSCAD/EMTDC程序计算分析了西北电网兰州东-银川东输变电工程750kV银川东变电站330kV线路雷电侵入波过电压保护，考虑了不同运行方式、不同雷击点的情况，还计算分析了杆塔冲击接地电阻、避雷器的布置及参数对保护效果的影响。

Depending on the required reactive optimal control ask for power flow, this inquiry method is used in alternate iterating algorithm to calculate flow. By this method, there is not special need to deal numbering nodes of line, and there is not effect to program if add or reduce number of nodes.

针对配电网无功优化控制对潮流计算的要求，将上述这种节点链表查询法运用到交替迭代潮流计算方法中来，这种经过节点链表查询的潮流计算方法不需要进行特殊的线路编号，而且任意增减节点数对程序没有影响。

According to the principle of spread spectrum communication , the anti-interference performance of the technology is discussed and the composition of power line spread spectrum communication is described .

指出电网的高频通信特性及其抗干扰、抗衰耗对策是独立于高性能载波芯片的研究领域。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。