电离层

In this dissertation, EISCAT radar observations and computer numerical simulation methods are involved to study the climatologic characteristics of polar ionosphere and their mechanisms, as well as the polar ionospheric responses to magnetospheric particle precipitation and convection electric field. Then, with the help of the numerical computation, the EISCAT data are employed to invert the energy spectra of auroral precipitating particles and their responses to magnetic storms and substorms.

本文联合利用EISCAT雷达数据和计算机数值模拟手段，以雷达探测数据为基础，数据分析和数值模拟、理论研究相结合，研究了极区电离层气候学特征与机制，磁层粒子沉降和对流电场对极区电离层的影响，并利用雷达数据反演极光沉降粒子能谱特征及其对磁暴和亚暴的响应。

It is well known that the ionospheric electric fields and currents play important roles in the ionosphere electrodynamics.

电离层中的电场、电流及其相关电动力学过程对电离层的形态、结构与变化有着十分重要的影响。

Using the observed data obtained from stations all over the world and the related interplanetary and geomagnetic material, we study the response of global ionospheric F〓-layer parameter NmF〓 and hmF〓 to five typical different type geomagnetic disturbance events induced by different interplanetary magnetic cloud, by dividing the global ionosphere into high, middle and low latitude a ccording the variations of magnetic latitude, and adopting the UT/LT (universal time /local time) method.

利用全球电离层台站提供的观测资料及有关行星际、地磁观测资料，根据磁纬变化将全球分成高、中、低纬三个不同的区域，并采用了UT/LT的方法，分析了全球电离层F2层参数NmF2和hmF2对于五次由不同行星际磁云引起的不同类型地磁扰动事件的响应。

The first successful radio range-finding experiment occurred in 1924, when the British physicist Sir Edward Victor Appleton used radio echoes to determine the height of the ionosphere, an ionized layer of the upper atmosphere that reflects longer radio waves.

首次成功的无线电范围内调查试验发生在1924年，当英国物理学家尤德爵士维克多阿普尔顿使用的无线电回波，以确定高度，电离层，电离层的上层大气，反映了较长的无线电波。

A simulation study on the effects of particle precipitation on the polar ionosphere was carried out in this paper.

1前言极区电离层通过对流电场、沉降粒子、场向电流和磁层紧密耦合在一起，在太阳风-磁层-电离层的耦合过程中起重要作用。

It is suggested that when scintillation events are investigated, ionospheric TEC gradient is also one of considerable parameters.

我们认为研究电离层闪烁，特别是在缺乏S4指数时，电离层TEC梯度也可以作为一个重要的可选参数。

The signal reception of the ionosonde is emulated in this paper according to the process of ionospheric sounding.

本文依据电离层探测的实际过程，仿真研究了电离层探测系统的信号接收过程。

Ionospheric sounding has been playing an important role in the ionospheric research.

电离层研究是一门理论和实验相结合的学科，电离层探测在该学科中占有很重要的地位。

The CRI based Kriging method has been proposed for reconstruction of ionospheric f_oF_2 in China region.

提出了一种适合于中国地区电离层foF2的重构方法——以中国参考电离层为背景的改进克里格法。

These results show that:(1) the results retrieved from the Abel integral and absolute TEC inversion are consistent on the whole at higher orbits altitude (~800 km), and in good agreement with those measured by ionosondes; the results retrieved from absolute TEC inversion are in better agreement with those obtained from ionosondes than that by the Abel integral inversion at lower orbits attitude (~500 km);(2) the maximal electron density N m from absolute TEC inversion is closer to N mF2 from ionosondes than that from Abel integral inversion, and the method of the former is more rigorous and effective than that of the latter;(3) absolute TEC is more sensitive to cycle slip than Abel integral, but for the two ways significant loss of inversion precision due to cycle slip always exists.

结果表明：（1）在较高轨道高度（约800 km），Abel积分与绝对TEC方法的反演结果基本一致，都与电离层测高仪反演结果符合良好；在较低轨道高度（约500 km），绝对TEC反演精度优于Abel积分反演精度；（2）绝对TEC反演的最大电子密度 N m较Abel积分法获得的结果更接近于电离层测高获得的峰值电子密度 N mF2，绝对TEC反演法更加严密和有效；（3）周跳对绝对TEC反演结果的影响较Abel积分反演结果的影响更为敏感，但无论哪种方法，周跳对反演精度都造成严重损失。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。