电离层

With the GPS data and ionosonde data observed over China during large magnetic storm occurred on Apr.

作为论文的重点，本文在国际上首次利用GPS方法对耀斑期间的电离层状态进行了系统研究。

Can be used to describe the ionosphere and the magnetosphere of the electromagnetic field disturbance.

可用来描述电离层和磁层的电磁场扰动。

Image 3: Illustration of the magnetosphere shows its different regions.

在太阳暴中，来自地球电离层的粒子，主要是氧，也变得相当活跃。

The ability of the ionosphere to reflect these waves is dependent upon normal variations in the electron density at different levels.

电离层反射电波的能力取决于不同高度上电子密度的正常差别。

Some factors such as the Earth's oblateness, the ionospheric dalay, the large-scale horizontal refractive index gradients in the atmosphere, and atmospheric multipath can influence the precision of retrieval.

地球扁率、电离层传播时间延迟、大气大尺度水平梯度、多路径传播现象等因素在某些高度范围影响大气反演的精度。

GPS radio occultation measurements are brand-new and highly effective, which can detect atmosphere and ionosphere, but still in the development and perfection.

GPS无线电掩星技术是崭新的、高效的地球大气层和电离层探测技术，但仍在发展和完善之中。

Simulations and inversions based on observations for time-dependent 3-D CIT with ground-based GPS network and occultation observations have been performed in recent years.

结合GPS地面台网观测和GPS掩星技术的时变三维电离层层析是近年来发展起来的一种新技术，在电离层形态与扰动的监测研究方面有很大的科学意义和应用价值。

On the basis of setting up a model of the parallel transmission link of short-wave data communication system, this paper analyses the anti-noise performance of data communication in a non-selective Rayleigh gradually fading ionosphere channel, and derives the average error code rate formular and its curves.

在建立并发制短波数据通信系统模型的基础上，分析了非选择性瑞利慢衰落电离层信道中数据通信抗噪声性能，并导出了平均误码率公式，生成了误码率曲线，为雷达情报短波数据通信链路的仿真及效能评估提供理论依据

In this approach, double-differenced dual-frequency phase measurements and the known coordinates of reference stations as well as the precise ephemeris are used to rebuild observation equation, and then a Kalman filter is designed for the parameters estimation, i.e. ionosphere delay etc.

该算法使用双差双频相位、参考站精确的坐标和精密星历构造观测量，并用卡尔曼滤波来估计电离层参数，在给定显著水平的情况下，可以使用单个或少量历元以假设检验的方法探测和修复周跳。

The algorithm avoids the calculation of integral phase constant by exploiting the differential Doppler frequency data, thus its capability of detecting weaker ionospheric irregularities has been enhanced.

在数据采集过程中引入了GPS标准时间；重建算法的特点是利用差分多普勒频率数据避免了相位积分常数的计算，提高了对较弱的电离层扰动和不规则结构的检测能力。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。