电离

Re-estimation of risk coefficient of radon induced lung cancer was made by BEIR Ⅳ of theUnited States after calculation of data of 4 miner cohorts.

本文分析了美国电离辐射生物效应委员会发表的 BEIR Ⅳ报告。

The influence rule to powder quality and quantity from some technical parameters such as materials vapor tension, gas pressure, the ratio between hydrogen and argon, current intensity and gas circulate intensity were discussed by single-factor experiment, on the base of which the perpendicularity experiment scheme was arranged.

本文采用压力模型计算出稳定弧光制粉时的气相空间温度在373K以下；从电流密度和电导率角度计算出等离子体电弧场中心温度高达5000-6500K；由此得出弱电离等离子体自由弧的自身温度场即使没有外界强制冷却，在等离子体焰区特征半径(约1.26cm)范围内的温度梯度就可达4787℃/cm，这是电弧等离子体温度场分布高度集中的具体表现，也是纳米金属粉末无须液氮冷却就能生成的本质原因，阐释了等离子体温度场自身的极大温度梯度是金属粉体纳米化的控制机制。

The state of the expanding metallic vapor, 2-D temperature, density and ionization in target, is determined by the energy deposit of EB and the ionization rate due to injecting electrons.

其中根据入射电子束的沉积能量及入射电子的电离率等计算随时间变化的靶区二维宏观参数。

The technique problems such as quick charging of high voltage capacitor, uniform discharge in high pressure large aperture zone, uniform flow of high pressure gas, and laser resonator, high energy pulse output and high repetition pulse output, were solved by applications of ultraviolet preionization, two-circuit series and parallel discharge structure of graphite Ernst electrode, folded resonator that embodies super-thin water-cooled non-deforming mirror, closed circle direct cooling system of double loop and high-voltage high-current switch power supply.

采用紫外预电离双路Ernst石墨电极串并联放电结构、超薄水冷不变形镜折叠腔、双回路直冷式封闭循环流动系统和高压大电流快脉冲开关电源等技术，解决了高功率高压电容充电、高气压大体积均匀辉光放电、高气压高速均匀流场、激光谐振腔和高脉冲能量、高重复频率脉冲激光输出等技术难题。

Methods The calibrated LiF grain was enclosed with PVC tube and put into the esophagus near to targeted center, CT simulation and 3D-TPS design carried out and three-field radiation ,one anteriorly and two posteriorly, by 6-MV-X-ray of linear accelerator was done after confirmation by EPID.

标准电离室标刻LiF颗粒聚氯乙烯管封装，通过硅胶管置入食管腔近靶区中心，行CT模拟 3D TPS计划设计，电子射野影像系统确认后加速器 6 MV X线前一后二三野照射，TLD读数。

Two novel well-defined star-graft copolymers with poly as main chain are successfully prepared by combination of anionic and atom transfer radical polymerization. Anionic copolymerized 2,5-epoxypropyl-1-ethoxyethyl ether with EO by initiation of mixture of diphenylmethylpotassium and polyol [1,1,1-trispropane or pentaerythritol] to give the well-defined three-arm star poly and four-arm star poly.

用核磁共振(~1H NMR)、红外光谱、元素分析、气相色谱—质谱、凝胶渗透色谱和基质辅助激光解吸附电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)等手段对中间产物及最终产物进行了详细地表征，证明了这种合成聚醚为主链的接枝共聚物的方法是可行的，并且是成功的。2。

Structrures General decolorizeddisperse is not only a relatively simple, and numberrepresentationof and is non-ionizing, so a certain degree the vapor pressure of sublimation phenomenon occurred.

凑拢染料不仅是不合子结构比力单一，而且又不含电离性基团，所以有必定的蒸汽不抬不入不隐凝华不隐象。

By taking the effects of Ge fraction and strain on the energy band structure and effective masses into account, the analytical model of the effective densities of states of the conduction and valence bands are proposed, and the temperature and Ge fraction dependence of the effective densities of states are also studied. Following this, the temperature and Ge fraction dependence of intrinsic carrier concentration in strained SiGe layers are analytically calculated. Furthermore, carder freezeout effect and the minority carrier trapping effect of the shallow-level compensated imputities in strained SiGe layers at low temperatures are investigated.

其中，分析了应变SiGe层的临界厚度、能带结构、禁带宽度及禁带变窄模型；在考虑了Ge组份和应力对应变SiGe层能带结构的影响后，给出了较为精确的SiGe应变层的导带和价带有效状态密度的模型，并研究了有效状态密度与Ge组份及温度的变化关系；分析了应变SiGe层的本征载流子浓度及重掺杂下的禁带变窄；讨论了低温下应变SiGe层中的载流子冻析效应，并计算了SiGe应变层的电离杂质浓度与Ge组份及温度的关系；研究了应变SiGe层低温浅能级补偿杂质的陷阱效应；给出了应变SiGe层多数和少数载流子迁移率以及少数载流子寿命模型。

It is formed by a process of "self-ionization".

&它是由&自身电离生成的。

Ionization Potentials and electron affinities of 103 elements are calculated by density functional theory at local density approximation level and the LDA/AN level with further non- local corrections for exchange and correlation included self- consistently.

应用密度泛函理论的 DFT- LDA、 DFT- LDA/NL和改进的 Slater过渡态方法，把元素的电离能和电子亲合能的计算扩展到周期表的 103种元素。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。