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Critical voltage for a simply supported rectangular thin plate under uniform electric field is presented by using Navier solutions.

基于经典板理论，假设材料的电弹参数为板厚方向坐标的幂函数，采用含压电耦合项的修正层合理论，推导了压电功能梯度薄板在电载荷作用下的屈曲方程，并利用Navier解，得到四边简支矩形薄板在均匀电场下的屈曲临界电压。

The unoperated sides of the treated animals also served as controls. Six normal rats were treated as normal control group. Three different siRNA plasmid solution containing RC2-Ⅰ, MAFbx-Ⅱ, CON (50μl , 0.8μg/μl)was injected and transfected by electroporation as methods mentioned above, respectively. The changes of RC2 and MAFbx mRNA levels and RC2 protein levels after 3 days were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively. On postoperative 2, 3 and 4 weeks, the rate of wet muscle weight preservation, mean diameter of muscle fiber and mean cross-section area of muscle fiber and muscle protein content were checked and then compared between group CON and group RC2 or group MAFbx, respectively. The differences between groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Ultrastructural changes of muscle fiber were observed at 2, 3, 4 weeks postoperation.Results GFP plasmid was efficiently deliverd into muscle by electroporation and robust GFP expression in muscle could be observed more than three weeks. Histology shows that injected plasmid DNA diffuses extensively in muscle tissue.

1、健康雌性SD大鼠18只，随机分为电穿孔组和非电穿孔组，每组9只，制作右下肢趾长伸肌失神经支配模型；EP组为将质粒pEGFP-N1溶液50μl(0.8μg／μl)注射入右趾长伸肌后，立即于两侧腱腹交接处给予电穿孔，电穿孔参数为：电场强度为200V／Cm，脉冲100μs，频率1Hz，施加10次脉冲；NEP组仅质粒pEGFP-N1溶液注射；转染后1、2、3周，荧光显微镜下观察趾长伸肌中GFP的表达情况，转染后1周行Western印迹检测趾长伸肌中GFP蛋白的表达情况，检测和优化体内转染效率。2、健康雌性SD大鼠78只，随机分为失神经对照组、RC2基因治疗组(RC2组)，MAFbx基因治疗组，每组24只，制作右下肢趾长伸肌失神经支配模型，余6只为正常组；分别将含CON、RC2、MAFbx基因的siRNA重组质粒注射入趾长伸肌，之后给予电穿孔，方法同上；治疗后3天实时定量PCR和Western印迹检测各组中RC2或MAFbx基因的mRNA和蛋白的表达变化，治疗后2、3、4周检测各组肌湿重维持率、肌细胞直径和肌细胞截面积，肌细胞超微结构变化以及肌纤维中蛋白含量变化。

In the present study, tungsten oxide nanomaterials were synthesized by a modified plasma arc gas condensation technique. The effects of the plasma currents (70~90 A), chamber pressures (200~600 torr), production time（3~12 min）, oxygen partial pressure Ar:O2（1~6:1）and plasma including the hydrogen（0~10 %）on the preparation of tungsten oxide nanostructures were investigated. Pre-treatment on the tungsten oxide nanorods for surface modification was investigated by atmospherical plasma jet. The optical, filed emission, and gas sensing characteristics of tungsten oxide nanopowders were also examined.

本研究系利用电浆电弧气凝合成法来制备氧化钨奈米材料，分别探讨不同腔体压力（200~600 torr）、电浆电流（70~90 A）、制备时间（3~12 min）、氧分压Ar：O2（1~6：1）、电浆气含氢量（0~10 %）对於产物的形貌、相态影响，并使用常压低温电浆设备对氧化钨奈米棒进行表面处理，且针对氧化钨奈米材料的光学、场发射以及使用自行组装气体感测量测设备量测其气体感测特性。

Aligned cells are electroporated and subsequently electrofused within high electric field strength.

细胞电融合利用细胞在相对电极之间的介电电泳，诱导细胞按特定方向排列，通过电极间产生的较高场强的电脉冲使相互接触的细胞发生电穿孔，进而发生电融合。

The hot water feedway concludes sub control, keyboard circuit, display circuit, control driven circuit, signal amplifier, shaping circuit, A/D translation circuit, current switch S, temperature sensor W1, temperature sensor W2, temperature sensor W3, water-level sensor H1, electric control valve Y1, electric tee control valve Y2, electric control valve Y3, pump M and heater band.

本发明涉及一种电水箱，特别涉及一种不浪费热水管中存留的冷水直接为用户提供热水的电水箱热水直供装置，它包括微控制器、键盘电路、显示电路、控制驱动电路、信号放大、整形电路、A/D转换电路、水流开关S、温度传感器W1、温度传感器W2、温度传感器W3、水位传感器H1、电控阀Y1、三通电控阀Y2、电控阀Y3、水泵M和加热带。

The results are as follows:(1) Long train electrical stimulation at the vMNF inhibitited the myoelectric activities of genioglossus markedly.

结果如下：(1)长串电脉冲刺激vMNF导致颏舌肌肌电活动明显被抑制；(2)在vMNF内微量注射谷氨酸钠，颏舌肌肌电活动出现明显的抑制效应；(3)单脉冲电刺激vMNF引起颏舌肌抑制反应的潜伏期为(20.6±0.4)ms。

Intraosseous electric phenomena mainly include piezoelectric effect, electrokinetic effect and bioelectricity.

骨内电现象主要包括压电效应、动电效应和生物电，这些电生理特性被广泛的应用于骨的治疗。

Both kinds of rats were inbred to construct the new inbred strains from Sprague-Dawley outbred strain background. In the first section, conventional visual electrophysiology was observed in CSNB and RCD rat.

在课题的第一部分，我们对这两种动物的视觉电生理性状进行了观察，包括：常规视觉电生理，CSNB大鼠的暗适应多焦点视网膜电图和明适应多焦点视网膜电图，RCD大鼠的不同颜色刺激光暗适应多焦点视网膜电图。

A practical charged membrane which prepared from the blends of sulphonated polyphenylene sulfide/poly can be considered as a 3D lattices. The experimental conductivity was related with a 3D simulation and the result showed the membrane has a transition from insulator to conductor at the ratio of charged components SPPS about 0.144. Obviously, this value falls in the range of a theoretical simulation for a 3D lattices.

由於实际的荷电膜也可看作为三维格栅体系，因此，可用三维格栅体系程序对不同荷电分率膜的电导数据进行拟合，结果表明，对於实际的磺化聚苯硫醚／聚醚碸共混膜，当荷电组分SPPS的分率达到0.144时，共混膜即会从不良导体变为良导体，显然该值落在理论值0.1~0.2，因此，理论模拟结果与实际荷电膜传质的实验数据相吻合。

We approach the problem based on the perception that electric field induced microstructure evolution at the crack tip will lead to fracture and fatigue. It follows that a micrograph of intensified electric field induced domain switching at the crack tip is obtained, a theoretical model of domain switching induced fracture is proposed, and the failure mechanisms of electric fracture, electric fatigue and crack kinking are revealed.

论文从电场驱动的裂尖微结构演化导致电致失效这一基本思路出发，获得了裂尖集中电场诱发铁电畴变的实验图像，提出了电致畴变断裂的理论模型，阐明了铁电陶瓷电致断裂，疲劳裂纹扩展和裂纹偏折的失效机理。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐