电流

On the basis of the above results of detecting methods, the instruction signal calculating circuit is designed according to i〓, i〓 calculating mode. Compensation current generating circuit is also designed and implemented. Its current following circuit is designed according to the instantaneous value comparing mode that used constant time control. The source current detection based control mode and composite control mode and their implementation are firstly introduced in our country. The method and the principle of dc side capacitor voltage control are explained clearly.

根据检测方法的研究成果，采用i〓、i〓运算方式构成并联型电力有源滤波器的指令电流运算电路；对补偿电流发生电路进行了电路设计和实施，其中电流跟踪控制电路采用电流跟随性能好、可靠性高的定时控制瞬时值比较方式；在国内首次研究并实施检测电源电流控制方式和复合控制方式；清楚地阐明了并联型电力有源滤波器直流侧电压控制的原理和方法，并在装置中实施。

The main work can be summed up as follows: Firstly, we studied the thermal-field properties of VCSELs, and analyzed the influences of current spreading, material parameters and operating conditions on the temperature distributions. Secondly, we began with the electrode voltage and calculated the equipotential s distributions, compared the distributions of voltages and current densities in different depths of VCSELs, and then studied the influences of the oxide-confining region with different position or thickness, and the different sizes of the gain-guided aperture and emitting window on the distributions of the injected current density, carrier concentration and temperature in the active region. Thirdly, we realized the coupling of electricity, optical and thermal-fields, worked out the threshold voltage, calculated the distributions of the injected current density, carrier concentration and temperature under different offset voltages, and analyzed the impacts of temperature profile and carrier density on the refractive index, Fermi levels and optical-field. Finally, we gave the equipotential line distributions with considering N-DBR and double oxidized-confining regions, and analyzed theinfluences of N-DBR and double oxide-confining regions on the distributions of the current density, carrier concentration, temperature and optical-field.

具体工作可以概括如下：首先，研究了VCSEL的热场特性，分析了电流扩展，材料参数和工作条件对于温度分布的影响；其次，从电极电压入手，计算出激光器中的等势线分布，并对不同深度处的电压和电流分布进行比较，研究了高阻区的不同位置和不同厚度、限制层和出射窗口半径的大小对电流密度、载流子浓度和温度分布的影响；再次，实现了电、光、热耦合，求出了阈值电压，计算了不同偏置电压下的电流密度分布、载流子浓度分布和热场分布，分析了温度和载流子浓度变化对折射率、费米能级和光场的影响；最后，给出了考虑N-DBR和双氧化限制层时激光器中的等势线分布，分析了N-DBR和双氧化限制层对VCSEL电流密度、载流子浓度、温度和光场分布的影响。

At last, we gets the coefficients of rectifying curve ploynomial through the curves fitting of three order Hermite interpolation polynomial, second order interpolation polynomial, and presents a fitting methods of small current working.

本文对高压电动机测量用电流互感器在小电流工作时电流比值误差和角度误差进行了研究，通过对引起误差的各参数的深入分析，得到误差与电流的关系，并通过三次Hermite 多项式插值法、二次多项式插值法的曲线拟合，得到曲线多项式的各系数，提出一种小电流工作时的拟合方法。

Furthermore, by using Natori theory on the field-effect transistor we study the current-voltage characteristics of deformed carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. For strain deformation, the conductivity of zigzag nanotube presents different characteristics with the remainder of n and 3. For armchair nanotubes, the conductivity does not change with the strain parameter. However, for torsion deformation, the conductivity rapidly increases, specially for the armchair tube. It has many obviously different conductivity behaviors between zigzag tubes and armchair tubes.

进一步应用场效应晶体管Natori理论模拟计算形变碳纳米管场效应晶体管的电流-电压特性的影响，zigzag碳管根据n 与3的余数关系表现出不同的电流变化趋势，而对于armchair碳管轴向拉伸不改变电流；在扭转形变时，碳管电流急剧升高，特别是armchair管。zigzag和armchair管的电流随扭转角度和外电压行为明显不同。

In summary, the drive current by Alfvén waves can be enhanced by plasma rotation The negative magnetic shear is favorable for the efficiency of the current drive by Alfvén waves Moreover, in the reversed shear configuration the current drive due to Alfvén waves in an rotation plasma can obviously change the plasma current profile The Alfvén wave current drive may be useful in controlling the current profile in order to suppress magnetohydrodynamic instabilities.

另外，我们还发现负剪切区域愈大，同时安全因子极小值q〓愈小，对阿尔芬波电流驱动愈好。总之，等离子体极向旋转能够增强阿尔芬波电流驱动，负磁剪切对阿尔芬波电流驱动是有利的。另外，反磁剪切位形下旋转等离子体的阿尔芬波电流驱动可以明显改善等离子体电流剖面。

Test results show the linearity of COCT is better than IEC 0.2 class limit, and is suitable to the applications, in which the voltages are higher than 220 kV, the COCT accuracy is almost not affected by the existence of neighbor phases. The temperature test result tells in the temperature range of 50 ℃ the error of COCT is less than 1%, much better than an uncompensated one 16%. And thus the effectiveness of COCT is verified.

试验结果表明：比较式光学电流互感器的线性度可达到IEC 0.2级要求；在光学电流互感器适用的220 kV以上电压等级应用场合，比较式光学电流互感器具有较好的抗干扰性能；在50 ℃温度变化范围内，普通光学电流互感器的误差变化量高达16%，而比较式光学电流互感器的误差变化仅有1%，证实了基于比较法的补偿方案的有效性。

This ideal input current will make sure nearly with between phase and undistorted wave of input voltage.

为了提高用电设备的效率以及减少所造成的谐波污染，在本文中提出了一个高效能的主动功率因数校正电路，本架构是以电压电流以及负载的关系，将输入电压以及输出负载经由运算后得到理想的输入电流，使得输入电流几乎与输入电压同相位且无失真，藉此消除输入电压与输入电流之相位差与电流失真，以减少电力的虚功消耗以及谐波成份。

Week 14 Magnetic effect of current, Ampere molecule current hypothesis, current intensity and current density vector, condition of steady current, magnetic field of steady current, magnetic induction vector B;Biot-Savar- Laplace law and its application.

第14周电流的磁效应；安培分子电流假说；电流强度和电流密度矢量；稳恒电流的条件；稳恒电流的磁场；磁感应强度矢量B；毕奥-萨伐尔-拉普拉斯定律及应用。

Week 1 Magnetic effect of current, Ampere molecule current hypothesis, current intensity and current density vector, condition of steady current, magnetic field of steady current, magnetic induction vector B;Biot-Savar- Laplace law and its application.

电流的磁效应；安培分子电流假说；电流强度和电流密度矢量；稳恒电流的条件；稳恒电流的磁场；磁感应强度矢量B；毕奥-萨伐尔-拉普拉斯定律及应用。

For vortex-liquid phase,the E-J relation could be described according to the Kim-Anderson model:U=U0(1-J/JC).While for vortex-glass phase,the electric field decays verydramatically with decreasing current density,so it is difficult to be observed with theinstrument has limited precision.In the intermediate current region,the E-Jrelations of the both phases could be fitted in terms of a phenomenological model:U=(U0/μ)[μ-1],it was concluded that the sign of μ-value changes fromnegative to positive when the temperature decreases lower than the glass-transitiontemperature Tg,meanwhile,the activation energy U enhances dramatically.Whilein the large current region,Zeldov's logarithmic model was suitable for fitthing theE-J curves of the both phase.Moreover,there was no abrupt change of U or thecharacteristic current density IC.However,the effective radius of vortex line variesremarkably around Tg.

对于涡旋液体相，小电流区的E-J关系可以用计及反跳的Kim-Anderson模型U＝U0(1-J/JC)来描述，而对于涡旋玻璃相，小电流区的电场随电流密度减小而迅速衰减，以致很快脱离了实验测量精度的范围；在中等电流区，两相的E-J关系可以用共同的唯象过渡模型U＝(U0/μ)[μ-1]来拟合，得到在玻璃转变温度Tg两侧μ值由正到负的变化，同时激活能U在Tg以下迅速升高；在较高电流区，两相的E-J关系可以很好的用Zeldov对数模型来描述，拟合结果表明U在Tg两侧的趋势没有明显变化，但是涡旋线的有效半径发生了显著变化。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。