电极的

This special ordered nanoporous structure creates the fast electrochemical accessibility of the electrolyte and OH- ions not only to the surface of the electrode materials but also to the bulk of the CoOH2 phase,which is very helpful for making full use of the electroactive sites to take place the faradic reaction,providing an important morphological foundation for a high specific capacitance.

这种独特的有序纳米孔结构不仅提供了电解液和OH-离子快速进出电极表面的通道，而且可以使活性离子扩散到CoOH2的本体相，充分利用电极材料的电活性位发生氧化还原反应，为该材料高比电容的实现提供了重要的形貌基础。

By Faradic impedance technique,a significant increase of the interracial electronic transfer resist- ance R_ was determined when the SH-ssDNA probe/Au electrode hybridized with its comple- mentary sequence.

实验中对DNA探针的自组装时间、杂交温度、杂交时间和阻抗测量液等实验条件进行了观察和优化；通过选择自组装液中SH-ssDNA探针和RSH的浓度，减少DNA在金电极表面的非特异性吸附，同时保证金电极表面自组装的SH-ssDNA探针有合适的疏密度，提高了杂交效率。

A gate insulating film is formed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate in an opening of a field insulating film, and thereafter a gate electrode and a capacitor lower electrode made of doped polysilicon or the like are formed on the insulating film.

本发明公开了一种半导体器件的制造方法。在场绝缘膜的开口中在半导体衬底的表面上形成栅极绝缘膜，且其后在绝缘膜上形成由掺杂的多晶硅等制成的栅电极和电容器下电极。

The technological processes for preparing the electrode nipple pin including the selection of the raw materials, formulation ratio, additive and foamer were determined. The results showed that the electrode nipple pin prepared exhibits high binding effect,which reached the object.

确定了电极接头栓的原料选择、原料配比、添加剂和发泡剂的选取；确定了电极接头栓的生产技术要求和生产工艺流程；试验证明了研制的高性能接头栓具有高粘结、强固结、有效补强的作用。

The simulation experiments of various kinds of electrode system under different pressure show that the gas inceptive when the gap is fixed, discharge voltage is proportional to the pressure; because the degree of uniformity of electrical field is different among the electrode systems, the changing trend of the inceptive discharge voltage with the pressure is unlikeness.

对各种电极在不同压力下进行模拟实验，实验表明：通常情况下，给定间隙，气体的起始放电电压随着压力的增大而增大；不同的电极系统，由于电场的均匀程度不同，起始放电电压随压力变化的趋势也不同。

According to the damage phenomena at the edge of electrodes, the thermal injection and relaxation characteristics of majority carriers were discussed. An injection model induced by minority carriers was proposed, which emphasized the surface field enhancement effect by non-equilibrium carrier channel, possibly leading to the ionization of the ambient gas above the filament channel.

结合电极边缘细丝状的破坏现象，讨论了电极边缘的热注入和内部多数载流子的弛豫特性，提出了少子引导的注入模型，强调了非平衡载流子通道引起的表面电场增强效应，可引起外部气体电离形成电离通道。

Corona discharge characteristics of beam-plate electrode in electrostatic oiler have been studied from the plasma body theory.

依等离子体理论，研究了静电涂油机梁板电极电晕的放电特性，同时计算得到了梁板电极电晕放电的起晕场强和起晕电压，定性的揭示了油液荷电的雾化机理，为静电涂油机的研制改造提供了参考依据。

The invention has the advantages that by means of single film growth craft, supporting structures of a pier, a bridge leg, and a deck are accomplished, thus greatly lowering the difficulty and complicity of the craft; the pier, the bridge leg, and the deck are formed into a trinity, thus assuring the mechanical support of the whole micro bridge to be firmer and to have higher stability; meanwhile, the pier manufactured by means of the single film growth craft has a hollow shape, thus ensuring that the manufacturing process of the electrical channel of the micro-bridge structure is more simple, without the need of tapping in the pier; only simple photoetching craft is needed to guarantee the connection between the electrode at the upper end and the electrode at the lower end.

本发明利用一次薄膜生长工艺完成桥墩、桥腿和桥面的支撑结构，大大降低了工艺难度和复杂性，且桥墩、桥腿和桥面三位一体，使得整个微桥的机械支撑更为牢固，稳定性更高；同时，本发明利用一次薄膜生长工艺制作出的桥墩成空心状，使得微桥结构的电学通道制作过程变得更为简单，无需另外在桥墩中开孔，只需简单的光刻工艺即可保证上端电极和下端电极相连。

A quartz crystal oscillating plate, having a plurality of electrode patterns, is mounted to the electrode terminals of the first ceramic base within the top cavity through a plurality of metal bumps such that a remaining part of the oscillating plate except for the terminals is spaced apart from the ceramic base by a gap.

通过多个金属块将具有多个电极图案的石英晶体振荡片安装到顶部空腔内的第一陶瓷基底的电极端子上，从而使振荡片的除了端子之外的其余部分与陶瓷基底间隔一个间隙。

The thermodynamics and the dynamics mechanism have been studied.The results show that it is advisable for the HCHO and NaH_2PO_2 as the reduction due to the electrode potential of the reduction is more negative than that of Cu~ 2+ from the analysis of data in thermodynamics.It is advantage for the reaction of electroless copper in the alkaline solution. According to the analysis of Tafel slope of a cathodal polarization curve,...

结果表明：从热力学数据分析看，还原剂的电极电位皆比铜离子负，用甲醛、次亚磷酸钠做还原剂还原Cu2+在热力学上是可行的，在碱性溶液中对化学镀铜反应有利；从阴极极化曲线的Tafel斜率分析看，Cu2+=Cu+步骤为阴极反应的速度控制环节；从镀液的旋转圆盘电极测试结果分析看，电子跃迁步骤H2CO-ad rdsHCOOH+1/2H2+e-为镀液中阳极反应速度的控制性步骤。

Shop assistant: Please check at the door.

店员：请您到门口柜台交费。

In the end, transportation of PAHs in the environmental matrix was preliminarily investigated and discussed according to PAHs data of soils and sediments from a certain region in Shanghai. The result indicated that there are two or more pathways on PAHs transportation in the environmental matrix.

最后，对上海特定地区内PAHs在环境介质中的迁移径途进行了分析讨论，结果表明上海市土壤和沉积物等环境介质中PAHs的迁移存在多种途径。