电极的

Although it has achieved progress of reducing the acid mist, water loss rate, self-discharge rate, and improving the discharge capacity, but it has also brought a series of new problems:poor ability of the electrode gel penetration, weak

它虽然在减少酸雾，降低失水率，减少自放电率，提高放电容量等方面取得了进步，但又带来了胶体向电极渗透能力差，与AGM隔板匹配能力弱和电极反应速度慢等一系列新的问题。

In this thesis,based on the DFT+NEGF first-principles method,we construct a lead-molecule-lead sandwich system with single benzene-based molecule to investigate the relationship between the structure and properties of the molecular devices and the factors that influence properties of the molecular devices.Our computational investigations on these molecular devices are primarily concentrated on the effect of contact geometry between molecules and electrodes,the effect of side groups,the effect of different torsion angle between two phenyl rings and the effect of external electric field.This thesis consists of five chapters:In Chapter one,we mainly introduce the research background and development of the molecular electronics,including the experimental fabrication of molecular electronic components and theoretical simulation methods.Afterwards we discuss the questions that need to be solved in this area.Finally,the main contents of this thesis are listed.In Chapter two,we introduce the theoretical methods used in this thesis, including the main first-principles calculation methods,i.e.,the Density-Functionmethod and nonequilibrium Green\'s function.

本论文拟采用密度泛函理论和非平衡格林函数相结合的第一性原理计算方法，选取苯基小分子作为研究对象，构建了金属电极/有机小分子/金属电极三明治结构体系，系统地研究了苯基分子器件结构的改变与分子电输运性质之间的关系以及影响分子器件电输运性质的相关因素，其中重点研究了分子与电极间可能的接触结构改变、官能团、分子间的扭转角以及外电场对苯基分子电输运性质的影响，本论文主要包括以下五个章节的内容：第一章为综述部分，主要介绍了分子电子学产生的背景、分子器件的研究意义、当前研究分子器件的实验和主要理论方法，以及目前在研究分子器件中存在的一些问题，最后给出了本论文的主要研究内容和技术路线。

The biosensor is made of a platinum electrode modified by glucucose oxidase in polyvinyl butyral membrane.

用聚乙烯醇缩丁醛为固定葡萄糖氧化酶的载体，将GOD附在铂丝电极上制得葡萄糖酶电极。

Part two reports that a glucose oxidase electrode is made of a platinum electrode modified by glucose oxidase in polyvinyl butyral membrane and tris(2,2-bipyridyl)cobalt perchlorate as an electron mediator in the solution.

其次，研究了以聚乙烯醇缩丁醛为固定GOD的载体，将GOD附在铂丝电极上并采用高氯酸三-2，2'-联吡啶合钴[Co_3(ClO_4)_3]作为电子媒介体制得电流型葡萄糖酶电极。

Ferrocyanide works as an eletroactive mediator. Cholesterol (concentration range from Omg/dl to 400mg/dl) is detected by an amperometric method. Reaction principles, modification of electrode surface and enzyme immobilization are discussed. Parameters of electropolymerization and other factors which may influence the response of the biosensor are analyzed.

论文对电化学反应机理、传感器的电极、电极表面的电化学修饰、酶的固定化方法都做了详尽的阐述，并对电聚合过程的各项参数的选择、电极表面不同修饰物的作用以及影响实验结果的其他因素做了细致的分析。

According to the wire electrode on the trajectory of the different forms of control, WEDM can be divided into three types:* is a copy-control, cutting their lines in advance to create the shape of the workpiece and the same mode *, When the rough machining parts and die at the same time * Clamping in the machine tool table, in the process of cutting wire electrode tightly * close to the edge of model for mobile track, thus cutting out the model * with the same shape and precision to work; another One is the optical tracking control, the cutting in line before the first parts in accordance with drawings by a certain ratio of enlarge depicts an electro-optical tracking maps, drawings will be processed when the machine electro-optical tracking placed on the stage, followed on the stage The first photo has to follow the ink line graphics track movement, and then through the use of electrical, mechanical linkage to control the machine tool table work together with the relative electrode wire Xiang Sixing do sports in order to cut out the pattern and shape of the workpiece to the same; a re - Is a digital process control, advanced digital automatic control technology, machine-driven process in accordance with the geometry of the workpiece before the parameters of good pre-processing CNC automatic completion of the processing, production do not look like without drawing board also plans to enlarge, in front of more than two Control in the form of higher precision processing and broad scope of application, at home and abroad for more than 95% of WEDM have been using digital technology.

根据对电极丝运动轨迹的控制形式不同，电火花线切割机床又可分为三种：一种是*模仿形控制，其在进行线切割加工前，预先制造出与工件形状相同的*模，加工时把工件毛坯和*模同时装夹在机床工作台上，在切割过程中电极丝紧紧地贴着*模边缘作轨迹移动，从而切割出与*模形状和精度相同的工件来；另一种是光电跟踪控制，其在进行线切割加工前，先根据零件图样按一定放大比例描绘出一张光电跟踪图，加工时将图样置于机床的光电跟踪台上，跟踪台上的光电头始终追随墨线图形的轨迹运动，再借助于电气、机械的联动，控制机床工作台连同工件相对电极丝做相似形的运动，从而切割出与图样形状相同的工件来；再一种是数字程序控制，采用先进的数字化自动控制技术，驱动机床按照加工前根据工件几何形状参数预先编制好的数控加工程序自动完成加工，不需要制作模样板也无需绘制放大图，比前面两种控制形式具有更高的加工精度和广阔的应用范围，目前国内外95％以上的电火花线切割机床都已采用数控化。

The integrated optical chip we designed in the dissertation is composed of a symmetrical Y-branch power splitter, two phase modulators and the TE/TM mode polarizer. Here the up-electrode of phase modulator covers the rib waveguide directly. For the metal-cladded rib waveguide, the loss of different mode is different.

由于相位调制器采用上下电极结构，上电极直接覆盖在脊波导之上；因此利用金属覆盖的脊波导对不同偏振模式的光具有不同的传输损耗这一特性，将相位调制器的上电极同时作为TE/TM模式偏振器使用，这样无需制作额外的偏振器，整个器件的尺寸可以减小。

Three-phase embed electrode salt bath furnace use the salt class as heating impregnant, according to the different operating temperature, could select different ingredient salt or compound salt, the salt is not electric beforemelting, therefore the salt bath furnace must use the starting-electrode to melt when using, because the electricity bring quantity of heat unceasingly through electric dissolving salt, so can maintain the dissolving state, because of electrode under the electromagnetic effect,make the dissolving saltcycle unceasingly through natural convection and magnetism mix round,therefore can well-proportioned heat workpiece rapidly.

三项埋入式电极盐浴炉采用盐类作加热剂，根据不同的工作温度，可选用不同成份的盐或混合盐，盐在熔化前是不导电的，因此盐浴炉使用时必须使用起动电极溶化，由于电流通过导电的溶盐不断产生热量，故可保持溶化状态，因电极在电磁力的作用下，通过自然对流和电磁搅拌而使熔盐不断循环，故可迅速和均匀的加热工件。

The structure of the thin film capacitor 1 of this invention is: form sequentially at least the bottom electrode layer 102, the high dielectrics constant oxide film 103 and the upper electrode layer 105 on the semiconductor substrate 101; said upper electrode layer 105 which is a film layer 104 formed by the electrical conductive material which is processable by reactive ion etching, or a multilayered film composed of two kinds of film layers 107 and 108, which are each formed of a conductive material which is processable by at least two kinds of reactive ion etching.

要约 薄膜电容器1是至少在半导体基片101上按顺序形成下部电极层102、高介电常数氧化物膜层103、上部电极层105而构成的薄膜电容器，该上部电极层105由一种仅由可用反应性离子刻蚀加工的导电性材料形成的膜层104，或至少两种由可用反应性离子刻蚀加工的导电性材料分别形成层状的多层膜层107和108构成；经历350℃的热试验之后，对该薄膜电容器1施加OV到2V的驱动电压的薄膜电容器漏电电流密度为1×10 －8 A/cm 2 以下。

In this situation,the electrode potential at equilibrium(i.e,when the rate of the anodic reaction equals the rate of the cathodic reaction) will be shifted from the standard electrode potential and can be defined by the Nernst equation:(5)where E0 is the standard electrode potnetial ,RT/F is a constant,n is the number of electrons transferred ,and a is the activity of the anodic and cathodic reactants.

在这个情况，电极电位在平衡(即，当正极反应的率合计负极反应的率)从标准电极电位将被转移，并且可以由能斯脱等式定义：(5) E0是标准电极potnetial的地方， RT/F是常数， n是转移的电子的数量，并且a是正极和负极反应剂的活动。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。