电弧光谱

Based on the characteristic of GMAW arc spectrum, the method of the direct pool vision detection was proposed.

中文摘要：针对熔化极富氩气体保护焊接电弧光谱特点，设计了直接视觉检测法用于熔池图像的检测，获得了清晰的熔池图像。

Firstly, electrization knowledge related to the research is introduced. After a deep study on various contact loss detection techniques, especially on the electric arcs detection techniques, we draw the conclusion that the untouched detection technique based on phototube sensor can acquire exact contact loss information, and will to be the leading technique for contact loss measurement in future. Secondly, combining with the special railways system in our country, we analyze the cause of the arcs, and the influence on the power supply system and the on board traction drive due to the arcs in detail, and study the arcs' spectrum characteristic. We also analyze detecting principles and put forward with a method - using phototube sensor to detect the contact loss arcs, conceive the configurations and detection flows of the measurement.

文章通过对电气化铁道相关知识的了解及对国内外离线检测技术的深入了解，尤其是对离线电弧检测技术的了解，总结出了基于光电传感器的非接触离线电弧检测系统能够得到准确的弓网离线情况，并且是国内外检测技术的发展方向；文章详细的分析了离线电弧产生的原因，电弧对机车牵引动力的影响情况，研究了我国铁路系统中离线电弧的光谱特征分布；分析了系统的检测原理，提出了采用光电传感器实现对离线电弧进行检测的方法，并设计了"电力机车弓网离线电弧检测装置"的检测功能和管理功能，规划了系统的组成结构及检测流程。

Based on the characteristic of GMAW arc spectrum, the method of the direct pool vision detection was proposed.

针对熔化极富氩气体保护焊接电弧光谱特点，设计了直接视觉检测法用于熔池图像的检测，获得了清晰的熔池图像。

These achievements provided proofs for earlier guesses of this phenomena. Furthermore, they also provide theoretical and experimental supports for the application of arc spectrum signal in metal transfer measurement, the development of new welding arc spectrum sensors and the establishment of new welding process controlling methods.

此成果使以往研究中对此现象的猜测得以证实，为将电弧光谱信息应用于熔滴过渡检测提供了理论和实验依据，为开发新型光谱传感器和创建新的焊接过程控制法奠定了基础。

The research stated above show that, arc spectrum signal can not only represent the process of droplet transfer, measure the frequency of droplet transfer, but also it has particular time field and frequency field characteristics and corresponding waveform modes for every kind of droplet transfer modes.

上述研究发现，电弧光谱信号不仅可以清晰地反映熔滴过渡的过程，测量熔滴过渡的频率，而且对应每种熔滴过渡形式，光谱信号都有独特的时域和频域特征以及波形模式。

ABSTRACT The research of metal transfer in metal gas arc welding is of great significance for the control of arc welding process and quality, the improvement of existing welding technology and the development of new welding equipment. With the powerful aid of welding arc spectrum which contains plenty of information of metal droplet transfer, this dissertation, which mainly aims at putting forward an effective detecting method with arc spectrum signal, has inspected the spectrum of metal gas welding arc and discovered their dynamic characteristics of each kind droplet transfer mode.

熔化极气体保护焊熔滴过渡的研究，对于焊接过程及质量控制、焊接工艺方法的改进和新型焊接设备的推出都具有重要意义，而熔化极气体保护焊电弧光谱中含有丰富的反映熔滴过渡的信息。

Distribution features for TIG welding arc ultraviolet spec tr um associated with various of welding parameters have been acquired, and inform ations of welding arc ultraviolet spectrum also have been analyzed.

针对焊接电弧紫外光谱信息的研究，研制了一套焊接电弧紫外光谱计算机采集和处理系统。利用此系统对TIG焊电弧紫外光谱进行了研究，成功地获得了不同焊接规范下的电弧紫外光谱频谱分布特征，并对此进行了分析。

A computerized welding arc spectrum information sampling and processing system are developed to study of the ultraviolet spectrum distribution feature. Corresponding softwares also is developed. A process for sampling the ultraviolet spectrum automatically and the real-time monitoring of welding parameter are realized. based on the principles of the physics of arc and spectroscopy the information of welding arc ultraviolet spectrum sampled is changed and processed.

焊接电弧紫外光谱信息的计算机采集与处理系统*韩国明吴钊柳刚云绍辉李俊岳摘要以焊接电弧紫外光谱的分布特征为研究对象，研制了一套焊接电弧紫外光谱计算机采集与处理系统并开发了相关软件，实现了紫外光谱采集过程的自动化、焊接电流与电弧电压的实时监测，并在电弧物理和光谱学原理的基础上，对采集的焊接电弧紫外光谱信息进行变换和处理。

Arc plume emis— sion spectrum which fits the Planck blackbody radiation function by assuming T=4 350 K shows Swan band system of C2.The arc plasma temperature is about 4 300~4 400K,and the error is about 100K.

放电过程中的电弧等离子体光谱测试表明其中主要有C2分子的发射峰，光谱分布曲线与普朗克黑体辐射曲线中T=4 350 K的分布情况吻合，确定放电电弧等离子体温度约4 300~4 400k，测量误差约100 K。

IN order to study on welding arc ultraviolet sp ectrum information, a computerized sampling and processing system has been devel oped.

针对焊接电弧紫外光谱信息的研究，研制了一套焊接电弧紫外光谱计算机采集和处理系统。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。