电子衍射

Sulfidation kenetics of studied materials have been examined and compared. The structure and morphological features of sulfide scales have been investigated using metallographical, X-ray diffraction and EMPA techniques.

测定并比较了这些合金的硫化腐蚀失重，通过金相、X光衍射相分析和电子探针技术分析研究了硫化物锈层的形貌和结构特征。

In the thesis, By using x-ray diffraction, energy spectrum analysis, metallographical analysis and scanning electron microscopy and opitimzing technology, the effects of the element Ga was researched and discussed in the magnetic performance and microstructure of Sintered Nd15Fe78B7+Ga permanent magnets made by powder metallurgy.

本文采用粉末冶金方法，通过x射线衍射、能谱分析、金相分析和电子扫描等一系列的检测与分析方法，优化工艺，研究并讨论了添加Ga元素对烧结Nd_(15)Fe_(78)B_7系永磁体磁性能和微观结构的影响。

In this paper, the effects of concentrated H2SO4 on dissolution of metatitanic acid was researched and the prepared powder was characterized by X - ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.

研究了浓硫酸对偏钛酸的溶解情况，并用X射线衍射仪和透射电子显微镜对制得的粉体进行表征。

The analytical method including static state and dynastic state which was used to identify the process of reservoir damaged has been introduced by means of the combined fluid testing to the microexamination with diffractometer,microscope and electronical microscope etc.

介绍了运用室内流动模拟实验技术与衍射分析、薄片鉴定、扫描电子显微镜观察等微观测试手段结合判识储层伤害过程的静、动态分析方法。

X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscope, impedance analyzer and piezoelectric workstation were used to determine the crystal structure, micrographic topography, dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of NKN—based ceramics.

利用X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微、HP4294A阻抗分析仪、压电工作站等对这三个系列样品的晶体结构、表面形貌、介电性能、压电性能和铁电性能等进行了深入的分析、研究和对比。

Scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and laser particle size analyzer were used to carry out a micromeasurement of the powder.

采用快速凝固/机械球磨法制备钛合金粉末；并采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和激光粒度分析仪对其进行微观测量。

No entire nitrendipine crystals were observed visually in SEM photos. The results of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that the crystalline form of nitrendipine was highly dispersed in microspheres, so as amorphous state. The drug release rate of microspheres could be controlled with adjusting the ratio of solid dispersion carriers and retarding agents formulated. The agitation speed and temperature of the preparation process have distinct effect on micromeritic properties of microspheres. The release profiles of the microspheres were mainly affected by the stirring rate of paddle, the concentration of SDS and pH of dissolution medium. Cooling speed and time, however, have no evident influence on the drug release rate of the microspheres. The dissolution data showed that the mechanism of drug release from microsphers was mainly diffusion-controlled. The incorporation efficiencies of 3 batches sample were exceed 96. 8％, which implied that the current method was suitable for design sustained-release dosage form for poorly water-soluble drug.

在扫描电子显微镜下观察，在微球内外未发现尼群地平的完整结晶，X-射线粉末衍射和差示扫描量热试验结果也显示，尼群地平已经被高度分散在微球中；微球的释药速度可通过调整处方中固体分散体载体和阻滞剂的比例控制；制备温度和搅拌速度对微球的质量影响较大；溶出仪的搅拌速度，释放介质的浓度和pH对微球的释放有较大的影响；制备过程中的冷却速度和冷却时间对微球的释放行为影响不很明显；方程拟合的结果表明缓释微球的释药行为符合扩散机制；测定三批微球样品的包封率均在96.8％以上，表明该法适合于制备难溶性药物的缓释微球。

This phenomenon which is similar to liquid is validated under normal temperature and pressure on the surface of pure metal, alloy, mylonitic quartzite, gabbros et al. using metallographic microscope, TEM, SEM, AFM and X-ray diffractometer based on preceding researchers. The phenomenon reveals a new matter existence state in non-extreme arduous conditions, besides the well-known states, gas, liquid, solid and liquid crystal.

本文在前人研究的基础上，采用金相显微镜、透射及环境扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜和X 射线衍射仪等观测仪器，对纯金属、合金和非金属材料糜棱状石英岩、辉长岩等进行观察，验证了在常温常压下，这些材料中存在着一种未被人们认知的，具有类似流体特征的非线性振荡现象——&类流态&现象，是一种非极端条件下新的物质存在状态。

The permanent magnets of single-phase exchange coupling Nd 〓N〓 and Nd 〓N〓 with ThMn〓 structure have been prepared by MM and MA process and the following treatments of crystallization、nitrogenation. By means of XRD、SEM、TEM、DTA/DSC and magnetic measurements, the variations of microstructure in each corresponding stage and the related magnetic properties have been studied systematically.

本文采用机械合金化和机械研磨法及随后的晶化、氮化处理分别制备了具有ThMn〓结构的Nd〓N〓单相耦合及Nd〓N〓纳米永磁材料，借助于X射线衍射、扫描电镜、电子探针、透射电镜、差热分析以及磁测量等分析技术系统地研究了上述工艺各阶段对应的组织结构的变化以及它们与磁性能的相互关系。

Finally, the cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of the oxamido-bridged binuclear complexes were studied in vitro.. This dissertation consists of three sections as follows:1. The crystal structure of a oxamide dinitrate,(1) [H_4dmaeoxd](NO_3)_2 H_2dmaeoxd = N,N\'-bis[2-ethyloxamide, has been obtained. The diversity of complexes with different structures is carried out by successful synthetic strategy of controlling species of metal ions, counter anions, pH values and solvents in the course of synthesis. Four dinuclear complexes bridged by trans-dmaeoxd2-: [Cu_2_2](ClO_4)_2 (2), [Cu_2_2](ClO_4)_2 (3),、[Cu_2(Me_2phen)_2](ClO_4)_2 (4), [Cu_2_2(H_2O)_2] (5); Four dinuclear complexes bridged by cis-dmaeoxd2-: [NiNi_2](ClO_4)_2 (6), [CuNi_2](ClO_4)_2·2CH_3OH (7), [CuZn_2]-(ClO_4)_2·2H_2O (8), [Cu(H_2O)Ni_2](ClO_4)_2.0.5CH_3OH (9); three 1-D polynuclear complexes: [Cu_2]_n·nH_2O (10), [Cu_2(H_2O)_2-]_n·4nH_2O (11), [Cu_2(H_2O)]_n(NO_3)_n·2nH_2O (12); one 2-D polynuclear complex,[Cu_6_3(μ_3-OH)_2(H_2O)_2]_n(ClO_4)_(4n).2nH_2O (13); the others: [VO(H_2O)]·2H_2O (14), [Zn_2_4](ClO_4)_2·H_2O (15), [Cu_2]·2DCM (16) have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectra.

本论文主要包括以下三部分：一、合成得到了一个草酰胺配体硝酸盐的单晶结构，[H_4dmaeoxd](NO_3)_2 (1)；通过调控金属离子的种类、端基配体、抗衡阴离子、溶剂、pH值等条件定向合成了四个反式草酰胺桥联双核铜配合物：[Cu_2_2](ClO_4)_2 (2)、[Cu_2_2](ClO_4)_2 (3)、、[Cu_2(Me_2phen)_2](ClO_4)_2 (4)、[Cu_2_2(H_2O)_2] (5)；四个顺式草酰胺桥联同/异双核配合物：[NiNi_2](ClO_4)_2 (6)、[CuNi_2](ClO_4)_2·2CH_3OH (7)、[CuZn_2]-(ClO_4)_2·2H_2O (8)、[Cu(H_2O)Ni_2](ClO_4)_2.0.5CH_3OH (9)；三个一维聚合物： [Cu_2]_n·nH_2O (10)、[Cu_2(H_2O)_2-]_n·4nH_2O (11)、[Cu_2(H_2O)]_n(NO_3)_n·2nH_2O (12)；一个二维聚合物： [Cu_6_3(μ_3-OH)_2(H_2O)_2]_n(ClO_4)_(4n)。2nH_2O (13)；单核钒配合物[VO(H_2O)]·2H_2O (14)、草酸根桥联双核锌配合物[Zn_2_4](ClO_4)_2·H_2O (15)、美洛西康铜配合物[Cu_2]·2DCM (16)，利用元素分析、摩尔电导、红外光谱、电子光谱和单晶X-射线衍射对上述所得化合物进行了结构表征，探讨了结构影响因素，并研究了其超分子结构。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。