电子脉冲

It is the most powerful means of eradicating schistosomiasis. Current method of elimination cercaria is mainly the chemical method which has many disadvantages such as drug resistance, drug dilutedness, environmental pollution and poisoning the other biology, etc. For these reasons, this paper poposed a new method of elimination through high-voltage pulsed electric field, discussed the feasibility of the new method, studied the elimination mechanisms of using different forms of electrodes, analyzed various factors which influences the effect of elimination and introduced the structure of high-voltage pulsed electric field system at the stage of laboratory. Moreover, this paper showed the security problems that should be considered during the research and experiment.

针对常用的化学药物杀灭法存在的易使尾蚴产生抗药性、水域宽广致使药效降低、污染环境、毒杀其它生物等弊端，本文提出了一种利用高压脉冲电场杀灭血吸虫尾蚴的新方法，探讨了这种电子杀灭方法的可行性，分别研究了采用锐形电极和平板电极的血吸虫尾蚴杀灭机理，分析了影响尾蚴杀灭效果的各种因素，介绍了实验阶段血吸虫尾蚴高压脉冲电场杀灭系统的构成，指出了系统研制和试验过程中需要充分考虑的安全性问题。

Thus, this paper presents a circular polarization ultra-short pulse laser field of first-order correction, and research in the circle of electronic polarization ultra-short pulse laser correction of dynamic process.

由此，本文给出圆极化超短脉冲激光场的一阶修正解，并研究电子在圆极化超短脉冲激光修正场中的动力学过程。

The shaped pulses were shown to be phase-sensitive at intensities too low to access different higher electronic states, and so these pulses apparently steer the isomerization through constructive and destructive interference effects, a mechanism supported by observed signatures of vibrational coherence.

脉冲形状被证明是在太低以至于不能进入不同的较高电子态的强度上对相位变化灵敏的，因此这些脉冲机制通过构成和破坏干扰反应操纵着异构化作用，这种机制由观测到的相干信号支持。

The shaped pulses were shown to be phase-sensitive atintensities too low to access different higher electronic states,and so these pulses apparently steer the isomerization throughconstructive and destructive interference effects, a mechanismsupported by observed signatures of vibrational coherence.

变过形的脉冲在低强度下显得很敏感，这种强度很小，因此很难进入更高的电子状态。于是，很明显地，这些脉冲能给通过破坏性和建设性的干扰效应来操控异构化作用。观测到的振动一致信号更支持了这样一种机制。

Then the micro-state and transport process of carriers (hot-electron) in vivo of the switch material were studied in details using the quantum theory. It was found: in the DC bias electric field, under the certain condition of the relaxation time of the hot-electrons in the electron-electron and electron-phonon interaction process, the photoconductivity oscillation can be caused by the change of mobility in the process of optoelectronics transport, and the main causes that the output electrical pulse appears oscillation was revealed.

并从量子理论出发，研究开关体内载流子的微观状态和输运过程，在直流偏置电场作用下，体内热电子在电子—电子、电子—声子相互作用过程中，其驰豫时间及载流子寿命之间存在关系时，光电子的输运可通过迁移率变化引起光电导振荡，揭示出导致开关输出电脉冲出现振荡的根本原因。

In electronic technology, the pulse signal is a voltage according to a certain extent, for a certain time interval of the pulse signal issued.

在电子技术中，脉冲信号是一个按一定电压幅度，一定时间间隔连续发出的脉冲信号。

It was found that in the DC bias electric field, when the relaxation time of the hot-electrons in the electron-electron and electron-phonon interaction process is longer than the carrier life, the photoconductivity oscillation can be caused by the change of mobility in the process of optoelectronic transport, which is the main cause for the output electrical pulse to show oscillations.

分析了开关体内载流子的微观状态和输运过程，在直流偏置电场作用下，开关体内的热电子在电子-电子、电子-声子相互作用过程中，当它们的弛豫时间大于载流子的寿命时，光电子的输运可通过迁移率变化引起光电导振荡，这是开关输出电脉冲出现振荡的原因。

Compared with picosecond pulse laser, the intense of pulse is the main factor of the finally temperature of electron.

发现电子与晶格耦合系数影响材料表面电子的温升及电子与晶格温度耦合时间；与皮秒激光比较，脉冲功率密度是影响电子最终温度的主要因素；飞秒激光烧蚀金属材料的厚度可达到表层厚度量级。

The tryptophan residues play important roles in DNA photoreactivation catalyzed by CPD photolyases. We have investigated the action mechanism concerning Trp in DNA photoreactivation, and obtained the results as follows: 1 We proposed a mechanism of photosensitized splitting of CPDs by Trp and Trp-containing peptides. 2 Quantum yields of splitting of the model compounds that a Trp linked covalently a CPD were obtained under 290 nm light in various solvents, these values changing with solvent, range from 0.01 to 0.5. 3 Utilizing pulse radiolysis technique, splitting processes were observed in aqueous solution of the CPDs with hydrated electron and some oxidative species (such as hydroxyl radical, bromic radical and azide radical), and obtained their rate constants. In the case of interaction between CPD and hydrated electron, splitting of the CPD anion, and pyrimidine anion transfer an electron to FAD or Rf, were observed. The process rate was slower one order more than that in photolyase. Minor, but highly mutagenic UV-light-induced lesions are (6-4) photoproducts, which are repaired by (6-4) photolyases. These enzymes, discovered in 1993, are not well characterized and their mechanism is still under investigation.

我们研究它的作用机理，获得以下结果：1）建立了色氨酸及其肽对嘧啶二聚体光敏化裂解的直接修复作用机理模型；2）获得了色氨酸共价键连接于嘧啶二聚体的化合物在多种溶剂中290nm光辐照裂解的量子效率，其值随溶剂而变化，范围在0.01-0.5；3）运用脉冲辐解观察到嘧啶二聚体与水合电子和一些氧化性的自由基作用裂解过程，得到相应速率常数；对二聚体与水合电子作用发生裂解以及向FAD返还电子的过程进行了体外模拟；4）（6-4）光解酶的作用机理中一个关键假定是氧杂环丁烷中间体在接受电子后能自发裂解，恢复二嘧啶的结构。

There are two important mechanisms for increasing laser power afteradding hydrogen:(1)The gas temperature and CuBr vapor density at the center of lasertube are reduced, it decreases collision energy depletion of electron and leads to increaseelectron temprature;(2)Electron density increases during the pulse, the skin effect andthe" black center" of laser are improved.

同时，脉冲期间的电子密度增加，电子密度的趋肤效应减弱，激光的&黑心&现象被改善。2存在一个最佳充氢范围，其原因是：充氢后，随着气体温度的进一步降低，电子温度和铜原子数密度也将下降，它们与使电子温度升高的因素相互制约，抑制了激光能级粒子数的增长。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。