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The characteristics of pentacene/perylene derivatives based organic solar cells are investigated in this thesis Donor and acceptor layers are pentacene and N N'-dioctyl-3 4 9 10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-2~13C) respectively Twelve organic solar cells with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions were fabricated to study the influence of various alkylic perylene derivatives on the power conversion efficiency Under the sunlight simulator with AM1 5G filter and 100 mW/cm2 the solar cell of pentacene/PTCDI-7C heterojunction with cathode of Ag/Al bilayer has the best performance among the devices with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions In PL spectrum analyses the pentacene/PTCDI-7C film had lower recombination rate than the other pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C films; therefore more excitons could reach the P/N junction and enhance short-circuit current Furthermore the PTCDI-7C film grown on the surface of penatcene was more matched than other PTCDI films analyzed by the PL peak shifts of 10 nm and 45 nm thick PTCDI-2~13C and images of atomic force microscope More lattice match between the films of pentacene and PTCDI resulted in fewer defects in P/N junction and more carries can reach electrodes Accordingly the power conversion efficiency approach 2% was obtained from the solar cell with the active layer of pentacene/PTCDI-7C

本研究探讨以五环素/骈苯衍生物异质接面太阳能电池之特性，利用pentacene作为电子施体有机材料，PTCDI -2C~13C作为电子受体有机材料，制作出异质接面为pentacene/ PTCDI-2C ~13C等12种有机太阳能电池，比较不同碳数的骈苯衍生物对於有机太阳能电池之光电转换效率之影响。在AM1 5G、100 mW/cm2的模拟太阳光下，以pentacene/PTCDI-7C异质接面太阳能电池具有短路电流9 882 mA/cm2、开路电压0 376 V、填充因数0 523及光电转换效率达1 945%，皆比其他pentacene/PTCDI-2C ~13C异质接面太阳能电池来的大。由薄膜分析可知PTCDI-7C在这12种太阳能电池中具有较低的电子电洞复合发光效率，可以让较多激子到达异质接面进行电荷分离，减少电子电洞对复合发光的机率；此外，由光激发萤光光谱之峰值位移配合原子力显微镜表面结构图，可以得知当PTCDI-7C成长在pentacene上时会顺著pentacene的结构成长薄膜，故较无缺陷产生在P/N接面处；而在其他结构下则无此现象产生，致使在pentacene/PTCDI-7C薄膜中的载子有较大的机会可以移动至电极，使光电流提高，进而使光电转换效率提高。

The direction and the strength of the spin polarization are well controllable and manipulatable by simply varying the strength of spin-orbit interaction or the energy levels in quantum dots.

通过改变自旋轨道耦合强度或量子点内的能级很容易调节自旋极化的强度和方向，而且当量子点内的能级相等时电子-电子互作用能够增强量子点内的自旋积累，当量子点内的能级不相等时电子-电子互作用不能增强量子点内的自旋积累。

This article seeks to analyze the current situation summarizing the results of analysis of the characteristics of e-commerce on the basis of the importance of subjectivity, and a comprehensive analysis of the trends under the principle of the basic features of e-commerce, as well as from the market, the seller, the buyer, the whole four perspective on e-commerce features derived from an analysis of the induction, and a more comprehensive e-commerce into this new business model with features.

本文力求在归纳分析目前已有的电子商务特点分析成果的基础上，在重要性、主体性、趋势性和全面性分析原则下，对电子商务的基本特点以及从市场、卖方、买方、整体四个视角对电子商务的衍生特点进行了一个归纳分析，进而比较全面的归纳了电子商务这一全新商务模式具有的特点。

Regarding to Chinese information productions export policy, the government should put important point on the export competitiveness, enhance to introduce foreign capitals, increase innovation ability in Chinese enterprises. Moreover, security system should be built to respond to non-tariff barrier oversea, the external competition environment should be improved. At the same time, we should enhance information productions export motivation system, and make an effort to explore various international markets.

促进我国电子信息产品出口的政策，应通过加强引进外资和提高我国企业自身的创新能力，不断增强我国电子信息产品的出口竞争力；通过建立和完善应对国外非关税壁垒的预警机制，改善我国电子信息产品的外部竞争环境；同时，加强电子信息产品出口激励机制，努力开拓多元化的国际市场。

The electron location function shows the electronic density changes at both the atomic vacancies and antisites. There is an obvious absence of electronic areas where the vacancy of Ga has the dangling bonds of N, which are favourable for the sdsorption of metal atoms. In contrast, at the vacancy of N, there is more electron distribution(ELF:0.16-0.45), forming lone electron pairs which are profitably available to combine electronegative atoms.

电子局域函数显示了表面空位和替位处的电子密度变化，表面Ga原子空缺处有非常明显的缺电子区域，悬挂键临近N的电子密度增大，有利于对金属原子的吸附；N原子空位处的ELF值为0.16-0.45，有利于同电负性较大的原子结合。

The spectroscopic properties (λ〓〓,λ〓〓,φ,τ, k〓, k〓) of 〓 were also measured. It was found that the energies of absorption and emission maximum is red-shifted for both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents compared to that of parent 〓 complex.

发现无论X是吸电子取代基还是给电子取代基，配合物的吸收峰和发射峰与母体化合物〓相比均向红移；常温下，具有吸电子基的配合物与具有给电子基的配合物相比，有较高的发光量子产率和长的激发态寿命。

Qing Han, Dongguan City Electronic Co., Ltd.(located in Dongguan City HengLi town) official register was established in 2006, is a company specializing in the production and sale of electronic pin needle, I-pin-pin, cross pin-pin, T-shaped pin-pin, L-shaped pin-pin , U-shaped pin-pin, S-shaped pin-pin, V-shaped pin-pin, pin shaped needle, PCB board and the Quartet jumper pin needle manufacturers, materials have tinned copper clad steel, brass, copper, phosphor bronze alloys, expansion alloys etc. Materials have square, round, flat-type three categories, and in accordance with customer drawings and samples processing, Product length can be achieved between 1mm ~ 65mm; company from the start of the workshop small enterprises have become the current "Dongguan City Qing Han Electronics Co., Ltd."This is all the staff dedicated, hard working, the pursuit of the company that makes the growing scale of production, equipment increasing, making products that are widely used in connectors, transformers, transformers, reactors, inductors and electronic switch industry, and are subject to the broad masses of customers.

东莞市擎瀚电子有限公司正式注册成立于2006年，是一家专业生产及销售电子pin针、工字pin针、十字pin针、T形pin针、L形pin针、U形pin针、S形pin针、V形pin针、异形pin针、PCB板跳线及四方pin针的厂商，材质有镀锡铜包钢、黄铜、紫铜、磷青铜合金、膨胀合金等，材料有方型、圆型、扁型三大类，并可根据客户来图来样加工，产品长度可做到1mm~65mm之间；公司由开始的小型加工作坊企业成为现在的&东莞市擎瀚电子有限公司&这在于全体员工兢兢业业、努力不懈的追求，才使得公司生产规模日益壮大，设备不断增加，使得产品广泛用于连接器、变压器、互感器、电抗器、电感器及电子开关行业，并受到广大客户的一致好评。

The limestone products can be used for indoor and outdoor with no any radiationSuch as floor tile, wall tile, countertop, water basin, water groove, walkway pavings, kerb stone, curbstone, square building, street road building, garden decroation with the carvings of animal or statues.

以&国付宝&为品牌的支付产品在提供&国付宝账号&的电子支付业务的同时，还支持企业之间银行账户的电子支付业务和个人银行卡的电子支付业务。国付宝针对不同的电子商务业务，分别设计了B2B？

There are two important mechanisms for increasing laser power afteradding hydrogen:(1)The gas temperature and CuBr vapor density at the center of lasertube are reduced, it decreases collision energy depletion of electron and leads to increaseelectron temprature;(2)Electron density increases during the pulse, the skin effect andthe" black center" of laser are improved.

同时，脉冲期间的电子密度增加，电子密度的趋肤效应减弱，激光的&黑心&现象被改善。2存在一个最佳充氢范围，其原因是：充氢后，随着气体温度的进一步降低，电子温度和铜原子数密度也将下降，它们与使电子温度升高的因素相互制约，抑制了激光能级粒子数的增长。

This paper provides a research framework to measure the impacts of EP on supply chain management.

本文主要探讨了目前基于电子商务的供应链管理的热门话题：电子采购的定义、模式；电子市场的定义、分类、发展趋势；企业特性分析、电子采购方案的选择、评估、计划与控制等。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。