电子偶

To master the ultrastructure of mitochondrion;the molecular structure elements of Oxidative Phosphorylation;electron-transport chain;the coupling mechanism of Oxidative Phosphorylation and electron transport;the main content of chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis;the structure and chemical composition of thylakoid;electron transport and photophosphorylation;the mechanism of photophosphorylation;the evidence of endosymbiotic theory.

掌握线粒体的超微结构；氧化磷酸化的分子结构基础；电子传递链；氧化磷酸化作用与电子传递的偶联机制；渗透假说的主要内容；类囊体的结构；类囊体的化学组成；电子传递和光合磷酸化；光合磷酸化的作用机制；内共生起源学说的根据。

By reason of the dipole directivity of particle velocity sensor and also the acoustic intensity averagor, and its being able to realize the electronic rotation, coherent interferences can be effectively suppressed by skillful use of its zero point and extremal point.

振速传感器和平均声强器具有偶极子指向性，并且该指向性可实现电子旋转。巧妙利用偶极子指向性的零点和极值点，可有效地抑制声场中的相干干扰。

Based on the mechanism of coupling reaction,the reaction of melt metallocene-based Poly(Ethylene-α-Octene) initiated by dicumyl peroxide was studied at elevated temperature in oscillatory shear flow field.

以苯胺、环氧丙烷为原料制备了N，N 二(2 羟丙基)苯胺，然后NHPPA与对硝基苯胺通过重氮偶合反应制备了一种具有推拉电子结构的偶氮化合物4 硝基 4′ N，N 二(2 羟丙基)氨基偶氮苯。

The cancellation mechanism for various SUSY contributions to the electric dipole moments of electron and neutron are investigated.

本文还讨论了电偶极矩对CP破坏模型的限制，研究了对电子和中子的电偶极矩的超对称贡献的抵消机制。

During zygotene on unpaired ACs and lateral elements and central elements of SCs, there are dense spherical or elliptical nodules-zygotene nodules. They play an important part in the process of homologue pairing.

在偶线期未配对的ACs 和SCs 侧生组分及中央组分上均发现电子密度高的球形或椭圆形的节状结构――偶线期节，ZNs 在同源染色体配对过程中起很重要的作用。

Nonlinear optical organic materials have more advantages than inorganic materials. Based on the molecule design, a new D-π-A structure NLO chromophore molecule [4-nitro-4'-N,N-di aminoazobenzene] 3 with nitro, azobenzene and epoxy is synthesized.

以环氧氯丙烷、苯胺、对硝基偶氮苯胺为原料，设计并合成了一种具有推拉电子结构、含双环氧基的偶氮类有机非线性光学发色团分子4-硝基－4'-N，N-二缩水甘油氨基偶氮苯。

The value of current density and the apparent active energy of electroreduction of substituted nitrobenzene depend on the electronic effect of substituted group and space resistance. o,m,p-chloronitrobenzene will be electroreduced to azoxy compounds by taking three electrons, o,m-nitrotoulene and o,m-nitrobenzoic acid will be reduced to phenol compounds by taking four electrons, and p-nitrotoulene will be reduced to the aniline by taking six electrons. According to these results, the electroreduction mechanism of the substituted aryl nitro-compounds was studied in detail.

在电还原过程中，还原峰电流和表观活化能的大小均与取代基的电子效应和空间位阻相关，同时取代硝基氯苯得3个电子将还原生成氧化偶氮苯类化合物：邻、间硝基甲苯、硝基苯甲酸得4个电子将还原生成酚类化合物；对硝基甲苯得6个电子将还原生成胺类化合物，在此基础上，探讨了各芳族硝基化合物的电还原机理。

In the Presence of uncoupling reagents water stress had little effect on the photosynthetic electron transport in mesophyll cells of Iwpoea batatas, but in the absence of uncoupling reagents it promoted the electron transport and displayed pronounced uncoupling effect.

在有解偶联剂存在时，水分胁迫对叶肉细胞的光合电子传递没有影响，但在无解偶联剂存在下，水分胁迫促进了甘薯叶肉细胞的光合电子传递，表现出明显的解偶联效应。

A one-step method for the synthesis of aromatic indolizine derivatives byintramolecular 1,5-dipolar cyclization reaction of 2-(2-arylethenyl)pyridinium N-ylidesin the presence of an oxidant has been studied for the first time. In the presence ofelectron-deficient olefins, however, 2-(2-phenylethenyl)pyridinium N-ylides underwent1,3-dipolar cycloadditions and then aromatized in situ by TPCD to produce indolizinederivatives, indicating 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition proceed more readily than 1 ,5-dipolarcyclization in these conditions. Pyridinium disubstituted N-ylides, readily obtainedfrom corresponding pridinium and β-chlorovinyl ketone, underwent thermalintramolecular 1,5-dipolar cyclization to give indolizine derivatives easily.Indolizinecarbaldehyde derivatives were synthesized starting from 2-pyridinecarbaldehyde in four-steps involving 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction.

本文首次研究了2-(2-芳基乙烯基)吡啶N-叶立德在氧化剂存在下的分子内1，5-偶极环化反应，采用一锅法合成了中氮茚衍生物；研究了这些N-叶立德的1，5-偶极环化和1，3-偶极环加成反应的选择性，发现当有缺电子烯烃存在时，优先进行1，3-偶极环加成反应，而不再发生分子内1，5-偶极环化反应；由β-氯乙烯酮方便地得到了烯丙基N-叶立德，他们在加热时进行分子内1，5-偶极环化反应而得到中氮茚衍生物；由2-吡啶甲醛为起始原料，通过1，3-偶极环加成反应等四步反应，得到了重要的中氮茚甲醛衍生物，这些反应都具有条件温和和操作简便的特点，是合成中氮茚衍生物的新方法。

Under these conditions several aryl iodides bearing a wide range of functional groups were converted into the corresponding aryl azides in good yields.

在重新优化后的条件下，大部分不活泼芳基溴化物可以与叠氮化钠发生交叉偶联反应得到良好收率的芳基叠氮化合物，但是有拉电子基团取代的芳基溴化物与叠氮化钠的偶联反应则难以进行。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。