电压放大

The system breakdown voltage measurement and signal output two most voltage measurement part in the main circuit simulation, tie amplifier module, A / D conversion module, module; Sunplus microprocessor through data processing, in the range of allowable error voltage measurements show, and broadcast voice.

本系统分电压测量和信号产生输出两大部分，电压测量部分以模拟电路为主，配合放大模块、A/D转化模块、显示模块；通过凌阳单片机进行数据处理，在误差允许范围内显示测量电压值，并播报语音。

Meanwhile, this detected voltage difference is amplified and filtered, and finally the processed signal is transmitted to the analog input of the DAQ card for further software operation, display, and storage.

其工作原理是利用DAQ卡类比输出通道，送出不同频率且幅值恒定的正弦电压信号，透过修正型Howland定电流驱动电路将电压信号转成电流信号加入体内，由量测电极取出电压信号经放大滤波后，把讯号送入类比输入DAQ卡，并在LabVIEW人机介面上做运算处理、分析、显示与储存。

We used coupling phototube convert the voltage of reflector voltages of klystron linearly to lower voltage, and convert the lower voltages of standing wave measuring line and crystal detector inputting power linearly to higher voltages by operation amplifier. Then we inputted these voltages to computer by analog-to-digital card and plotted the graphs of working characteristics of reflecting klystron with software .

利用光电耦合器将速调管反射极高电压线性转换为低电压，同时将驻波测量线测得电场强度的电压值和晶体检波器所测得的反射式速调管输出功率的电压值通过运算放大器线性放大，然后经过模数转换卡采集到微机中，利用软件绘制出速调管的工作特性曲线。

The authors used coupling phototube convert the voltage of reflector voltages of klystron linearly to lower voltage and converted the lower voltages of standing wave measuring line and crystal detector inputting power linearly to higher voltages by operation amplifier. Then inputted these voltages to computer by analog-to-digital card and plotted the graphs of working characteristics of reflecting klystron with software.

利用光电耦合器将速调管反射极高电压线性转换为低电压，同时将驻波测量线测得电场强度的电压值和晶体检波器所测得的反射式速调管输出功率的电压值通过运算放大器线性放大，然后经过模数转换卡采集到微机中，利用软件绘制出速调管的工作特性曲线。

According to the demand of high magnetic field power supply, reference is increased with a set ramp rate and stops at a set stable value, so reference system is composed of digital setting and digit to analog converting circuit. But the stability of reference is mostly guaranteed by the performance of D/A circuit, so D/A circuit is particularly studied in reference system. The scheme of D/A circuit, the selection of DAC and its voltage reference, hardware anti-jamming design and PCB design are discussed in detail, and software of remote control and PLC are discussed in brief. Zero-flux DC current transformer well satisfies the demands of the high stability of Load current detection unit, so the principle of zero-flux DC current transformer is analyzed; in the mean time a project which detects the long term stability is designed. During 8 hours, analog signal which is detected with high precision digit multimeter is recorded in computer at 1HZ frequency by GPIB communication. The drift error source and related parameters are explained in the compare-amplify part. Detailed subtraction circuit is designed; also amplifier chip and periphery components are selected and verified according to the theory of error analysis.

根据强磁场电源的需求，参考源应按照软件设定的斜率逐渐上升到设定稳态值，则参考源系统应由数字给定和数模转换电路两大部分组成，而参考源的稳定度主要依靠完成数模转换功能的模拟电路的性能来保证，因此本文对参考源系统的研究以数模转换电路为重点，分别从电路方案的确定、数模转换芯片及其基准电压源的选取和验证、电路板硬件抗干扰和PCB设计几方面进行了论述，然后对数字给定部分的远控组态和PLC程序设计作了简要介绍；采用零磁通原理的直流电流转换器很好地满足了对负载电流检测单元高稳定度的需求，本文详细分析了零磁通检测的原理，并在选定此种类型电流转换器的基础上设计了一套检测长期稳定度的方案，8小时内以1秒为采样周期，通过计算机Labview程序和高精度数字电压表的GPIB通讯，将被高精度数字电压表数字化后的模拟信号采样值连续记录至计算机中；比较放大环节简要阐述了漂移产生的原因和相关参数指标，确定了具体的减法电路形式，并根据误差分析理论对运算放大器和外围元器件进行了选取和验证。

In short,the paper illustrates the feasibility of block diagram simulation analysis in negative feedback amplifier circuit.

本文利用EWB软件，采用方框图分析法，对由运放构建的电压负反馈放大电路进行了仿真分析，同时将仿真结果与理论计算加以比较，结果显示两者一致，验证了负反馈放大电路中的基本关系式。1仿真分析1.1电路组成负反馈放大

A digital AGC circuit using a digital potentiometer to rep lace the feedback resistance of the amp lifierwas designed. In order to get an app rop riate gain, MCU adjusted the resistance of the digital potentiometer automatically according to the voltage value of amp lifierps output.

为使输入信号不受这一限制，设计了一种数字式自动增益放大电路，该电路采用数字电位器取代放大器的反馈电阻，单片机根据放大器输出电压自动调整数字电位器的阻值来调节放大器增益，使输出电压始终维持在所设定的上下限电压之间。

this paper introduces a lossless detected circuit system.firstly,system gathers slender infrared signal with transducer,then amplifies them with low noise.through voltage comparator circuit,transforming simulation objection signals to digital signals.finally,transforming transport landscape orientation and portrait to single chip processing.in design of pcb,the amplifying of quadruplet signal,filter,voltage comparator decree and and logic function are manufactured in one board.if the diameter of workpiece is long,it can add multiple the number of transducer of four,to wide its range of practice,disposing circuit only need one module.

摘 要：介绍了一种无损检测的电路系统。系统首先利用传感器采集到微弱的缺陷信号，再将缺陷信号进行低噪声放大，然后通过电压比较判决电路将模拟缺陷信号变换成数字信号，最终将横、纵两路的输出信号送至单片机处理。在pcb设计中，将四路信号的放大、滤波、电压判决以及与逻辑功能做在一块板上，若被检测工件的直径较大，可以将传感器的个数以四的倍数增加，处理电路只需增加一个模块。

Circuit system used varistor constitute the Wheatstone bridge to collect small changes in voltage, After amplification circuit amplified into A / D converter circuit, the input voltage digital signal after the conversion output AT89S52 conducted by the control and data processing and results in the LCD display.

系统电路采用压敏电阻构成惠斯登电桥来采集电压的微小变化，经过放大电路放大后送入A/D转换电路，对输入电压信号进行数字量的转换后输出，由AT89S52进行系统的控制和对数据的处理并将结果显示在液晶显示器上。

Finally the energy distribution of the spot was reconverted and obtained through computer processing of the measurement data.

实验中采用扫描法测量光斑的能量分布，通过柔性铰链机构带动微米级小孔以很小的步距对成像微光斑进行精确的二维扫描，用光电倍增管接收扫描采样的微弱光信号，再以低噪声的I/V转换电路和电压放大电路处理取样信号后送入计算机处理，就可准确地复原光斑的能量分布。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。