电压

Also included is a discussion of reduced voltage motor starting techniques and useful references to world voltage standards, formulae, codes and standards and a glossary of terms.

其中还包括讨论降低电压电动机起动技术和有用的参考材料，为世界的电压标准，公式，法规和标准和术语表。

In order to solve the problem of serious fluctuation of starting current in traditional control scheme, the author puts forward a new kind of starting method which can limit voltage value to achieve the goal of reducing fluctuation of the current by using zero voltage vector during the stage of starting.

文章分析了异步电动机直接转矩控制系统的工作原理及起动过程，针对传统控制方案存在起动电流波动严重的问题，提出一种通过在起动过程增加零电压矢量的方法限制电压值，达到减小电流波动的目的，对此进行了仿真研究，仿真结果表明该方法是有效的。

In the process of calculation, the stator terminal voltage was taken as restriction condition, and the starting current is iterated to obtain the starting current and starting torque under the rated voltage.

在计算过程中，以定子端电压为约束条件，对定子起动电流进行了迭代计算，得到了额定电压下的起动电流和起动转矩。

In the process of numerical computation of electromagnetic field, primary ending voltage is taken as constraint condition, primary starting current is iterated, and stating current and starting torque at rated voltage is obtained.

在电磁场的数值计算过程中，以初级端电压为约束条件，对初级起动电流进行了迭代计算，得到了额定电压下的起动电流和起动转矩，最后把正弦电磁场计算结果与实测结果进行了对比，表明直线感应电动机起动性能的计算结果满足工程实际的需要。

In this paper, according to the theory of electromagnetic fields, firstly, electromagnetic field of large and medium asynchronous motor is calculated from the angle of coupled fields, secondly, the end voltage of the stator is taken as constraint condition and starting current in stator is iterated in the numeral computation process, finally starting current and starting torque at rated voltage are gained, and by comparing calculation results with test results ,starting performance of large and medium asynchronous motor meet the demand of project practice.

本文根据电磁场理论，从耦合场的弱耦合角度首先计算了大中型异步电动机的电磁场，在电磁场的数值计算过程中，以定子端电压为约束条件，对定子起动电流进行了迭代计算，得到了额定电压下的起动电流和起动转矩，并把正弦时变场计算结果与实测结果进行对比，表明大中型异步电动机的起动性能的计算结果满足工程实际的需要。

Three kinds of BCRC No.51534, 10322 and 10675 would be selected and acted as an experimental sample of Escherichia coli. Results shows that Escherichia coli of No.51534 will appear better performance because the maximum of open circuit voltage, closed current and power density are 1.01V, 22mA and 1342mW/m2, respectively. Concerning the effect of culture time with respect to different phase type on the electricity performance of MFCs, the time points on the intersection between lag phase and logarithmic phase, the middle of point of stationary phase for growth curve of Escherichia coli would appear a good performance of MFCs. In addition, the BCRC No. 51534 Escherichia coli possessing a better performance of MFCs than others would be suggested and applied to further studying. Comparison with the performance of MFCs with respect to electron mediator under different mole number, result shows that electron mediator of methylene blue with 4.63mM would appear a better electricity performance of MFCs than others. Concerning the different material of proton exchange membrane with PTFE-Nafion, Nafion 211, 212 and 117 with respect to the performance of MFCs, result shows that the Nafion 117 applied in MFCs will have a better performance of MFCs than other cases. Finally, the effect of molar concentration on the performance of MFCs would be expected at the studied cases of 0.4M, 0.2M, 0.1M and 0.05M respectively for cathode oxidant, result shows that a good performance of MFCs will happen at the condition of 0.2M. Those observations will be useful to improvement of MFCs in the further study.

於上述电池系统条件下，进行大肠杆菌生长曲线、电子传递介质、质子交换膜、电极与阴极氧化剂对电池电性效能分析；选择编号10322、10675与51534之大肠杆菌为实验菌株，依定量培养之生长曲线取出代表不同时生长特性时期的培养时间，利用亚甲基蓝作为电子传递介质进行实验分析从所测得的电量进行分析，以编号51534之大肠杆菌的微生物燃料电池有最大的开路电压为1.01V及最大闭路电流为22mA；当极化曲线中电压为0.47V、电流为11.4 mA时有最大的功率密度为1342 mW/m2；加以负载有平均工作功率密度294 mW/m2；从生长曲线与电性效能来分析，得知生长曲线的迟滞期与对数期的转变点与静止期的中间点有最佳电性效能表现；对於加入不同莫耳数之电子传递介质methylene blue、neutral red与thionine之电池效能表现，则以加入4.63mM methylene blue电子传递介质的电池有较佳平均功率密度230 mW/m2；另对於质子交换膜PTFE-Nafion、Nafion 211、Nafion 212与Nafion 117之电池效能表现，以Nafion 117质子交换膜的电池有较佳平均功率密度340 mW/m2；对於分析加入不同莫耳数浓度0.4M、0.2M、0.1M与0.05M的阴极氧化剂之电池效能，则以0.2M的阴极氧化剂的电池可得到较佳平均功率密度429 mW/m2。

When a transformer is supplied energy at a given voltage and delivers it at some lower voltage, it is called step-down transformer.

当变压器提供能源在特定的电压，并提供它在一些低电压，这是所谓的降压变压器。

This paper presents a kind of voltage and reactive power control integral principle and concrete control strategy for 220KV three winding transformer step-down stations.

目前的控制策略一般使用九域图原理但其缺陷是容易产生分接头频繁调节。本文针对电网电压的枢纽站220KV三绕组降压变电站，提出了一种电压无功综合控制的总体原则和具体控制策略。

For a step-up transformer, the output voltage is HIGHER than the input voltage.

对于一个升压变压器，输出电压高于输入电压。

BUCK circuit for a buck or step-up transformer, the output voltage v0 is greater than or less than the average input voltage U opposite polarity, capacitance transmission.

BUCK电路一降压或升压变压器，其输出平均电压v0大于或小于输入电压U极性相反，电容传输。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。