电压

Maintain deflector if the size of the same voltage, the voltage change is accelerating, we can see a very accelerated voltage reduce, electron beam deflection angle instead of increasing, it is because of low accelerating voltage, the electron velocity smaller horizontal direction, electronic deflection plates in the field of the role of the extended time, the angle of deflection increases .

如果保持偏转板的电压大小不变，改变加速极的电压，可以看到加速极的电压减小，则电子束偏转的角度反而增大，这是因为加速极电压低，则电子的水平方向速度变小，电子在偏转板中受电场力作用的时间加长，所以偏转的角度增大。

From the view of torque controlling strategy, the relation between the torque controlling strategy such as the electric current feedback method、 PWM open loop method etc and the vehicle driving way is analyzed firstly, then the conclusion could be drawn that the PWM open loop method has more advantages than the electric current feedback method when they are both used in the same vehicle which is direct driving by hubcap motor. Secondly, based on the electric motor mathematic model and its experiment, a new permanent brushless dc motor phase electric current detector method in which a digital signal processor and single current sensor are used is introduced.

从转矩控制策略角度来看，分析了电流反馈法以及开环PWM电压调速控制方法与车辆的驱动方式关系，得出了电机驱动电压受限的情况下，无论是从对车辆的动力性能影响还是从对车辆的驱动要求来讲，开环PWM电压调速控制方法较电流反馈法更适用于以轮毂电机直接驱动方式的两轮电动车中；其次，根据电机的数学模型以及电机试验波形，提出了一种利用数字信号处理器以及单个电流传感器检测三相永磁无刷电机电枢电流的新方法，这种方法具有较强的适应性、实时性，它可以根据控制系统的要求，适时地提供所需电流数据，是目前许多文章关于无刷电机相电流平波的重要技术基础。

The article researched new type thyristor trigger that adapts the frequency of input power automatically, then analyzed the designing ways and process of frequency-tracked trigger in detail, yet validated capability of trigger through experiment and actual appliance in project, we also build up the fault-diagnosed and disposal cell of hypogyny machine with SIMATIC S7-200 PLC, besides, programmed and debugged to realize various monitor and diagnose; more, smart design make protection function more perfect and action more sensitive, so it can realize perfect swift and reliable protection under fault condition.

本文重点研究了以频压变换技术为核心的新型频率跟踪触发器，详细分析了频率跟踪触发器的设计思路和设计过程，实现了在同一移相控制电压下，当同步电压频率大范围变化时触发器输出触发脉冲的电角度保持不变的目的，满足了项目对同步电压频率变化时晶闸管准确触发的要求；并通过实验和工程实际应用验证了触发器的性能。设计了基于SIMATIC S7-200 PLC软硬件的故障诊断系统并调试了各项监控、诊断功能；实现故障条件下准确、迅速及可靠的保护。

It discusses various voltage contrast methods, and introduces a new method, that is called electron beam induced voltage contrast method.

本文讨论了各种电压衬度法，也叙述了一种新的电压衬度法，称它为电子束感生电压衬度法。

Several main induced voltage models for the metal shield of power cable are deduced based on a sound analysis.

文中通过对电缆护层电压的理论分析，推导了电缆任意排列方式下的护层感应电压的计算模型；提出了在电缆终端加补偿装置的方法来平衡护层电压，抑制护层电流。

A modified backward Euler method is developed which enables to increase considerably the accuracy of jump voltage computation as a result of freeing its computing from the influence of the faint asymmetrical initial current in such an inductive circuit as converter and completely eliminate numerical oscillation in converter simulation as often seen in the case of implicit trapezoidal integration method.

本文提出一种变形的后退欧拉法，用该法对换流器这样的纯电感电路进行跃变电压计算，可完全避免初始电流中微弱的不平衡对跃变电压计算的影响，大大提高了跃变电压的计算精度，并彻底消除了隐式梯形积公法用于换流器仿真时所存在的非原型数值振荡。

Afterwards, we propose a new constant coefficients measurement method in dynamic equation of robot manipulators, this measurement method includes three groups of experiments: group one, let each joint of robot manipulator keep static to measure the constant coefficients in gravity term of dynamic equation and Coulomb frictional torque, group two: let only one joint of robot manipulator move at a constant velocity to measure the viscous frictional coefficient and constant coefficients in effective inertia of dynamic equation, group three: let only one joint of robot manipulator move at constant acceleration at a time to measure constant coefficients in Coriolis and centrifugal term and coupling inertia of dynamic equation.

让操作器单个关节恒速运动，在对驱动系统中传动机构，减速装置和电感系数综合考虑的基础上，这组实验对粘滞摩擦系数及有效惯量中常数系数进行测量。这种测量方法只要求旋转关节的驱动电机施加恒定电压，回转关节驱动电机施加正弦波电压。3。让操作器单个关节恒加速运动，这组实验测量动力学方程中哥氏力、离心力项和耦合惯量项中的常数系数，这种测量方法只要求单个关节匀加速运动，而其它各关节保持静止，这种测量方法虽然要求关节匀加速运动，但不必进行关节角加速度检测，而只需进行关节角位移和角速度检测即可，输入量直接给定为输入电压。

In the instantaneous voltage applied to the appliance exceeding 105 percent of the peak value of the specified test voltage.

施加测试电压时，应使得施加到器具的瞬态电压不超过规定测试电压峰值的105%。

To control the output waveform, the mathematic model of three-level inverter is set up. The output voltage instantaneous value control system is employed to obtain high quality output waveform.

为了对输出电压的波形进行控制，该文建立了三电平逆变器的数学模型，使用输出电压瞬时值控制系统来获得高质量的输出电压波形。

Then, the instantaneous voltage feedback control circuit of the Z source inverter with an inner loop of the output filter inductor current is designed. The validity of the double close loop control strategy is verified by simulation and experiment results.

首先对阻抗源逆变器的逆变部分进行了建模，其次简要介绍了传统电压源型逆变器的控制策略，然后以带滤波电感电流内环的电压瞬时值反馈控制为例介绍了阻抗源逆变器的输出电压控制的实现。

Shop assistant: Please check at the door.

店员：请您到门口柜台交费。

In the end, transportation of PAHs in the environmental matrix was preliminarily investigated and discussed according to PAHs data of soils and sediments from a certain region in Shanghai. The result indicated that there are two or more pathways on PAHs transportation in the environmental matrix.

最后，对上海特定地区内PAHs在环境介质中的迁移径途进行了分析讨论，结果表明上海市土壤和沉积物等环境介质中PAHs的迁移存在多种途径。