电动势

In order to eliminate direct current drift and saturation problems of pure integrator for back electromotive force,an improved programmable low-pass filter rotor flux estimator was proposed to replace the pure integrator.

为了有效抑制反电动势积分环节所存在的直流偏移和积分饱和问题，采用一个截止频率可根据输出频率进行自调整的低通滤波器来代替传统电压模型磁链观测器中的反电动势积分环节。

The results indicate that back electromotive force increases with increasing current density and decreases by 0.5 V after adding 2% Li2CO3, the feeding period is 15 min measured by the method of electric potential control. Finally, the Al-Li alloy with the lithium content of 7.93% can be obtained by electrolyzing for 3 h at the current density of 0.62 A/cm^2 and at 680 ℃, and the current efficiency can reach 74.1%.

结果表明，反电动势随电流密度增加而增大，加入2%的Li2CO3可使反电动势降低0.5V；通过控制电位法测得加料周期为15 min：在680℃、电流密度为0.62A/平方公分的条件下持续电解3h，最终制得了理含量高达7.93%的铝锉合金，电流效率可达74.1%。

The electromotive force of the cell was investigated at temperature between 800 and 1000℃.

由实测电动势与Nernst方程导出的理论电动势之比求得的氧离子迁移数在测量温度范围内都大于0.96，并随着温度的升高而逐渐增大。

An electromotive force which is called hall electromotive force comes into being.

一个成为霍尔电动势的电动势就是这样由来的。

When the armature is in the middle, the two secondary coil electromotive force generated by the same sensor, so that output voltage of 0; when the armature movement in the internal coil and off-center position, the two-coil inductive electromotive force generated ranges, and voltage output, voltage depends on its size of displacement.

当衔铁处于中间位置时，两个次级线圈产生的感应电动势相等，这样输出电压为0；当衔铁在线圈内部移动并偏离中心位置时，两个线圈产生的感应电动势不等，有电压输出，其电压大小取决于位移量的大小。

The device takes the varying quantity of the thermoelectromotive force regulation between that two components as the standard for the change of methane's density. The device can test the density directly, differs from the traditional test pattern which use the resistance change to cause the variation of the Wheatstone bridge output electromotive force.

设计出了一种全新结构的载体催化元件，它的特点是将两元件间的温差电动势的变化量作为衡量CH4气体浓度变化的标准，直接进行测试，有别于传统的利用电阻变化引起惠斯登电桥输出电动势变化的测试模式。

The observed EMF values of oxygen concentration cell coincided withtheoretical values perfectly, indicating that the ceramics were purely oxide-ionicconductors with oxygen ion transference number of 1 under oxygen atmosphere over thewhole temperature range. The electrochemical oxygen permeation rates determined were inaccordance with the theoretical rates calculated from Faradays law, verifying directexperimentally that the oxide-ionic nature of the conduction under oxygen atmosphere. Athigh oxygen partialpressure range pO_2=10~(-5～10~5 Pa, they were almost pure ionicconductors, which was consistent with the result by means of oxygen concentration cell.Whereas at low oxygen partial pressure range pO_2=10~(-5～10~(-15)Pa, the samplesexhibited mixed ionic and electronic conduction.

结果表明，氧浓差电池电动势的实测值与理论值吻合得很好，氧离子迁移数为1，表明该系列样品在该温度下氧气气氛中为纯氧离子导体；氧泵实验结果进一步证实了该系列样品在氧气气氛中为纯氧离子导体；在氧分压pO_2=10~(-5)～10~5 Pa的高氧分压气氛中，电导率与氧分压变化基本无关，表明在该氧分压范围样品为纯离子导体，这与氧浓差电池电动势测定结果相吻合：在低氧分压为10~(-5)～10~(-15) Pa范围，总电导率随氧分压降低而稍有升高，表明在该氧分压范围样品为氧离子与电子的混合导体。

The presence of polarized potential is a ge neral property of the existence of an oil/gas reservoir. The whole oil/gas reser voir together with its diffusion-flowing belt can be taken as the source of the potential field, and the polarized potential can be described by a model of pol arized dipole.

油气藏存在极化电动势是共性，可以将整个油气藏、扩散带和扩散流动带作为场源，其极化电动势可用极化偶极模型描述。

Thermoelectric EMF of 42 pVPC for the standard "Alloy 180" Nichrome junction of an ordinary wirewound resistor. If a resistor is chosen with the copper nichrome junction the value is 2.5 pVPC.

对于普通的绕线电阻，热偶由& Alloy 180合金&与镍铬铁合金构成，具有42uV/℃的热偶电动势；价格稍高些的铜线电阻，其热偶由铜与镍铬铁合金构成，具有2.5uV/℃的热偶电动势。

By using the Nernst equation and measured electromotive force data,the corresponding mean activity coefficients of KI and interaction parameters were obtained.The weak association of KI in methanol was discussed.

研究较多的是利用离子选择性电极与电解质溶液组成无液接电池，测定对某一电解质响应的电动势数据，由此从电动势出发可以关联得到电解质溶液活度系数的Pitzer方程或其它方程的参数，进而得到电解质溶液的活度系数[1]。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。