电刷

Finally, based on the analyzed results of the effect of armature reaction on the e.

最后，根据电枢反应对电势谐波成分影响的分析结果，本文介绍了一种间接力矩检测方法，在此基础上，给出了一种间接力矩反馈控制的无刷直流电动机系统。

In this paper, the change of back electromotive force current with the different PWM modes are analyzed in detail on the base of BLDCM model. According to theory and experiment ,ON-PWM type restrains the peak value of back electromotive force current and brings the lest effect to the motor control system.

基于无刷直流电动机的数学模型，分析比较了不同PWM调制方式下反电势电流的变化规律，并通过理论推导和仿真实验证明了当电机系统采用ON-PWM调制方式时，能有效地抑制反电势电流的峰值且对电机控制系统造成的影响最小。

To overcome these two deficiencies in the existed system, the back electromotive force shape function method is proposed to realize the real time calculation of phase voltage and make the estimation of torque easer.

最后给出的仿真与实验结果证明了反电势形状函数法用于无刷直流电机直接转矩控制中的可行性与有效性。

On the base of roundly analyzing and studying the running mode of the sensorless BLDCM, we explain theories and realizable methods of detecting back electromotive force, phase verdict and phase compensation in detail.

在全面分析研究了无位置传感器无刷直流电动机运行方式的基础上，细致阐述了反电势过零检测、相位判断及相位补偿的原理及实现方法，并且为了在较宽的范围内提高BLDCM的调速性能，采用了数字式转速闭环控制。

The key points of sensorless technology in PMBLDCM are to study a method which can detect rotor position accurately by simply method in whole speed range. After analyzing current sensorless methods of the PMBLDCM, it is found that those methods are successful at middle and high speed, but they often fail to detect rotor position at low speed when the back electromotive force is small or zero.

纵观目前的永磁无刷直流电机的无位置传感器控制方法，比较成熟而可行的方法多集中于电机在中高速区域运行时，能够较准确估计转子位置；电机处于低速、极低速、静止状态时电加热管，因为反电动势幅值较小或者为零，而无法正常工作。

I've done that for many times for some reasons.OFW5.05 do not block the booting ability of using pandora batt.

不用担心用神电从5.05刷回5.00 m33-4的能力，由于一些原因，我已经做了好几次了。

Every Ameri-can woman has at least one hair dryer, and usually a curling iron and electric rollers besides, not to men-tion styling brushes, smoothing brushes, holding combs, barrettes, clips, bands, and other decora-tiom.

每个美国妇女都至少有一个吹风机，此外，通常还有卷发器和电滚梳子，更不用提定形刷、梳理刷、梳子、发夹、卡子、发带和其他装饰品了。

The latedischarges decreased from 9.29 ± 0.97 to 6.71 ± 0.68 with the A-fiberconditioning stimulus increasing from 1 to 5 (n〓8, P〓0. 05).(7) The intervalbetween the conditioning stimulus and test stimulus (C-T interval) wasincreasing, the inhibition tended to plateau off. At shorter time intervalsthe inhibition became more effective. When C-T interval was limited in 50ms,the inhibitory effects was the strongest, here, the late discharges reducedfrom 12.57±1.21to 2.29±0.42 (n=11, P＜0. 01).(8) Behavior research showedthat the rat model of snake venom exhibited neuropathic pain with heathyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia, which corresponding to the acuteelectrophysiological findings.

此时轻刷WDR神经元的感受野不能引起其活动改变，但伤害性齿镊夹捏仍可引起WDR神经元放电增多；〓5〓晚成分放电的潜伏期缩短，即宁静期的时程变短，由给蛇毒前的118.83〓3.67ms降至50.72〓1.36ms〓n〓32，P〓0.01〓；〓6〓在正常动物，如果预先给予只激活A纤维的弱条件电刺激〓mA，100μs〓可抑制随后的伤害性检验刺激所诱发的WDR神经元的晚成分放电，当条件刺激个数从1增加至5时，每次伤害性检验刺激所诱发的晚成分放电数从9.29〓0.97个降至6.71〓0.68个〓n〓8，P〓0.05〓；〓7〓固定条件刺激数为1个，当条件刺激与检验刺激之间的间隔增大时，A纤维条件刺激对WDR神经元晚成分放电的抑制作用逐渐减弱，当条件刺激与检验刺激之间的间隔在50 ms以内时，抑制效应最为显著，此时，晚成分放电数由正常时的12.57〓1.21个降至2.29〓0.42个〓n〓11，P〓0.01〓；〓8〓与急性研究中的WDR神经元电活动的变化结果相匹配，利用蛇毒制备的大鼠模型在行为学上表现为热痛觉过敏、冷觉的痛性感觉异常及机械痛觉过敏等慢性痛症状。

At the same time, most WDR neurons failedto respond to the light brush applied to the receptive fields, but they couldbe intensively excited by the noxious pinch.(5) The latency of the latedischarges was shortened from 118.83 ± 3.67ms to 50.72 ± 1.36ms (n〓32, P〓0. 01).(6) Preceding graded number of A〓fiber conditioning inputs (〓mA, 100 μs) delayed the C-activity evoked by the following nociceptive teststimulus activating both A- and C-fiber applied to the sciatic nerve. The latedischarges decreased from 9.29 ± 0.97 to 6.71 ± 0.68 with the A-fiberconditioning stimulus increasing from 1 to 5 (n〓8, P〓0. 05).(7) The intervalbetween the conditioning stimulus and test stimulus (C-T interval) wasincreasing, the inhibition tended to plateau off. At shorter time intervalsthe inhibition became more effective. When C-T interval was limited in 50ms,the inhibitory effects was the strongest, here, the late discharges reducedfrom 12.57±1.21to 2.29±0.42 (n=11, P＜0. 01).(8) Behavior research showedthat the rat model of snake venom exhibited neuropathic pain with heathyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia, which corresponding to the acuteelectrophysiological findings.

此时轻刷WDR神经元的感受野不能引起其活动改变，但伤害性齿镊夹捏仍可引起WDR神经元放电增多；〓5〓晚成分放电的潜伏期缩短，即宁静期的时程变短，由给蛇毒前的118.83〓3.67ms降至50.72〓1.36ms〓n〓32，P〓0.01〓；〓6〓在正常动物，如果预先给予只激活A纤维的弱条件电刺激〓mA，100μs〓可抑制随后的伤害性检验刺激所诱发的WDR神经元的晚成分放电，当条件刺激个数从1增加至5时，每次伤害性检验刺激所诱发的晚成分放电数从9.29〓0.97个降至6.71〓0.68个〓n〓8，P〓0.05〓；〓7〓固定条件刺激数为1个，当条件刺激与检验刺激之间的间隔增大时，A纤维条件刺激对WDR神经元晚成分放电的抑制作用逐渐减弱，当条件刺激与检验刺激之间的间隔在50 ms以内时，抑制效应最为显著，此时，晚成分放电数由正常时的12.57〓1.21个降至2.29〓0.42个〓n〓11，P〓0.01〓；〓8〓与急性研究中的WDR神经元电活动的变化结果相匹配，利用蛇毒制备的大鼠模型在行为学上表现为热痛觉过敏、冷觉的痛性感觉异常及机械痛觉过敏等慢性痛症状。

Ex space heater is an essential part of increased safe brushless excitation synchronous motor, whose performance has great effect on service performance and Ex property.

防爆空间加热器是增安无刷励磁同步电动机中的一个重要部件，其性能对整个电机的使用性能、防爆性能有很大影响，文章介绍了增安型无刷励磁同步电动机用防爆空间加热器总功率的确定、电加热元件居里点温度、表面热负荷的计算及组装等，并给出了设计实例。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。