电价

At last, to be assure that the project can be put into execution effectively, the paper brings forward some suggestions that the plant should reform its system basing on corporation-oriented in order to solve historical debts problems, and should carry out its independent management right, and should reclaim its electricity fee and strive for a reasonable electrovalence, and exploits electric power market, and so on.

最后，为保证成本控制方案的有效实施，提出了对永昌电厂进行公司化改制以解决历史债务问题、落实企业的经营自主权、进行电费回收并争取合理的上网电价、开拓电力市场等具体配套性措施和建议。

This paper studies the influence of country economy guideline in power demand. According to identifying the main economy and society factors in affecting the change of Fujian power demand, the power demand forecast model is proposed. And the demand curve models fitting for diversified users are built by researching the influence of electrovalence to power demand.The influence of demand side management in load characteristic of Fujian power system is analysed.Used the arithmetic of modifying the history load curve, this paper forecast the changing and development trend of Fujian load characteristic.

本文研究了国民经济指标对电力需求的影响，通过识别影响福建省电力需求变化的主要经济社会因素，建立电力需求预测模型；研究了电价变化对电力需求的影响，对各类用户建立适合各自特点的需求曲线模型；分析了需求侧管理对福建电网负荷特性的影响，采用历史负荷曲线修正法，预测了福建电网负荷特性的变化发展趋势。

3 Electrovalence, calculation of electric charge, method of settling accounts, currency of settling accounts

电价、电费计算，结算方式、结算货币

The main contents of this report include:(1) I nvestigation and analysis of the current status and characteristics of economic development, electric power consume and electric load in North China, Northeast China, Northwest China, East China, and Central China from 2000 to 2004;(2) Indexes and contrast analysis of major power networks load characteristic in China;(3) Analysis of Major effect factors for load characteristics, including development level and structure of economic, structure of electric power consumption, geographical and climatic environment, DSM, electrovalence, load shedding and so on;(4) Change trend analysis of major power networks load characteristic in China;(5) Target forecast of major power networks load characteristic in China in the tenth five-year plan;(6) Main conclusions and suggestions.

主要内容包括：(1) 2000 ～ 2004 年华北、东北、西北、华东、华中五大电网经营区域经济发展现状及特点、用电现状及特点、电力负荷特性现状调研分析；(2)我国主要电网负荷特性指标对比分析；(3)影响我国负荷特性的主要因素分析，包括经济发展水平及经济结构、用电结构、地理环境及气候因素、需求侧管理、电价拉闸限电等对电网负荷特性的影响分析；(4)我国主要电网负荷特性变化趋势分析；(5)"十一五"期间我国主要电网负荷特性指标预测；(6)主要结论及建议。

In the past 45 years, such policies are carried out toward Water Diversion Project from Yangtze to Northern Part of Jiangsu Province that province level finance bears the construction, operation, maintenance and reconstruction expenses, and power consumption of pumping stations enjoy preferential electrovalence.

45年来，江苏对江水北调工程实行了由省级财政负担工程建设、运行、维修和改造费用和泵站用电享受优待电价的政策。

Considering the electrovalence, the curve of water consumption and the reliability of water supply, this paper respectively sets up the model based on the maximal flux and the model based on the expectation flux. It takes yearly expenditure converting value and yearly cistern converting value as target function and takes continuity equation, velocity of flow and compression resistance of cast iron pipeline as restrictions and sets up the PGA model on optimal design of water supply networks.

考虑到峰谷电价、用水量变化曲线及用水可靠性因素的影响，分别建立了以最高时流量设计管网的模型和以期望时流量设计管网的模型，以年费用折算值加上清水池年造价折算值为目标函数，以连续性方程、管中流速和铸铁管耐压值等为约束条件，进行并行遗传算法对给水管网优化设计的实现。

Trade mode partrecites the operation model power transmission market and detailedly discusses theprice system of power transmission market; on the basis of electrovalence system ofpower transmission, it calculates and analyses province-stridden power transmissionexpenses combining the actualities of countrywide provincial trade and the actualcircumstances of provincial power transmission of middle-Chinese power grid; itrelates to the mode of big power consumers directly purchasing electricity andfinance instrument of power transmission market.

交易模式部分中叙述了输电市场的运营模式，对输电市场的价格体系做了详实的论述和相应的探讨；在输电电价体系的基础上，结合全国省间交易的现状和华中电网跨省输电的实际，对跨省输电费用进行了相关的测算和分析；涉及了大用户直购电模式和输电市场的金融工具。

For balances the electrical network load, to unify the valley peak electrovalence policy which Changsha implements, gathered the air-conditioning system with ice storage and the conventional air-conditioning system efficiency to the ice carries on the analysis comparison thus to determine this construction suited using the air conditioning systems with ice system.

为平衡电网负荷、削峰填谷结合长沙市实行的谷峰电价政策，对冰蓄冷空调系统与常规的空调系统的经济性进行分析比较从而确定了此建筑适合应用冰蓄冷空调系统。

The Construction Term : The condition of using electricity is superior, the comprehensive electrovalence is about 0.4 Yuan, the transportation is convenient, the highway is ahead to the factory zone, the product may sell to local market and the raw material may be collected nearby.

建设条件：用电条件优越，综合电价在0.4元左右，交通便利，公路直通厂区，产品可本地销售，原材料就近可取。

Various [BO6] units exhibit remarkable differece in stability, ion size and ion electrovalence. Therefore, the growth interfaces with electric charges would make a choice among those [BO6]growth units, resulting in the short range of fluctuation in composition and structure at the stage of crystal growth and preparing for the aubsequent formation of ordered domains and other chemical defect clusters.

在基元组装过程中，各种[BO6]八面体基元在稳定性、尺寸大小与电价上的分异致使生长界面对基元有一定的选择性，从而造成了晶体生长时成分与结构的短程起伏，并为有序畴及其它化学缺陷团簇的形成提供了条件。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。