甲基

Their chemical structures were characterizd on the basis of spectral and chemical evidences to be: Sarracenin (1), 2-methyl-5-hydroxy-7-O-ethyl caffeate chromome (2), Naringenin(3), 2-methyl-5, 7-dihydroxychromome (4), 2-methyl-6-hydroxyl-cinnamic acid methyl ester (5), eriodictyol (6), quercetin (7), Naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside( 8 ), eriodictyol-7-O-α-D-glucoside (9), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside(10). In addition, one compound was abtained from the n-butanol frationk, which was finally identified as Morrosiside(11) by spectral and chemical evidences.

以波谱数据及其理化性质鉴定为：Sarracenin(1)，2-甲基-5-羟基-7-O-咖啡酸乙酯色原酮(2)，柚皮素(3)，2-甲基-5，7-二羟基色原酮(4)，2-甲基-6-羟基苯丙烯酸甲酯(5)，圣草酚(6)，槲皮素(7)，柚皮素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside)(8)，圣草酚-7-O-α-D-葡萄糖苷(eriodictyol-7-O-α-D-glucoside)(9)，槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(quercetin--3-O-β-D-glucoside)(10)；另外从正丁醇萃取部位分离得到1个化合物，以波谱数据和文献对照鉴定为：Morroniside(11)。

Synthesis process of 2,6-dichloro-3-methylaniline was investigated 3-methylaniline was first N-acetylated with acetic anhydride,then treated with chlorosulphonic acid and ammonia yielding the 2-methyl-4--benzenesulfonic amide,which wasin turn deacetylated,chlorinated and hydrolyzed to the title compound.Hydrochloric acid was used instead of sodium hydroxide in deacetylation and sodium chlorate instead of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in chlorination.

合成工艺2，6-二氯-3-甲基苯胺调查3-甲基首次N-乙酰与醋酸酐，然后与氯磺酸和氨产量 2-甲基-4--苯磺酰胺基，而擅转乙酰，氯化和水解的标题compound.hydrochloric酸代替氢氧化钠乙酰氯酸钠代替双氧水为氧化剂，加氯。

RESULTS: Sixteen compounds, ursolic acid (1), indole-3-carboxaldehyde (2), indole-3-carboxylic acid (3), p-coumaric acid (4), azelaic acid (5), N-trans-feruloyl tyramine (6), blumenol A (7), 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (8), rubiadin l-methyl ether (9), rubiadin (10), quercetin (11), luteolin (12), chrysoeriol 6-C-β-boivinopyranosyl-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (13), alternanthin (14), stigmasta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol (15), and α-spinasterol (16) were obtained from the EtOAc extract of Alternanthera philoxeroides.

结果：得到并鉴定了16个化合物，分别为乌苏酸(1)、吲哚-3-甲醛(2)、吲哚-3-甲酸(3)、对-香豆酸(4)、壬二酸(5)、N-反式阿魏酰基酪胺(6)、布卢姆醇A(7)、2-羟基-3-甲基蒽醌(8)、甲基异茜草素-1-甲醚(9)、甲基异茜草素(10)、槲皮素(11)、木犀草素(12)、柯伊利素-6-C-β-波伊文糖基-7-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(13)、莲子草素(14)、豆甾醇(15)和α-菠甾醇(16)。

Aqua, Sorbitol, PPG-1 PEG-9 Lauryl glycol ether, Hydrolyzed elastin, Hydrolyzed wheat gluten, Hydrolyzed collagen, Hydrolyzed glycosamino-glycans, Humulus lupulus, Propylene glycol, Triethanolamine, Sodium hydroxide, Carbomer, Maris limus extract, Ostrea extract, Imidazolidinyl urea, Parfum, Benzyl salicylate, Coumarin, Alpha isomethyl ionone, Hexyl cinnamal, Buthylphenylmethylpropionate, Linalol, Methylisothiazolinone, Methylchloroisothiazolinone.

水，山梨醇， PPG 公司- 1聚乙二醇- 9十二烷基醇醚，水解弹性蛋白，水解小麦面筋蛋白，水解胶原蛋白水解粘多糖，多聚糖，啤酒花提取物花，丙二醇，三乙醇胺，氢氧化钠，卡波姆，马里斯提取物，牡蛎提取物，咪唑烷基脲，香水，水杨酸苄酯，香豆素，阿尔法 l 紫罗兰酮，己基肉桂醛，丁苯基甲基丙醛，芳樟醇，甲基异噻唑啉酮，甲基氯异塞唑晽酮。

Parameters based on chemical shift indicate that methyl is a substituent with electron-withdrawing inductive effect and poor electron-donating conjugative effect. Perhaps its conjugative effect is on critical point. Methyl is electron-withdrawing for benzene relative to H. Otherwise, methyl has strong p-position and weak o-position orientation effect.

化学位移值表示的诱导效应参数表明甲基具有吸电子诱导效应，经校正后的化学位移值表示的共轭效应参数表明甲基具有微弱的给电子共轭效应，甚至其共轭效应有可能正处于给电子和吸电子的临界状态，总之相对于氢原子，甲基具有吸电子效应。

According to the statistics of the content of methyldibenzothiophenes in 112 oil samples from China, the conter of methyldibenzothiophenes in marine oil is more than that in terrestrial oil if there is no TSR in oil.

根据对中国含油气盆地112个原油样品中似甲基二苯并噻吩含量统计发现，当原油无TSR作用时，海相原油的似甲基二苯并噻吩含量要大于陆相原油；陆相原油中，盐湖相原油的似甲基二苯并噻吩含量又大于淡水湖相。

In this thesis, we did modifications of alkyl groups upon benzyl fluorophosphonate. In order to study the influence of alkyl length and steric effect on activity and selectivity of probes, we synthesized benzyl fluorophosphonate recognition heads with modifications including ethyl, butyl, octyl and cyclohexyl. By way of connecting different kinds of tag like azido group, biotin and rhodamine with recognition heads separately through a higher hydrophilic ethylene glycol derived linker, a series of benzyl fluorophosphonate probes were made up. And they will apply to various biological testing strategies.

在本论文中，我们以苯甲基氟化磷酸酯为基础，於其上进行一系列烷基之修饰，为了探讨烷基长度与空间立体性质对於探针活性及选择性的影响，我们合成了包含乙烷基、丁烷基、辛烷基以及环己烷基修饰的苯甲基氟化磷酸酯辨识端，并藉由具较高亲水性的聚乙二醇衍生连接桥结合三种不同的发报端，分别有叠氮基团、生物素及萤光基团来构成不同的化学探针组合，这一系列苯甲基氟化磷酸酯类化学探针将可被应用於不同的生物测试策略。

Results The DNA was obtained from PPJ through a nasopancreatic tube. Aberrant p16 methylation and K- ras gene mutation were detected in the same samples of PPJ. Sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive values,negative predictive values and accuracy of HE staining for pancreatic cancer were 40%,100%,100%,45.4% and 60.0%,respectively. Of the 20 cases of pancreatic cancer,K- ras gene mutation was detected in 14 (70%) and the p16 gene was shown to be methylated in 7 (35%). Of the 8 cases of chronic pancreatitis,K-ras gene mutation was detected in 2 (25%). Of the 2 cases of mucinous cystoadenoma of pancreas,K-ras gene mutation was detected in 1 (50%). Aberrant methylation of p16 was not detected in pancreatic juice samples from patients with chronic pancreatitis and mucinous cystoadenoma of pancreas.

结果 所有胰液标本均成功抽提出DNA，30例胰腺疾病病人胰液标本同时进行了K-ras基因突变和p16基因启动子区5′CpG岛甲基化检测，其中20例胰腺癌病人胰液中K-ras基因突变率为70%（14/20），p16基因甲基化率为35%（7/20），8例慢性胰腺炎中K-ras基因突变率为25%（2/8），2例胰腺囊腺瘤病人中K-ras基因突变率为50%（1/2），慢性胰腺炎和胰腺囊腺瘤病人胰液中无p16基因甲基化。

In a similar way, using N,N\'-dibenzyl tartamide as auxiliary,-(2-methyl)allyl-2-chloro-phenyl-methyl azide, a vital intermediate of Repaglinide, can be prepared via asymmetric allylation of o-chlorobenzaldehyde in

产物经氧化和碘加成内酯化反应得到阿伐他汀中间体(3R，5S)-3-羟基-5-碘甲基戊内酯(10)；将N-苄基酒石酸二酰胺用于邻氯苯甲醛的不对称烯丙基化反应以较高光学收率得-甲基烯丙基-2-氯苯基-甲基醇

This paper is studied on a new synthesis method of amino-modified organic silicone micro-emulsion of cationic style by one step with a silane-alkyl coupling,3-(2-aminoethyl)-aminopropyl methyl dimethoxy silane while opening-cyclo polymerization of the octa-methyl cyclo tetra siloxane,thus the optimal manufacturing conditions are determined by comparing test of their properties.

采用硅烷偶联剂氨乙基氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷改性，八甲基环四硅氧烷开环聚合，探索一步合成阳离子型氨基改性有机硅微乳新方法，通过其性能测试得出其最佳工艺条件：反应温度：80℃，反应时间：3 h，十六烷基三甲基溴化铵用量：5%，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚用量：5%，预乳液滴加时间：2 h。

Now, however, all children continue in "comprehensive" schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow.

然而现在，所有的孩子都要在综合学校继续学习，所以这次考试只是决定他们将要学习哪些课程。

Cultivatable land , and led to a general recognition that development must not be carried at the cost of agriculture .

城区的迅速扩大在很多情况下侵占了宝贵的可耕地，使人们普遍认识到发展不能以牺牲农业为代价。