甲基

The common chemical constituents were juniper camphor,1,3,3-trimethylcyclohex-1-ene-4-carboxaldehyde,borneol,α-curcumene,α-bisabolol,cis-caryophyllene,benzyl benzoate,methyl β,β-dimethylbenzenepropanoic acid ester,2,4-decadienal and heneicosane in the essential oil of the five cultivars' Hangjuhua.Among them,juniper camphor is most which were composed of 11.96%,10.51%,10.95%,13.28% and 10.77% of the total essential oil,and methyl β,β-dimethylbenzenepropanoic acid ester is second,which were composed of 1.51%,1.86%,2.52%,4.89% and 2.51% of the total essential oil,respectively.

5种栽培类型杭菊花挥发油中共有成分为1，3，3-三甲基环己-1-烯-4-甲醛、冰片、α-姜黄烯、α-甜没药萜醇、顺式石竹烯、桧脑、安息香酸苄酯、β，β-二甲基苯丙酸甲酯、2，4-癸二烯醛和二十一烷；其中桧脑含量最高，分别占挥发油总量的11.96%，10.51%，10.95%，13.28%和10.77%，为5种栽培类型杭菊花挥发油中最具特征的成分；其次是β，β-二甲基苯丙酸甲酯，分别占挥发油总量的1.51%，1.86%，2.52%，4.89%和2.51%。

All results showed that three kinds of medicament on controlling sweetpotato black rot is effective, the control effect of 70% thiophanate-methyl and 50% carbendazim were above 90%, 50% amobam was above 80%. The four kinds of medicament on controlling sweetpotato stem nematode with 40% isofenphos-methyl, 50% phoxim, 5% aldicarb and 5% ethoprophos in the field showed obvious effect, the control effect were 88.81%, 83.29%, 93.63% and 90.35%.

在贮藏期间对甘薯黑斑病的药剂防治试验中，70%甲基托布津、50%多菌灵和50%代森铵三种药剂对甘薯黑斑病均有较好的防治效果，70%甲基托布津和50%多菌灵的防治效果达90%以上，50%代森铵的防治效果达80%以上；在田间对甘薯茎线虫病的药剂防治试验中，40%甲基异柳磷、50%辛硫磷、5%神农丹和5%茎线灵四种药剂对甘薯茎线虫病的防治效果明显，防效分别为88.81%、83.29%、93.63%和90.35%。

A method used to simutaniously analyze the residues of herbicides (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acid, 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) propanoic acid and 4-(4-chloro-2- methylphenoxy) butanoic acid in garlic was developed.

建立了基质固相分散－高效液相色谱法同时测定大蒜中2-甲基－4-氯－苯氧乙酸、2-甲基4-氯－苯氧丙酸、2-甲基－4-氯－苯氧丁酸3种苯氧羧酸类除草剂残留的方法。

In order to research the relations of carbon sources to structure of PHAs, six kinds of PHAs sample were synthesized by activated sludge with six different carbon sources respectively in the aerobic-anaerobic-anoxic process. Their structures were determined by 〓HNMR、〓CNMR and GC-MS. When the carbon source was acetate, the unit composition of PHAs was 93. 91mol％ 3-hydroxybutanoic acid and 6. 09mol％ 3-hydroxypentanoic acid ; When the carbon source was propionate, the unit composition of PHAs was 28. 66mol％ HB, 63. 13mol％HV, 2. 55mol％ 2-methy-3-hydroxy-butanoic acid (2MHB) and 5. 66mol％ 2-methyl-3-hydroxypentanoic acid (2MHV); When the carbon source was 80％ butyrate and 20％ 1, 4-butanediol, the unit composition of PHAs was 65. 03mol％ HB, 28. 06mol％HV, 1. 91mol％2MHB, 2. 69mol％ 2MHV, 0.73mol％ 4-hydroxy butanoic acid (4HB), 0.78mol％ 4-methyl-3-hydroxy-pentanoic acid (4MHV), 0.80mol％ 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid ; When the carbon source was 20％ butyrate and 80％ 1, 4-butanediol, the unit composition of PHAs was 61. 39mol％ HB, 23. 01mol％HV, 4. 58mol％2MHB, 5. 97mol％ 2MHV, 0.91mol％ 4HB, 2. 37mol％ 4MHV, 1. 77mol％ HHx; When the carbon source was 60％ pentanoate and 40％glucose, the unit composition of PHAs was 41. 24mol％ HB, 58. 76mol％HV; When the carbon source was 60％ benzoate and 40％ glucose, the unit composition of PHAs was 65. 48mol％ HB and 34. 52mol％ HV.

为了研究不同碳源与产物PHAs结构的关系，采用好氧-厌氧-缺氧模式利用6种不同碳源培养活性污泥得到6种不同的PHAs样品，通过〓HNMR、〓CNMR和GC-MS谱图确定了这6种PHAs的单体成分和比例：以乙酸钠培养活性污泥得到的PHAs的单体组成是93.91mol％3-羟基丁酸和6.09mol％3-羟基戊酸；以丙酸钠培养活性污泥得到的PHAs的单体组成除28.66mol％HB、63.13mol％HV外，另外还有2.55mol％3-羟基2-甲基丁酸（2MHB）和5.66mol％3-羟基2-甲基戊酸（2MHV）；以80％丁酸钠和20％1，4-丁二醇混合溶液培养活性污泥得到的PHAs含有七种单体组成：65.03mol％HB，28.06mol％HV，1.91mol％2MHB，2.69mol％2MHV，0.73mol％4-HB（4-羟基丁酸），0.78mol％4MHV（3-羟基-4-甲基戊酸），0.80％HHx（3-羟基己酸）；以20％丁酸钠和80％1，4-丁二醇培养活性污泥所得到的PHAs含有与3#样品相同的七种单体，只是比例不同，分别是61.39mol％，23.01mol％，4.58mol％，5.97mol％，0.91mol％，2.37mol％，1.77mol％；以60％戊酸钠和40％葡萄糖培养活性污泥所得到的PHAs由HB和HV组成，比例是41.24 mol％∶58.76 mol％；以60％苯甲酸钠和40％葡萄糖培养活性污泥所得到的PHAs也由HB和HV组成，比例是65.48 mol％∶34.52 mol％。

Norcantharidin can be made by artificial synthesis; it still be more suitable application than cantharidin in clinical use.

为了减少其副作用，斑蝥素的衍生物，斑蝥酸钠、去甲基斑蝥素等相继被研发出来；研究发现去甲基斑蝥素抗癌效果比斑蝥素强而无泌尿道刺激之副作用，尤其去甲基斑蝥素易人工合成，故而更适合作为临床应用。

Finally, the guideline for efficiently preparing core-shell structured capsule carrier was tentatively proposed.The cationic, neutral and anionic polysaccharides were separately acted as the liquid core of biomimetic capsule by mimicking the component and function of cell sap. It was found that the electrostatic repulsion interaction between the polysaccharide core and the enzyme enhanced the enzyme activity and stability.

首先，模仿细胞液的成分和功能选用三种具有不同电性的多糖(羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素和羧甲基壳聚糖钠)作为仿生微囊的液核，经比较可知，与酶分子具有静电排斥作用的多糖更有利于酶构象、活力的维持和酶稳定性的提高；然后，模仿细胞膜的结构和功能构建仿生微囊的壳膜。

It is demonstrated that the chiral quaternary ammonium salts catalysts exhibit promising catalytic properties for the substrate. Part III: The synthesis and the characterizing of the macroporous aminomethyl resin-supported cinchona alkaloid complexes and the study on its catalytic properties The part consists of two subsections. the macroporous aminomethyl resin -supported cinchona alkaloid complexes were synthesized by the stuff (cinchonine, quinine and macroporous aminomethyl resin). Their structures were characterized by means of elemental analysis, XPS, TG/DTA; the chiral polymer-supported complexes were first used as catalysts for the reduction of ketones. Their catalytic properties for the reduction processes were investigated. The comparison of the products e.e., the conversion of the substrate among different reduction processes was employed with determined by HPLC. The effects of the time, the temperature, the ratio of catalyst to substrate, reaction solvent as well as the recycle times were also discussed.

第三章聚-4-氨甲基苯乙烯负载金鸡纳碱金属络合物的合成与表征及其不对称催化性能研究本章分为两节，以辛可宁和奎宁及聚-4-氨甲基苯乙烯为原料，合成了4种聚-4-氨甲基苯乙烯负载金鸡纳碱络合物催化剂，并对它们的结构用元素分析、X-射线光电子能谱、TG/DTA等几种测试手段进行了表征；首次将所合成的手性高分子负载的金属络合物用于催化芳香酮不对称还原反应，详细研究了所得的手性高分子负载的金属络合物对不同底物的催化性能，用HPLC等分析手段定量检测了还原过程的底物转化率及其产物对映异构体选择性，并考察了反应时间、反应温度、催化剂和底物投料比、反应溶剂和循环次数对催化性能的影响。

The leading products of our Company are para cresol, with an annual output of 8,000 tons; food additives, such as potassium sorbate and sorbic acid, with an annual output of sorbic acid and potassium sorbate 10,000 tons, which occupied in the domestic market; Meanwhile, exported to Europe, the United States, Japan, South Korea and other countries and regions, whose volume accounts for 60% of the total, which has made it an important export-oriented enterprises of Dezhou Area, and also, has become the world's production base of para cresol and an important production base of sorbic acid and potassium sorbate domestically .

公司主导产品为医药中间体对甲基苯酚、食品添加剂山梨酸和山梨酸钾等。目前，公司年产对甲基苯酚8000吨，山梨酸和山梨酸钾25000吨，产品在占领国内市场的同时，远销欧、美、日、韩等国家和地区，出口量占销售总量的60%以上，成为德州市重要的出口创汇型企业，并成为全球对甲基苯酚生产的重要基地和国内山梨酸和山梨酸钾重要的生产基地。

Technologies for determining methylation patterns in cancer cells, Methyl Light and COBRA, both of which were based on the deamination of methylated cytosines—which converts these cytosines to uracil residues—and identification of the converted sequence by analytical methods.

在上世纪80年代期间，研究的主要方法是PCR和克隆，两者都不涉及甲基化内容，因此很快就被弃用了。90年代，Laird开发了两类技术去检测肿瘤细胞中的甲基化模式，MethylLight和COBRA，两者都是以甲基化胞嘧啶的脱氨作用（将胞嘧啶转化为尿嘧啶残基）以及通过分析方法鉴定修改的序列为基础。

In our research on study chemical reaction of active methylene compounds and brom-acetophenone. Because of brom-acetophenone is compound that contain carbonyl and halogen ,which will take place electrophilic substitution and nucleophilic addition. When active methylene compounds are ethyl acetoacetate and β-diketone, controlling reaction condition, we have found that mono-substitution's production and di-substitution's. production is isolated; active methylene compounds are acetoacetanilide and acetoacetanilide derivate, pyrrolidin-2-one derivants were obtained by substitution and close-ring reaction .but there is no report about it.

本文是让活泼亚甲基类化合物与溴代苯乙酮发生化学反应，由于溴代苯乙酮是含有羰基的卤代烃结构，它可以发生亲电取代和亲核加成反应，当活泼亚甲基类化合物为乙酰乙酸乙酯和β-二酮时，控制反应条件可以发生单取代和双取代两种产物；当活泼亚甲基类化合物为乙酰乙酰芳胺类化合物来反应时，溴代苯乙酮中的羰基与氨基会发生分子内的关环反应生成吡咯烷-2-酮衍生物，这在以前的研究中是没有发现的。

Now, however, all children continue in "comprehensive" schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow.

然而现在，所有的孩子都要在综合学校继续学习，所以这次考试只是决定他们将要学习哪些课程。

Cultivatable land , and led to a general recognition that development must not be carried at the cost of agriculture .

城区的迅速扩大在很多情况下侵占了宝贵的可耕地，使人们普遍认识到发展不能以牺牲农业为代价。