用显微镜

Methods Fifteen cadaveric heads were taken in this study. The arteries and veins of the heads were perfused with red and blue latex, respectively, for simulating pterion approach under microscope. The spatial relationship between the anterior segment of basal vein and the operation space was examined. The cranium was then removed, the basal vein and its branches were observed and measured in the free brain.

取15具（30侧）尸头标本，动、静脉分别用红、蓝色乳胶灌注，在显微镜下模拟翼点手术入路，分别从手术中常用的间隙进行操作，观察基底静脉前段与手术间隙的关系。

Methods The AD pathological model was made by hippocampal CA 1 lesions due to stereotaxic mini injection of quinolinic acid, the rat's learning and memory were observed by Y maze; the apoptosis of hippocampal cells were detected by using flow cytometry and electronic microscope.

用立体定位技术对海马CA1区微量注射喹啉酸造成AD模型；Y形迷宫检测大鼠学习记忆水平；电子显微镜、流式细胞仪检测海马细胞凋亡。

Methods:Single guinea pig ventricular myocytes were obtained by retrogradely perfusing with collagenase through the aorta.

用主动脉逆向灌流法酶解分离得到单个豚鼠心室肌细胞，在倒置显微镜下，选择质膜完整、横纹清晰的心室肌细胞，利用膜片钳技术经过封接、破膜、电容及串连电阻的补偿形成膜片钳全细胞记录状态。

The adipose derived stem cells of inbreds train of rat wereinduced to differentiate into schwann-like cells and the cells were injectedinto the acellular nerve allograff.The proliferation or adhersion of these cells on the graft were observed by inverted microscope or ScanningElectronic Microscope. Activity of cells were detected using MTT. 10mmnerve gap of inbreds train of rats in two group were bridged by tissue-engineered peripheral nerve or autogenous nerve, the effect wereappraised by naked eye, recovery rate of sciatic function index,nerve-electrophysiological, histology, Transmission ElectronMicroscopy and quantitative analysis of recovery rate of myelinated fiberpopulations,diameter of myelinated fiber and thickness of myelin sheat.

按照前述方法培养并诱导近交系大鼠脂肪干细胞向类Sehwann分化，将诱导分化的脂肪干细胞悬液注入已制备的去细胞同种异体神经支架管中，倒置显微镜观察细胞生长情况；扫描电镜下观察细胞在材料上附着情况；四唑盐比色试验测定细胞活性；取两组近交系大鼠，分别用组织工程化神经和自体神经桥接10mm神经缺损，通过大体观察、坐骨神经功能指数恢复率的测定、神经电生理的测定、组织学光镜观察、透射电镜观察、再生有髓神经纤维计数恢复率、神经纤维直径恢复率、髓鞘厚度恢复率的测定等指标评价实验效果。

Confocal microscopy was used to inestigate corneal thickness, epithelial and stromal cellular density, and subbasal plexus morphology.

用共聚焦显微镜来研究角膜的厚度，上皮细胞和间质细胞的密度以及基质浅丛的形态。

The HPV DNA related sequences, the expression of HPV capside antigen and relationship between the ultrastructural feature of lesion and diverse types of HPV infection in 35 cases of the cervical pr61iferative lesions(cervical condyloma, cervical cancer)were analyzed on the levels of cell,subcell and molecule by using nucleic acid hybridization, immunohistochemical method and electron microscopic technique.

本研究分别用核酸杂交、免疫组织化学和电子显微镜术等方法从细胞、亚细胞和分子水平上比较分析了35例子宫颈增殖性病变中人乳头瘤病毒DNA相关序列，人乳头瘤病毒衣壳抗原的表达以及病变超微结构变化特征与不同型别人乳头瘤病毒感染之间的关系。

The properties of microcapsules,including the surface morphology,the size and distribution were characterized using optical photographic microscopy.Surface tension of the surfactants and interfacial tension of oil /water for sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate solutions at different concentrations were determined by ring method.

采用光学显微镜表征微胶囊粒径大小及分布、表面形貌等性质，用圆环法测定表面活性剂溶液的表面张力和不同十二烷基苯磺酸钠浓度水溶液/环氧树脂的界面张力，探讨了表面活性剂种类和浓度对MUF环氧树脂微胶囊粒径和形成过程的影响。

In order to study the structure of tapetal degeneration in watermelon, especially on the relation-ship between the tapetal degeneration and pollen development, the light and electron microscopes were used.

为研究西瓜绒毡层退化的结构特点，尤其是绒毡层的退化与花粉发育的关系，用光学和电子显微镜研究了西瓜绒毡层退化过程。

The nematic thermotropic liquid crystalline behaviour of ten kinds of PEAs obtained was studied by polarizing microscope , DSC and X-ray diffraction.

用热台偏光显微镜，DSC和X光衍射方法研究了热致液晶的相转变行为，确认了这十种聚酯酰胺均为向列型热致液晶。

he correlation between the interphasial interaction and microstructure in sixpolyblend systems containing thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers hasaam investigated by means of dynamic mechanical spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy.

用动态力学谱仪和扫描电子显微镜测试观察了六个含热致液晶聚合物共混体系中的相间相互作用与微结构。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。