用显微镜

And scanning electron micoscope was employed to analyse the fracture surface of environmental stress cracking of blent LDPE and grafted LDPE.

用红外光谱证明了接枝反应的存在，用电子扫描显微镜分析了共混与接枝后LDPE环境应力开裂的断面形态。

Methods A lamellar flap was produced in the rabbit cornea with a microkeratome. The flap interface in whole corneas and corneal beds were soaked in the rAAV –EGFP solution for 10 min, BSS solution was applied in the control group. The corneas were harvested at day 1, 3, 14, and 21 after application for the structure analysis of cornea by HE staining. Expression of the transferred gene was monitored by fluorescence stereoscope and laser confocal microscope. Results After 3d of infection with rAAV-EGFP ,slight fluorescence was detected in rabbit cornea by fluorescence stereoscope .

微型角膜刀制作兔角膜基质瓣；转染组用含rAAV－EGFP转染液浸泡角膜瓣和角膜基质床10 min，对照组用等量BSS液浸泡角膜瓣和角膜基质床10 min，不同时间点(1、3、7、14、21d)通过荧光体视镜观察角膜出现EGFP荧光的起始时间及分布情况，收集角膜，其中一半用激光共聚焦显微镜观察、照相，另一半固定后行HE染色。

Methods Calcein-AM stained H9/HIV-1 ⅢB cells were treated with difierent concentrations of PF in the first,second and third trimesters respectively,which was then mixed with MT2 cells and put under fluorescent microscopy for detection of HIV-1-mediated syncytium formation.MT2 cells were treated with cell-free HIV-1 Ⅲ B,and then washed and cultured with different concentrations of PF in the first,second and third trimesters respectively.Furthcrly,the protecting effect of PFs against HIV-1-infected cells Was determined with MTT,viral replication Was evaluated by measurement of the levels of p24 antigen in culture supernatants with ELISA and the inhibition rate Was calculated.

采用荧光染料Calcien-AM标记的H9/HIV-1 ⅢB分别与早、中、晚孕期不同稀释浓度的PF作用后，与MT2细胞混合培养，荧光显微镜下观察合胞体的形成；用游离的HIV-1 ⅢB感染MT2细胞，并分别与早、中、晚孕期不同稀释浓度的PF作用后，用MTT法检测HW-1感染细胞的存活率，用HIV-1 p24抗原试剂盒检测细胞培养上清中p24抗原含量的变化。

In this paper, several methods are put forward, by which axial resolution of scan microscope could be improved. One is that detecting method of ordinary laser feedback is improved, the orthogonal polarized lights split by Wollaston prism are detected separately, comparing to the ordinary feedback, the axial resolution is improved about 2.9 times.

提出并实验研究了几种可以提高激光反馈扫描显微镜轴向分辨率的方法，一种方法是对常规激光反馈实验中的探测技术进行了改进，用渥拉斯顿棱镜把垂直偏振光分开探测，轴向分辨率可以提高约 2 9倍；另一种方法是用双频激光器中产生的偏振态相互垂直的o光和e光作为反馈光代替了传统的单一光的反馈，轴向分辨率被提高了约 2倍；第三种方法是用双频激光器中产生的o光或e光作为反馈光，轴向分辨率可以提高约 2 5倍。

The UV and IR spectroscopic studies of the monomer films showed that the photoreaction ratio of monomer (about 50%) was higher than the corresponding photosensitive polymer (about 10%, PVCi). The polarized IR spectra proved that obvious anisotropic absorption was displayed in the irradiated photosensitive film. With polarizing microscopy method, we found that these kinds of photoalignment films exhibited good alignment ability, and the stability of the photoalignment film could reach about 100℃. 2 A photosensitive self-assembled monolayer was fabricated that contained photo-cycloadditable groups, such as, coumarin and cinnamate. The reaction process were detected by contact angle method because the IR absorption of monolayer was very weak. The photosensitive self-assembled monolayer promote uniform alignment of nematic liquid crystals by LPUV, and it thermal stability could reach about 130℃. 3 A cationic bolaform amphiphiles was synthesized that had two photosensitive double bonds, and can be polymerized by ultraviolet. A layer-by-layer self-assembled deposition film was prepared in aqueous solution by using this material and poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The UV-Vis. spectra proved that the multilayers film was uniform and layer-by-layer. When LPUV irradiated the film, the photopolymerizable double bond underwent [2+2] cycloaddition, and the production of the reaction distributed along the polarized direction of incident LPUV. Polarized UV-Vis. spectra indicated that the irradiated self-assembled multiplayer film was anisotropic, and the dichromic ration is about 0.09, it is higher than the spin-coating method of photosensitive polymer or monomer. We used this anisotropic film as alignment layer of nematic liquid crystals, and obtained a uniform and stability alignment result, the static contrast ratio is about 100, which is very close to application of liquid crystal device. This thesis is an instance that the photochemical material was used in the physics region of liquid crystals, the route that was from photosensitive monomer, self-assembled monolayer film to self-assembled multiplayer film was undergone, by this logical research method photoailgnment of liquid crystal was extended and consummated.

围绕上述思路开展了如下工作：1合成了三种可进行光二聚反应的光敏小分子单体，LPUV 辐照制作了光控取向膜；用紫外-可见光谱法和红外光谱法分析了薄膜中的光化学反应，发现小分子的光反应程度可达到50%以上，至少比光敏高分子高出5倍；薄膜的偏振红外光谱证实，经过LPUV 辐照后薄膜出现了明显的各向异性；将小分子光控取向膜制成液晶器件，在偏光显微镜下观察看到均匀一致的液晶取向；并且热稳定性达到100℃左右，接近实用化要求。2制备了含肉桂酸、香豆素基团的自组装单层膜；采用接触角的方法监测自组装反应的动力学过程；紫外-可见光谱证实了自组装单层膜在石英基板表面形成；自组装单层膜经LPUV 辐照后能诱导液晶均匀取向，而且热稳定性可达130℃，热稳定性进一步提高。3合成了含有光敏双键的双季铵盐，在水溶液状态下将它和聚乙烯基苯磺酸钠沉积生成layer-by-layer 自组装多层膜，紫外-可见光谱证实这是一个逐层均匀的沉积；在LPUV 照射下，自组装膜中的光敏双键按照偏振方向发生[2+2]环加成反应，形成取向膜，用二向色性值评价的分子取向度高于高分子及小分子光控取向膜的水平；实验证明用自组装多层膜制成的液晶器件亮暗态均匀，静态对比度约为100，达到实用化器件的水平。

The following examining methods were carried out:(1)Phagocytosis of Monilia albicans by the peritoneal macrophages by means of fluorescence microscopy after acridine orange staining.(2)Measurement of non-specific esterase in Mφ after being stained with α-nephthy acetate by image analysis.

激光照射结束后取小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，分别做如下实验：(1)用荧光显微镜观察腹腔巨噬细胞对白色念珠菌的吞噬功能；(2)用α-荼酚醋酸酯法显示腹腔巨噬细胞内非特异性酯酶，并用图像分析系统对NSE作定量分析；(3)用透射电镜观察腹腔巨噬细胞超微结构的变化。

The function of bone resorption by MGC was examined with coculture of bone slice and MGC. The resorption lacunae were examined with a scanning electron microscope. The activity of acid phosphatase in MGC was observed by Gomori stain. Results: MGCs showed multinuclei (more than 20 nuclei), irriegular peripheral cytoplasm with pseudopodial projections, vacuoles were seen in the cytoplasm.

用倒置相差显微镜观察体外培养的多核巨细胞的一般形态及降钙素对它的影响；用骨片与多核巨细胞共同培养法观察多核巨细胞的体外骨吸收功能，用扫描电镜观察骨吸收陷窝，Gomori染色观察多核巨细胞的酸性磷酸酶活性。

With hydroxylamine hydrochloride as reducing agent mixed gold chloride acid on the surface of the second deposit silicon film growth, measured by scanning electron microscopy of the surface morphology of silicon, this new system of surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity the study of crystal violet probe molecules to study the SERS activity revealed that the system is a very efficient SERS substrate activity, and the SERS activity is better than chemically prepared gold plastic.

用盐酸羟胺作为还原剂混合氯金酸对硅片表面进行二次金膜的生长，用扫描电子显微镜测定硅片的表面形貌，对这种新体系的表面增强拉曼散射活性进行了研究，以结晶紫为探针分子，研究其SERS活性发现该体系是一种非常高效的SERS活性增强基底，并且其SERS活性优于用化学方法制备的金胶。

With hydroxylamine hydrochloride as reducing agent mixed gold chloride acid on the surface of the second deposit silicon film growth, measured by scanning electron microscopy surface morphology of gold films, this new system of surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity the study of crystal violet probe molecules to study the SERS activity revealed that the system is a very efficient SERS substrate activity, and the SERS activity is better than chemically prepared gold plastic.

用盐酸羟胺作为还原剂混合氯金酸对硅片表面进行二次金膜的生长，用扫描电子显微镜测定金膜的表面形貌，对这种新体系的表面增强拉曼散射活性进行了研究，以结晶紫为探针分子，研究其SERS活性发现该体系是一种非常高效的SERS活性增强基底，并且其SERS活性优于用化学方法制备的金胶。

Pure magnesium was treated by A. C. treatment technique in 0.25mol/L NaZSO4+0.1mol/L NAOH solution. The surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The contact angle of the treated surface of pure Mg was measured by the First Ten Angstroms instrument and then its surface free energy can be calculated. The effect of alternating current treatment on the corrosion resistance of the pure magnesium was studied through electrochemical methods in 0.05mol/L NACI+0.01mol/L NAOH solution. The experimental results showed that a uniform and perfect oxide film was formed after A.

采用载波处理方法，用0.25mol/L Na2SO4+0.1mol/L NAOH作为载波处理溶液，对纯镁试样进行载波处理，通过正交试验确定载波处理的最佳工艺参数；用扫描电了显微镜观察载波处理后试样的表面形貌；用First Ten Angstroms仪器测量蒸馏水纯镁的接触角并计算出表面能；用电化学方法研究了在0.05 mol/L NACI+0.01mol/L NAOH溶液中载波处理对纯镁耐蚀性能的影响。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了