生物科学

Over the past two decades, there have been several approximate methods that adopt different mutation models and used for estimating nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution rates based on protein-coding sequences across species or even different evolutionary lineages.

近日，中国科学院北京基因组研究所基因组科学及信息重点实验室通过引入新的参数构造模型，发展了一个新的ka/ks算法，该研究成果在近期出版的 Biology Direct 杂志上发表。比较基因组分析是研究生物进化关系的基本工具，非同义替换率和同义替换率的计算是研究分子进化动力学的重要内容。

Pregnant Nutrimental Granules is manufactured by GMP Factory, BH WIDE BRIGHTNESS, an exclusive American invested company, with advanced techniques and scientific ingredients, under supervision of France Babymier Co., Ltd. to ensure its good quality.

本品工艺先进，配方科学，经法国贝蜜儿有限公司监制，由美国在华独资企业博辉生物药业有限公司于GMP工厂生产，确保品质优良。

Eugene Odum, one of the founders of the science of ecology, stated:"Any unit that includes all of the organisms (ie: the "community") in a given area interacting with the physical environment so that a flow of energy leads to clearly defined trophic structure, biotic diversity, and material cycles (ie: exchange of materials between living and nonliving parts) within the system is an ecosystem."

一位生态科学的奠基人，说过：&任何单位，它包括某一地区内所有的生物体，这些生物体同自然环境相互作用引起能量的流动，从而生成营养结构、生物多样性和物质循环（如：有生命体和无生命体之间的物质转化），这样的单位就是生态系统。&

Thanks to modern scientific research development, with the high-tech shortly subscribing for raw materials (biology fiber soybean protein fiber), it is no longer limited to the effect, more with the wires of healthy opsonize effect!

得益于现代科学的研究发展，以刚刚面世不久的高科技生物纤维为原料，它的功效则不再有限与矫形美体，更具有亚健康调理的各种功效！

Thanks to modern scientific research development, with the high-tech shortly subscribing for raw materials (biology fiber soybean protein fiber), it is no longer limited to the effect, more with the wires of healthy opsonize effect!

得益于今世科学的切磋成长，以方才面世不久的高科技生物纤维为材料，它的感化则不再有限与矫形美体，更具有亚健康调度的各种感化！

Heterocyclic compounds contianing oxazole or thiazole moiety are also an important organic fluorescent compounds,which extensively exist in nature compounds and have superior biological activities.

含有噻唑和噁唑母体的杂环化合物广泛存在于天然化合物中，具有很好的生物活性，而且还是一类很重要的有机荧光材料，因而受到广大科学研究者的广泛关注。

So, a lot of fundamental research work needed to be done, including screening Daphnia, as a biomonitor, that is sensitive to toxicant but less to environment changing so as to decrease the environmental interferences for obtaining more accurate determination results; exploring the relationship between the phototactic behavior of Daphnia and pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphate, heavy metal, hormone and pesticide, especially their mixtures; studying the effect of environmental conditions such as temperature, pH and fish kairomones on the phototactic behavior of Daphnia.

口。。。口国。国里华典翩胭角嗓国但由于缺乏有效的研究方法，致使有关研究难于开展，人们不得不忽略有害物质之间的互相作用，把有害物质共同存在情况视为单一存在。因此，研究氮、磷和重金属对水搔趋光行为的影响规律，有益于认识富营养化水体和重金属污染的土壤中污染物之间的相互作用，弄清这些污染元素共存时产生的生物和环境效应，这些研究是治理土壤和水体污染之前必须解决的重大科学问题。

So, a lot of fundamental research work needed to be done, including screening Daphnia, as a biomonitor, that is sensitive to toxicant but less to environment changing so as to decrease the environmental interferences for obtaining more accurate determination results; exploring the relationship between the phototactic behavior of Daphnia and pollutantssuch as nitrogen, phosphate, heavy metal, hormone and pesticide, especially their mixtures; studying the effect of environmental conditions such as temperature, pH and fish kairomones on the phototactic behavior of Daphnia.

口。。。口国。国里华典翩胭角嗓国但由于缺乏有效的研究方法，致使有关研究难于开展，人们不得不忽略有害物质之间的互相作用，把有害物质共同存在情况视为单一存在。因此，研究氮、磷和重金属对水搔趋光行为的影响规律，有益于认识富营养化水体和重金属污染的土壤中污染物之间的相互作用，弄清这些污染元素共存时产生的生物和环境效应，这些研究是治理土壤和水体污染之前必须解决的重大科学问题。

The blots were probed with anti-Cdx-2, anti-JNK (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, California), anti-ERK, anti-phospho -ERK, antip38MAPK,anti-p-p38MAPK, anti-p-JNK (Cell Signaling, Beverly, Massachusetts) and anti-actin (Amersham Life Sciences,Piscataway, New Jersey) antibodies, and then incubated with appropriate species specific secondary antibodies labeled with horseradish peroxidase.

Blots分别与抗CDX-2抗体，抗JNK抗体（圣克鲁斯生物技术，圣克鲁斯，加州），抗ERK抗体，抗phospho -ERK抗体，抗p38MAPK抗体，抗p-p38MAPK抗体，抗p-JNK抗体（Cell Signaling， Beverly，美国马萨诸塞州）和抗actin抗体（ Amersham生命科学，皮斯卡塔韦，新泽西州）作用，然后在与辣根过氧化物酶标记的第二抗体孵育。

In this study, Dr. Anderson and colleagues analyzed prediagnostic serum samples and patient data from the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial, a randomized chemoprevention trial that evaluated the effects of beta-carotene and retinol on the incidence of lung cancer among individuals at high risk for the disease.

参与Fred Hutchinson癌症研究中心公共健康科学小组的Anderson医师表示，我不知道目前是否有其他生物标记比这些更有效，但是在过去几年间，有许多关於找到可能标记的尝试，不过，并不是每个都有充分研究。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。