生物科学

To undergraduate education, organic chemistry is an important basic course for many agrobiology professions including life sciences, food science, biomedicine and environmental sciences. It is also a conceptual, structural and more experimental course with principle.

对于本科教育来说，有机化学是包括生命科学、食品科学生物医学和环境科学等在内的诸多农业生物学专业的一门重要的学科基础课程，同时也是一门原理性、概念性、结构性和实验性较强的课程。

The author reviews the science and technology history home and abroad,and introduces the neoteric revolution in this field,focusing on the four scientific discoveries-the Big Bang,the quark model in material structure,the plate structure,and the DNA double helix structure-and the five technological invention-nuclear technology,space technology,information technology,biotechnology and nanometer technology-in the 20th century and their academic base of theory of relativity and quantum mechanics;and the writer...

回顾了中国和世界科学技术发展的基本历程；介绍了近代的科学革命和技术革命；重点论述了20世纪科学发现和技术发明的理论基础是相对论和量子力学，以及20世纪的四大科学发现——宇宙大爆炸理论、物质结构夸克模型、大地构造板块学说和DNA双螺旋结构和五大技术发明——核技术、空天技术、信息技术、生物技术和纳米技术；展望了21世纪科技发展前途；提供了油气开发与利用的信息。

This paper also summarizes the scientific issues the current biogeography focuses on, with an emphasis on the applications of biogeographical approaches in biodiversity conservation.

学科思想的演变也使得生物地理学研究内容发生变化，本文还综述了当今生物地理学所关注的科学问题，并重点论述了生物地理学方法在生物多样性保护中的应用。

GSBS provides training in 21 major areas of study and an interdisciplinary option, including biochemistry, biomathematics and biostatistics, cancer, cell, human and molecular genetics, neuroscience, virology and gene therapy so on, and curriculum in space life sciences, biostatistics and vascular biology.

研究所提供了21个学科领域的研究以及学科间的研究，包括生物化学，生物数学和生物统计学，癌，细胞，人类和分子遗传学，神经科学，病毒学和基因疗法等，以及空间生命科学，生物统计学和血管生物学的课程。

Biodiversity is one of the front areas of current biological research. The mechanisms of the formation, spatial distribution pattern, conservation and utilization of biodiversity have been an important area of biological and environmental research. In this study, through analyses of data about plant diversity, animal diversity, geographic factors, climatic factors, and energy factors by use of GIS software, statistic software and ecology software, the mainland of China was divided into 241 small districts of 2° by 2°. The environmental factors in each district were analyzed and isopleth maps of environmental elements were depicted.

生物多样性是当今生物学研究的热点问题之一，生物多样性的形成机制和分布格局以及保护利用问题一直是生物学和环境科学所研究的重要内容，本文由此出发，以中国陆地为研究区域，通过植物多样性数据、动物多样性数据、地理因子、气候因子、能量因子等资料，利用MAPGIS、MAPINFO等GIS软件，SPSS、DPS等统计学软件以及CANOCO等生态学软件，将中国陆地划分为241个小区，分析了各区内的环境特点，统计了各区内生物多样性的数量，并绘出环境因子等值线图，中国陆地种子植物科、属、种，裸子植物种、蕨类植物种、兽类、鸟类、爬行类、两栖类种数的等值线分布图，对中国陆地植物、动物多样性现状、分布格局及与环境因子的关系进行了研究。

Ecology is about the favorable relationship among lives-form and favorable relationship between life-form and the environment.

生态的原始含义指的是生物与生物及生物与环境之间的良性互动关系，生态学是研究有机体或有机群体与其周围环境关系的科学。

With the fast development of biopharmacy, transgenic chicken oviduct bioreactor is going to be the focus of people's attention. For its excellent advantages, transgenic chicken will be one of rising industries in the field of biopharmacy and hot spot of scientific study.

随着生物制药业的迅速发展，转基因鸡输卵管生物反应器正逐渐成为人们关注的焦点，转基因鸡以其卓越的优势必将成为科学研究的热点和生物制药领域的新兴产业之一。

The first axis can basically reflect the elevation gradient variation and the second axis was closely relative to the relationship between water environment and the life form of constructive species.

随着社会的发展，生物多样性研究也越来越受到全球的关注，物种多样性作为生物多样性组成内容之一，是研究和保护生物多样性的基础和核心，深入探讨物种多样性的科学本质和变化规律，研究物种多样性及其生存环境的关系对于生物多样性保护具有重要价值。

The whole PPT-reports of the Forum have put into "Complex Network Science Forum Circle" on Science Network in China (Please see: hettp//www.sciencene.cn/g/ComplexNets ) and also appear on the CCAST-WL Webside (Please see: www.ccast.ac.cn/workshop ). Main issues of the Forum are associated main subject of Network Science with application, including: review and outlook of network science ,spreading model of the H1N1 influenza virus , dynamics of neural network , brain functional networks,dynamics of topological structure, military network science with application, space structure of complex networks, community structure,,stationary e fficiency of coevolutionary networks , significance of community structure,,relationshipe between structure and dynamics of complex network, generalized synchronization and control, consensus of multi-agent systems, evolutionary game and friendship network, s preading of epidemic based on human and animal mobility pattern, complex network engineerings, and so on.

本届论坛文集共收编了32篇 ppt 报告，已经公布在中国科学网"复杂网络论坛圈"上（请看： hettp//www.sciencene.cn/g/ComplexNets 并且也发表在中国高等科学技术中心网站上（ the CCAST-WL Webside ）(请看： www.ccast.ac.cn/workshop )，这些报告内容丰富，各具特色，颇有创新，基本涵盖了近年来我国网络科学领域若干重要课题的研究进展和丰硕成果，课题研究颇有深度，不仅具有现实意义的重要课题（如甲型流感全球大爆发之经验统计及其传播模型），而且有前沿课题：生物神经网络系统的动力学与大脑网络，还有一系列重要课题：网络拓扑结构的动力学识别与估计、军事网络科学、网络科学在工程应用、多个体一致性、网络结构与动力学之间关系、同步-协同-中性稳定性和流型的稳定性、网络系统的协调动力学与控制、复杂网络的空间结构、连续系统和离散系统中的广义同步、疾病免疫算法、网络节点匹配、电力网、供应链网、化工网、通讯网与保密通信，等等。

DARPA's Bio-Revolution thrust has four broad elements:?? Protecting Human Assets refers to the Biological Warfare Defense work mentioned earlier.?? Enhanced System Performance work is developing new systems with the autonomy and adaptability of living things by developing biologically inspired materials, processes, and devices embodied in systems such as biorobotics.?? Enhanced Human Performance is aimed at preventing humans from becoming the weakest link in the U.S. military by exploiting the life sciences to make the individual warfighter stronger, more alert, more endurant, and better able to heal.??

DARPA的生物革命突破具备四个广泛的要素*保护人类财产指的是先前提出的生物防御工作*提升系统性能指的是通过发展生物材料、过程和装置，形成诸如生物机器人的一体化系统来发展具有自主性的生存适应能力的新型系统*加强人类表现旨在通过探索生命科学使个人武器更强大、更灵敏、更持久、更容易修复，以防止人成为美国军队中最弱的一环。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。