生物学上

Meanwhile, we highlight several research corners for future further study, the trade-offs on resource allocation within perennial plant had not been proved, the relationship of neighbor effects and reproductive allocation was still not so clear for individual plant, there was no definite conclusion on perennial plant reproductive strategy under different neighbor effects and different habitats. The relationship between reproductive allocation and sexual allocation , the cause of resource distribution in anthotaxy structure, the similarities and differences of reproductive allocation and the maintain mechanism within all kinds of reproductivest rategy need a further investigation. In addition, a molecular study is required for explaining the variation mechanism and the biological meanings on seed size research.

指出生活史研究仍存在不足首先是研究内容上，资源分配在多年生植物中的权衡仍未被有力证明，邻体效应与繁殖分配的关系在个体水平上仍不明了，多年生植物在不同邻体效应和生境下将采取何种繁殖对策目前尚无明确的结论；繁殖分配与性分配之间的关系，引起花序结构上资源分配差异的原因，各种繁殖对策中繁殖分配异同与维持机制等问题仍有待于进一步的研究；种子大小的变异机制以及生物学意义仍未得到令人满意的答复，更需分子水平上的研究来解释其机理。

Methods: TOCA was labeled with (superscript 99m)Tc using HYNIC as bifunctional chelator, EDDA and trieine as coligand. The nude mice bearing human small cell lung cancer underwent static whole body planar imaging after the injection of (superscript 99m)Tc-HYNIC-TOCA or (superscript 99m)Tc-P829. ROIs were drawn and the radioactivity ratios of target to non-target were calculated in every planar imaging. The dynamic biodistribution study was operated in Kunming mice and the percent uptake ratios of two imaging agents in different tissue at different time were measured.

以HYNIC为双功能螯合剂(bifunctional chelator， BFC)，乙二胺－N，N'-二乙酸和三甲基甘氨酸为协同配体进行TO-CA的(上标 99m)Tc标记；以(上标 99m)Tc-HYNIC-TOCA和(上标 99m)Tc-P829为显像剂，对荷人类小细胞肺癌裸鼠进行显像，通过感兴趣区技术进行半定量分析，计算并比较两种显像剂的靶/非靶比值；在昆明鼠体内进行动态生物学分布实验，测定并比较不同时点两种显像剂在各脏器的克组织百分摄取率。

Get high purity DCs by Cultured plastic-adherent monocytes isolated from healthy human peripheral blood with GM-CSF and IL-4 for 7 days. To observe the morphology of DCs by inverted phase contrast microscope ,electron microscope and laser confocal microscope. Analyse phenotype of DCs with flow cytometry. Investigate the endocytosis ability of DCs as a group by Horseradish peroxidase endocytosis assay. To appraise allogeneic mixed lymphocytes reaction of DCs by MTT reduction assay. Analyse the levels of IL-12 and TNF in liquids of cultured medium by ELISA and MTT reduction assay respectively. Soluble antigens of HCCs was obtained by 3 freeze-and-thaw cycles. Biological characteristics of HC soluble antigens pulsed DCs were monitored by flow cytometry. According to MTT reduction assay estimated the cell proliferation of self lymphocytes activated by HC antigens pulsed DCs. Get high purity BCG HSP 70 protein by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and determined its biological activity with ELISA. Analyse phenotype of antigen pulsed DCs primed by BCG HSP70 with flow cytometry. By MTT reduction assay estimated the cell proliferation of self lymphocytes and the MLR of DC based vaccine. Analyse expression of HLA-DR molecule on surface of HCC lines. The IFN-γ mRNA in lymphocytes after actived by DC vaccine and the Fas-L expression on DC and DC vaccine primed lymphocytes were detected by in situ hybridization and flow cytometry respectively. Specific cytotoxity lysis of T lymphocytes and nonspecific inhibition of liquids in culture medium against HCC lines were also tested. Detect expression of hAFP on four HCC lines with Cell-ELISA. Induce apoptosis of HCCs with actinomycin-D. Interaction of DCs and apoptotic cells was observed under transmission electron microscope. Growth inhibition test of DC against HCC lines was also performed. Establish the nude mouse model bearing human HC xenografts and indentify the characteristic of tumour by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry techniques. Prevent and treat transplanted human HC on nude mouse with Freezing and anabiotic HC specific lymphocytes.

用GM-CSF和IL-4从健康人外周血诱导DC；分别用倒置相差显微镜、电子显微镜及激光共聚焦显微镜观察DC形态；流式细胞术检测DC表型；HRP吞噬实验测定DC的群体内吞能力；MTT法检测同种异体混合淋巴细胞反应；ELISA法和MTT法分别测定DC培养上清液中IL-12和TNF水平；冻融法制备肝癌细胞可溶性抗原；流式细胞术检测负载肝癌可溶性抗原后DC的生物学特性；MTT法检测DC负载肝癌抗原后对自身淋巴细胞增殖的影响；SDS-PAGE制备电泳纯化BCG HSP70并鉴定纯度，ELISA测定活性；流式细胞术检测负载抗原DC经BCGHSP 70活化后的表型；MTT法检测肝癌DC疫苗对自身淋巴细胞增殖的影响和混合淋巴细胞反应；流式细胞术检测肝癌细胞表面HLA-DR表达；MTT法检测肝癌DC疫苗对自身淋巴细胞的活化；原位杂交法检测肝癌DC疫苗活化后的淋巴细胞IFN-γmRNA表达；流式细胞术检测DC和肝癌DC疫苗活化后淋巴细胞表面Fas-L；MTT法分别检测肝癌DC疫苗活化的淋巴细胞和其培养上清对肝癌细胞的特异性杀伤和非特异性抑制作用；Cell-ELISA检测人肝癌细胞hAFP表达；MTT法检测负载AFP表位肽和凋亡肝癌细胞DC对自身淋巴细胞增殖的影响；ELISA法和MTT法分别测定活化后淋巴细胞培养上清中TNF和IL-12水平；肝癌细胞凋亡的诱导和检测；DC吞噬凋亡肝癌细胞后的电子显微镜观察；DC对肝癌细胞的生长抑制试验；人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤动物模型的建立及其组织学和免疫组织化学鉴定；DC及肝癌特异性淋巴细胞预防和治疗人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤；冻存和复苏后的肝癌特异性淋巴细胞预防和治疗人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤。

Zhang dongsun reflected the relation between scientific knowledge and human being from biology of knowledge, axiological philosophy and sociology of knowledge.

张东荪从知识的生物学、价值哲学以及知识社会学等层次上反思科学知识与人的存在之间的关联；冯友兰以理性、觉解来理解、规定人性，已经从原则上把科学知识纳入到人性中；冯契在实践基础上把认识世界与认识自己、发展自己统一起来，把科学活动作为成就自己的一个环节，这就从存在论上找到了科学知识与人的存在间的亲缘关系。

Colonies on improved agar, when grown 24～48 hours at 37℃ in a candle jar, are 1～2mm in diameter, convex, entire, transparent, glistening, and butyrous. Some strains produce slimy growth. Colonies on clear media are iridescent when observed with obliquely transmitted light.

生物学特性研究表明，该菌在普通营养琼脂平板上不生长，在改良琼脂平板上，烛缸中，37℃培养24～48h后可形成微凸起、边缘整齐、透明有光泽的奶油状光滑型菌落，无溶血现象，菌落无色素，直径1～2mm，在麦康凯培养基上不生长。

They encompass the following broad bands of biological roles:(1) basic structural units of cellular membranes and cytologically distinct subcellular bodies such as chloroplasts and mitochondria;(2) compartmentalizing units for metabolically active proteins localized in membranes;(3) a store of chemical energy and carbon skeletons; and (4) primary transport systems of nonpolar material through biological fluids.

这类物质无论在功能上还是结构上都有明显不同，它们具有以下广泛的生物学作用。1。细胞膜和细胞中亚细胞器，如叶绿体和线粒体的基本结构单元。2。定位于细胞膜上具有代谢活性蛋白质的划分单位。3。化学能和碳骨架的储藏物质。4。以生物流的形式使细胞内非极性物质得以运输。

Biological characteristics of the pathogen and the resistance of 13 cultivars of tea plant to tea brown blight were studied by means of natural infection in the field and artificial inoculation in vitro. Resistant cultivars and susceptible cultivars of tea plant were divided. And the resistance mechanism was researched tentatively. The findings are as follows: 1 Some biological characteristics of the pathogenic fungus The experiment result showed: the optimum temperature for the growth of fungus mycelium was from 24 to 27℃, the optimum temperature for sporulation ranged 22 to 30℃. Treated at 54℃ in 10 minutes, the spores didn't germinate. The optimum pH for the growth of the mycelium was 5.1～5.9, the optimum pH for sporulation ranged 5.0～6.0. Light had no much effect on the growth of fungus mycelium, but had much effect on the reproduction of the spore.

首先，研究了茶云纹叶枯病病菌的生物学特性；其次，通过田间抗性调查和室内人工接种鉴定，对 13 个茶树品种进行了抗病性鉴定；第三，在前人研究的基础上，对茶树抗病机理作了更深入的研究，结果发现： 1 病原菌的生物学特性病原菌的分生孢子萌发的最适温度范围为 24～27℃，菌丝生长的最适温度范围为 22～30℃；致死温度为 55℃；菌丝生长的最适 pH 范围为 5.1～5.9，孢子萌发的最适 pH 范围是 5.0～6.0；光照对病菌生长速度及分生孢子萌发影响不大，但对其产孢的影响很大，特别是有光照与无光照处理之间差异显著，光照有利于分生孢子的形成。

This article author in to the high school biology teaching present situation investigation foundation in, proposed in the high school biology experiment exists question and solution, for reference.

本文作者在对高中生物学教学现状调查的基础上，提出高中生物学实验中存在的问题及解决的办法，供参考。

Presently, the study of hypoxia and its adaptation mechanism is mainly focus on the oxygen intake related system, include respiratory, circulatory and central nerve system which was highly sensitive to the concentrition of oxygen.

目前，研究者采用分子生物学、分子遗传学、细胞生物学、免疫学及电生理学等多种技术和手段，在整体、器官、组织、细胞和分子水平上，对神经、血液-造血、循环、呼吸及内分泌等系统在低氧条件下其功能的改变及低氧适应机制进行了较全面和系统的研究。

Liu. The factors affect the quality of platelets during the course of preparation, two cryobiology parameters of platelets and the new characteristics of new subpopulations in cryopreservated platelets were studied based on methods selected or set up in our laboratory.

在遴选和建立血小板新质量检测新方法的基础上研究冰冻血小板的制作过程中血小板质量影响因素和冰冻血小板的部分低温生物学参数以及冰冻血小板的新生物学特性。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。