生物型

METHODS To analyze its biotype,antibioticgram,serotype,plasmidgram and their relationship combining the clinical test examination.

方法结合检验工作，先后用生物分型、抗菌谱分型、血清分型和质粒图谱分型，再交互分析其关系。

In the biotechnology area, we has set up polytype Handson yeast express system which owned freedom intellectual property rights, including:(1) URA3 - defective nutrition host cell strain HU-II;(2) secretion and intracellylar expressing plasmid carrier pMPT-01、pMPT-02;(3) a platform for semi-works

在生物技术领域：建立了拥有自主知识产权、较为完善的多型汉逊酵母表达系统，包括：（1）URA3 -营养缺陷型宿主细胞株HU-II；（2）分泌型和胞内型表达质粒载体pMPT-01、pMPT-02；（3）汉逊酵母细胞电穿孔转化操作程序及多拷贝、稳定化整合转化子筛选程序；（4）中试生产规模的发酵和纯化平台。

Biceps, triceps, subscapular, chest, midaxillary, abdomen, suprailiac, thigh, and media calf skinfolds were measured by Lange skinfold caliper (Lange corp., Cambridge, Maryland, U.S.) in 50 male college students. percent body fat were also measured by two newly portable simple BIA analyzer Tanita TBF-501 (Tanita corp., Tokyo) and Omron HBF-300 (Omron corp., Kyoto). We also got the Anthropometry data Body mass index (BMl, waist-to-hip ratio for assessment of obesity and in comparison with one Japanese, two American, and two European skinlold prediction equations.

本研究以两所大学院校之青年男生共50名为研究对象，以Tanita TBF -501型、Omron HBF -300型两种简易携带型生物电子阻抗仪（Bioimpedance analysis，以下简称BIA）所实测而得之体脂肪比率，加上九点皮脂厚测量值与腰围、臀围、体重等测量值，套用一种日本、两种美国及两种欧洲体脂肪比率预测公式与国内外多种肥胖判别公式，进行分析比较。

The present dissertation reviews the total synthesis of biotin, particularly on Hoffmann-La Roche\'s Lactone-Thiolactone approach. The Lactone-Thiolactone approach is presently the most competitive commercial route, which gives an excellent illustration of the gradual construction of the functionalized skeleton with the simultaneous solution of the stereochemical issues in a minimal number of steps.In 1970, Gerecke etc. of Roche Corp.

论文对生物素全合成的文献进行了综述，重点讨论了目前工业上最有竞争力的内酯—硫代内酯路线，展示了生物素是如何以最少的步骤去逐步构建目标产物的官能团骨架并同时解决立体化学问题的。1970年，Roche公司的Gerecke等报道了一条通过手性内酯，以较高收率并保持构型得到手性硫代内酯，从而直接合成d-生物素的方法后，该中间体内酯(3aS，6aR)-1，3-二苄基。

A new trick using Trichogramma brassicae asvectors to transmit Dendrolimus punctatus cypovirus was developed (called"Biological missiles Dp-Ⅰ") to control the Dendrolimus punctatus in the field. Sincethen, we collect the single caterpillar from both areas used Dp-Ⅰand controlled areasevery year, and A nested-PCR-based assay for the detection of those samples wasdeveloped, The results showed that the positive reaction rate of the first year is 40～70％; and second year is 30～80％, on the other hand, the positive reaction rate of thecontrolled areas are 10～40％and 10～20％.

第二章对马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒的流行病做了初步的调查，应用巢式RT-PCR方法检测从野外释放&生物导弹Dp-Ⅰ&的林区采集马尾松毛虫单虫样本，结果发现：2006年释放&生物导弹Dp-Ⅰ&的王福店林区的松毛虫体内DpCPV阳性率为40～70％，平均阳性率为58％，相应对照区的阳性率为10～40％，平均阳性率为24％；2005年释放&生物导弹Dp-Ⅰ&的丁家畈林区松毛虫体内DpCPV阳性率为30～80％，平均值也为58％，相应对照区的阳性率为10～20％，平均值为16％。

In order to disclose the adaptive strategies and capacity of Potaninia mongolica Maxim, acquired during its evolution history, the whole response system, which was composed of individual morphology plasticity response, organs anatomy structure response, physiological function response of anti-arid and anti-hotness, activities of protective enzymes response, endogenous hormone adjustment response, sexual reproduction strategies response of seeding, dispreading, sprouting and renewing, asexual reproduction strategies response of clonal growth patterns, clonal growth architectures, clonal growth architectures plasticity, heterogeneous resources utilization strategies, endogenous hormone distribution in clonal organs, foraging behavior, risk-spreading, and resource sharing, individual density allocation patterns response, niche differentiation response, species connection response, allelopathy response and biodiversity components response of the plant was profoundly explored in this paper.The studies come to at least four important results:(1) Taking the sensitive response and evading strategy to adapt to environment stress, Potaninia mongolica Maxim is a successful species has lived through the long-term evolution. Nevertheless, it is narrow climate and soil niche and characteristic of vegetation reproduction which has made the plant a rare and endangered species.

本论文通过对绵刺环境胁迫下个体形态可塑性响应、器官解剖结构响应、抗旱性和抗热性生理功能响应、保护酶系统激活响应、内源激素调控响应，有性繁殖对策中结实、扩散、萌发、更新等生活史过程响应，无性繁殖对策中克隆生长格局响应、克隆生长构型响应、克隆生长构型可塑性响应、克隆生长构型与资源异质性响应、内源激素调控克隆生长构型响应、克隆器官结构与功能响应、觅食行为响应、风险分摊响应、资源共享响应，种群中格局配置响应、生态位分异响应，群落中种间关联、异株克生响应、生物多样性组成响应等内容进行研究，揭示绵刺在进化过程中的适应对策和适应能力，为绵刺保护提供理论依据。

Thinking of presenting problems, this research mainly studied some solid base catalysts which own higher catalysis ability and longer lifetime. Then, the phase diagram and equilibrium data of oil-alcohol-biodiesel-glycerol multiphase system were measured because the biodiesel producing process lacks of thermodynamic data.Based on a double-membranes theory and the thermodynamic data, a kinetic model was proposed. In addition, a mult-step extraction process was proposed to dispose the jatropha curcas l oil with high acid value in order to decrease the acid value. Then, a new technology of biodiesel producing using solid base as a catalyst was developed. The study objects and results are as follows.

本研究针对负载型固体碱催化剂活性组分易流失、使用寿命短的缺点，制备了高效、稳定的固体碱催化剂；针对生物柴油制备体系热力学数据缺乏的问题，测定了大豆油-醇-生物柴油-甘油体系的相图和平衡特性，在此基础上基于双膜理论，建立了固体碱制备生物柴油的动力学模型；同时针对酸价较高的麻疯果油，提出了先用甲醇或乙醇多级萃取降低酸价，再用固体碱催化制备的新工艺。

On the basis of analyzing the geochemical indicators of the biogases of coal-bed gas type found at home and abroad and analyzing the geological conditions of forming these biagases,in comparison with the geological conditions and oil and gas distribution in Langgu Sag and in combination with microbial analogic experimental data,it is proposed that the types of the shallow gas in Langgu Sag should be biogenic transform gas and telogenetic biogas.

文章在对国内、外煤层气型生物气的地化分析数据和形成的地质条件分析的基础上，与廊固凹陷地质条件和油气分布状况相对比，结合微生物模拟实验数据，提出廊固凹陷的浅层天然气类型为生物改造气和后期式生物气，并初步阐明了其形成机制。

Based on the results of investigation on fermentation properties of citric acid, xanthem gum and Bt in ALRs enhanced by means of K, H and X-type static mixing elements, large-scale fermenters with the several static mixing elements have been designed.

在实验室分别对K型和H型环流反应器进行了强化柠檬酸发酵和黄原胶发酵研究和对R型和X型及O型环流反应器进行了对比Bt发酵研究的基础上，已分别设计出工业规模的高效气升式环流生物反应器。

Methods: A total of 142 vibrio choleras strains collected from outbreaks in Fujian in 2005 were analyzed by serotyping, phage-biotyping and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis.

采用血清学分型法、噬菌体－生物分型法及PFGE分型法对2005年霍乱疫情中不同来源的142株霍乱弧菌进行分型分析。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。