生物圈

It is the important objective of the core project "Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems" of International Geosphere Biosphere Project to prodict the feedback of terrestrial ecosystems on atmosphere and climate and the responses of the structure and function of ecosystems, natural and managed, to global change in finer scales.

预测陆地生态系统对大气和气候的反馈作用及在更微观的尺度上预测全球变化对自然和农业生态系统的结构和功能的效应是国际地圈－生物圈计划的核心项目"全球变化与陆地生态系统"的重要研究目标。

Between biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.

理解环境表示理解在生物圈，地圈，水圈和大气之间的相互作用。

At present, it was generally thought that hydrothermal system and extreme biological phenomena are the combination of organic world and inorganic, and be of best target to study interactions of sphere layers, geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and etc.

目前，人们已普遍认为，作为有机世界与无机世界的结合点，海底热液系统与极端生命现象是研究地圈、生物圈、水圈等各圈层相互作用的最佳对象。

The Global Analysis, Integration and Modelling Task Force is a component of the International Geosphere Biosphere Program of the International Council of Scientific Unions.The goal of GAIM is to advance the study of the coupled dynamics of the Earth system using as tools both data and models.

"全球分析、解释与建模研究"是国际科学委员会创建的研究项目——国际地圈生物圈研究计划的一部分，该研究的目的是利用相关数据和建模技术对地球系统动力学耦合进行分析和研究。

This paper focuses on the application of the methods developed in ISAM to the Borehole Safety Assessment which is based on the Borehole Disposal Concept of Nuclear Energy Company of South African.The hypothetical geosphere and biosphere characteristics for the safety assessment are derived from the radioactive waste disposal site in northwestern China.

本文采用ISAM中开发的评价方法，参考南非原子能公司的钻孔设计概念，并根据我国西北放射性废物处置场的岩石圈和生物圈特性假定场址，对废放射源钻孔处置安全评价方法进行了研究，为我国废源钻孔处置的安全性提供依据。

The contents of the study on Earth environment and life processes include (1) chemical, physical and biological processes under the interactions between Earth environment and life processes, and the interactions among geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere;(2)distinguishing the contributions of the human activities and natural processes to global change;(3)evaluating the possible impacts of climatic and environmental changes on life processes and its feedbacks;(4)discovering the adaptation of life processes to Earth environment and its adjustment mechanism.

地球环境与生命过程研究的内涵就是研究地球环境与生命过程相互作用中的各种化学、物理、生物过程，以及其在地圈、水圈、大气圈、生物圈各子系统之间发生的相互作用，增进对地球系统的理解和认识，区分人类活动与自然过程在全球变化中的作用，评估气候与环境变化对生命过程的影响及其反馈作用，揭示生命过程对于地球环境的适应性及其调控机理，为科学地管理地球，确保地球系统的可持续发展提供依据。

The recent internationally collaborated project of Past Global Changes, organized by the IGBP (International Geosphere–Biosphere Programme), is directed at reconstructing natural- and human-induced variations in key climate sys- tems of the past.

最近的国际合作项目在过去的全球变化，由在国际地圈生物圈计划，是针对改造自然以及人类引起的气候变化的关键系统电信设备制造商过去。

Nowadays,the properties of sediments changed by bioturbation have been concerned by International Geosphere and Biosphere Plan, especially the problems about the bioturbation and hydrodynamic coupling led to the tidal flat sediment flow differences.

如今，生物扰动对潮滩沉积物性质的改变已越来越引起国际地圈、生物圈计划的关注，尤其是生物扰动和水动力的耦合作用影响潮滩沉积物渗流差异问题。

In real life it is nearly impenetrable to humans, but in Bio2, it served as a little hideaway for both wildlife and humans.

在真实世界中，这种地域对于人类来说几乎是不可穿越的。但是在生物圈2号中，它却为人类和野生动物提供了一小块隐居地。

Life could be seen as a complex interaction of lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere and its genesis is reviewed in different hypotheses.

可以把生命活动看成是岩石圈、大气圈、水圈及生物圈之间的一种复杂的相互作用。生命的起源，可以不同的看法来进行检阅。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。