生物合成

With the hierarchical structure and special assembly. Biomimetic synthesis in spired by the biomineralization involves the controlled formation of inorganic materials with organic assembly as template, and the production of inorganic materials with special microstructure and excellent physical and chemical properties.

仿生合成就是将生物矿化的机理引入无机材料合成，以有机物的组装体为模板，去控制无机物的形成，制备具有独特显微结构特点的无机材料，使材料具有优异的物理和化学性能。

This study is design and preparation of active peptide analogues of mung bean trypsin inhibitor Lys fragment, Trichosanthes trypsin inhibitor I, carcinoembryonic antigen peptide and aspartame using solid and liquid phase peptide synthesis methods.

本论文研究活性多肽类似物的设计、制备和功能，分为四个部分，采用多肽固相和液相合成的方法，分别合成了活性多肽绿豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂 Lys片段长链16肽、天花粉胰蛋白酶抑制剂、癌胚抗原肽、甜味肽等一系列类似物，并测定了这些类似物的生物活性，有以下新的研究结果：1、furin酶抑制剂的设计、制备和功能；2、芳香氨基酸芳环之间的π-π共轭能部分补偿二硫键的作用；3、癌胚抗原肽Gly4被L-Pro替代可增加与HLA-A2分子的结合；4、肽键对甜味肽保持甜味是必须的。

Part Four: Attempt of the Abnormal Beckmann Rearrangement to the Synthesis of Indole Alkaloids Indole alkaloid is one of the most significant important alkaloid and its synthesis is a continuing interesting work.

Scheme 3 〓四、手性吲哚类生物碱的合成初探手性吲哚类生物碱是一类具有重要生物活性的生物碱，它们的合成研究是有机化学家持续感兴趣的课题。

The special characteristics of stop codons usage in termination of protein biosynthesis in ciliates cells makes them an ideal model to study the mechanism of stop codon recognition of polypeptides release factors.

原生动物纤毛虫是一类单细胞真核生物，其蛋白质合成终止过程中密码子使用的特殊性使其成为研究蛋白质合成终止机制的一个经典模型。

Highly active, small-molecule furin inhibitors are attractive drug candidates to fend off bacterial exotoxins and viral infection. Based on the 22-residue, active Lys fragment of the mung bean trypsin inhibitor, a series of furin inhibitors were designed and synthesized, and their inhibitory activity toward furin and kexin was evaluated using enzyme kinetic analysis. The most potent inhibitor, containing 16 amino acid residues with a Ki value of 2.45×10~(-9) M for furin and of 5.60×10~(-7) M for kexin, was designed by three incremental approaches.

本论文研究活性多肽类似物的设计、制备和功能，分为四个部分，采用多肽固相和液相合成的方法，分别合成了活性多肽绿豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂Lys片段长链16肽、天花粉胰蛋白酶抑制剂、癌胚抗原肽、甜味肽等一系列类似物，并测定了这些类似物的生物活性，有以下新的研究结果：1、furin酶抑制剂的设计、制备和功能；2、芳香氨基酸芳环之间的π-π共轭能部分补偿二硫键的作用；3、癌胚抗原肽Gly4被L-Pro替代可增加与HLA-A2分子的结合；4、肽键对甜味肽保持甜味是必须的。

He was talking about synthetic beings, synthetic robots, for all intents and purposes.

他跟我们谈论的是合成生物、合成机器人，为了所有的意图和目的。

The long specific DNA probes were synthesized by polymerase chain reaction in the highly specific gene sequences of above 10 bacteria. The species-specific probes synthesized were inoculated on a nitrocellulose filter and hybridized with template DNA labeled with long-arm photosensitive biotin. The signal of hybridization reaction was observed to detect which bacteria infected. The sensitivity and specificity of the method were studied.

在这10种病原菌高度特异的基因序列内利用聚合酶链反应合成上述10种细菌特异的长链DNA探针，并将合成的特异探针固定在硝酸纤维素膜上，与用长臂光敏生物素标记后的模板DNA进行斑点杂交反应，通过观察杂交信号判断存在何种细菌感染，同时研究该方法的敏感性和特异性。2。

By comparison, there are many advantages associated with enzymatic approach: the reaction can be carried out under mild conditions, the process is environmentally friendly and high quality product can be achieved.

相对于化学法，生物酶法合成1，3-DAG具有反应条件温和、环境友好、产品质量好等优点，故近年来利用酶法合成1，3-DAG越来越受到关注。

With high efficiency, high selectivity, security and environmental friendship, the biocatalysis possesses significant advantages over chemical catalysis in organic synthesis, especially in the asymmetric synthesis of the enantiomerically pure compounds and in the resolution of racemates.

生物催化的高效性、选择性、安全性以及环境友好等优点，使其在一些化学合成领域，特别是在对映体纯的手性化合物的合成和消旋体拆分等方面，具有化学催化不可比拟的优势。

As one of the most important osmoregulation actor, firstly,Proline plays a keyrole in the osmotic potential adjustment in plant cells. Secondly, Proline can preventNaCl from damaging the structure of biomacromolecule in cells. Thirdly, the highdissolubility and non-rejection capability of Proline can enlarge the solution volumnof the cell, so the concentration of salt will be diminished in cytoplasm and the saltstress will be relieved. Forthly, the accumulation of Proline could prevent thedehydrolysis from sap cavity in cytoplasm. Fifthly, the synthesis of plant chlorophyllwill be diminished under the salt stress, but the Proline can provide request ofchlorophyll synthesis.

脯氨酸作为渗透调节剂对植物体细胞渗透势的变化起重要作用：一，在盐胁迫下，脯氨酸在植物体内是一种重要的渗透调节剂，它是一些高等植物和绿藻抗盐和抗旱的主要渗透剂之一；二，脯氨酸可以保护细胞中的生物大分子的结构，使之不被NaCl破坏，并能维持其完整的水合范围；三，脯氨酸的高度溶解性以及其对植物各种酶活性不抑制性，可以扩大细胞的溶解容积，从而降低细胞质液中盐的浓度，减轻盐的胁迫作用；四，细胞质中积累的大量脯氨酸可以防止液泡对细胞质的脱水作用；五，在盐胁迫下，植物叶绿素的合成受到抑制，叶绿素的合成需要脯氨酸。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。