生物合成

Tumstatin is hydrone protein, the price is of direct biosynthesis is too expensive, which is disadvantage of large scale application in clinic.

肿瘤抑素属于小分子蛋白，直接生物合成造价太高，不利于临床大规模应用。

AIM: To compare the effects and the risks of hypoglycemia of insulin glargine and isophane protamine biosynthetic human insulin (pre-mixed insulin, bid) under the condition of unsuccessful control of the blood glucose with oral hypoglycemic agents.

目的：比较在口服降糖药不能良好控制血糖的情况下，加用甘精胰岛素或精蛋白生物合成人胰岛素治疗的疗效和低血糖的风险。

The progress of the study on the sex pheromones in Lasiocampidae in different respects, such as species-specific characteristics of the sex pheromones, its biosynthesis and regulatory mechanism and, its carriers and application in the field were reviewed.

从枯叶蛾科昆虫性信息素所具有的物种特异性、性信息素的生物合成及调控机理和性信息素载体选择及应用现状等方面系统阐述枯叶蛾科昆虫性信息素的研究现状及最新进展。

Laticiferous cells in the bark tissues of rubber tree are the main place where the nature rubber biosynthesis takes place.

天然橡胶的主要来源是巴西橡胶树，而乳管是橡胶生物合成的主要场所。

The results showed that TNF-α effectively inhibited preadipocyte proliferation stimulated by insulin and decreased lipogenesis through inhibiting stimulation of insulin on transcriptional expressions of lipogenic genes such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase α(ACC1), fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c in adipocytes, suggesting that TNF-α is a effective inhibitor of adipogenesis in adipose tissue.

结果表明，TNF-α可有效抑制胰岛素对原代培养大鼠前体脂肪细胞增殖的促进作用，并通过抑制胰岛素对转录因子SREBP-1c和脂肪酸合酶FAS及ACC1基因转录表达的促进作用，减少脂肪酸的生物合成，抑制成熟脂肪细胞的脂肪生成，证明TNF-α是动物脂肪形成的有效抑制因子。

In this paper, we review recent advances on mucilaginous seeds, with emphasis on （1） chemical composition of seed mucilage;（2） morphological characteristics of mucilaginous seed coats and mucilage;（3） biochemical processes in and genetic regulation of differentiation of mucilage-secreting cells, mucilage biosynthesis and mucilage secretion in the seed coat; and （4） ecological significance of seed mucilage.

为此，在广泛查阅相关文献的基础上，该文综合分析了国内外种子粘液的研究进展，并重点探讨了以下几方面问题：（1）种子粘液的化学成分：（2）粘液及粘液种皮的形态特征：（3）粘液细胞分化与粘液生物合成的细胞学及基因调控机制以及粘液的释放方式：（4）种子粘液的生态学意义。

Significant differences in mycelial growth,fresh weight and osmotic sensitivity were observed in sensitive and high resistant isolates.

其主要作用机理是破坏和阻止病菌细胞膜重要组成成分麦角甾醇的生物合成，导致细胞膜不能形成，使病菌死亡。

The Emergence of Oxygenic Photosynthesis Plants carry out one of the most difficult chemical reactions in biology: the oxidation of water to protons, molecular oxygen, and, most importantly, high energy electrons for subsequent use in reductive biosynthesis.

产氧光合作用的出现植物执行生物学上最难的化学反应：氧化水产生质子和分子氧，最重要的是，还产生高能量的电子，随后在还原的生物合成反应中利用。

Our results indicate that biosynthesis of UDP-sugars that are precursors of pectic polymers is important for cotton fiber elongation.

综合分析表明，果胶前体核苷糖的生物合成对棉纤维细伸长非常重要，并且受乙烯信号的调控。

After the cell growth curves was recorded, RPE cells of the 3-5th passages were utilized. 2、Three different siRNA (siRNAl,siRNA2,siRNA3) targeting against human cx43 gene and one negative control siRNA were designed and transfected into cultured human RPE cells via liposome reagent. The most effective siRNA can be determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCRRT-PCR. 3、To the most effective siRNA, after transfected into human RPEs with different concentration, the cellular proliferate activities were messured by MTT colorimetry ; the percentages of RPE in different cell circle phase was assayed by FCM; the changes of phenotypical properities were observed with SCM; the protein expression of cx43 was studied through immunocytochemistry stain and Weston blot; the communication intercellular was calculated with FRAP; and the ability of recovery was assessed by using an in vitro wound healing model.4、The total proteins of siRNA1 and RPE were seperated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and visualized by silver staining. Proteins with significant expression alterations were selected and their peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs were obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flying mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).The PMFs were used to search NCBInr database by Auto MS-Fit software.

实验方法：1、培养原代的人RPE细胞，经过细胞角蛋白、S-100和神经胶质原纤维酸性蛋白免疫细胞化学鉴定后，通过AO/PI染色技术确定培养细胞的存活率，描记其生长曲线，第3-5代用于以下细胞实验2、生物合成针对人cx43基因的三条小干扰RNA和一条阴性RNA通过脂质体转染RPE细胞后，通过RT-PCR的方法确定抑制效率最高的干扰片断3、将该片段以不同浓度通过阳离子脂质体转染培养的人RPE细胞后，采用MTT法观察其对细胞的增殖力的作用；通过流式细胞仪观察其对细胞周期的影响；通过扫描电镜观察其对细胞形态的影响；通过免疫细胞化学和Weston blot观察其对cx43蛋白表达的作用；采用激光共聚焦和荧光淬灭恢复技术观察荧光恢复速率平均百分率，评价其对细胞间通讯功能的影响；通过制作RPE细胞损伤模型，观察其对损伤修复能力的作用4、分离纯化转染siRNA的RPE组和正常对照组RPE细胞的全部蛋白质，应用等电聚焦电泳和SDS-PAGE双向电泳技术，银染显示分离出的蛋白质斑点，经凝胶图像分析软件对两个样本进行胶图分析，寻找差异蛋白点。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。