生物

The material is titanium alligation implant and has good biocompatibility. Till the end of follow-up, blood, immune or tissue reactions were not found. No peplos or cytoplasmic change was seen. Besides, titanium alligation corrosion or abrasion did not appear.

材料与组织的生物相容性反应：术中所用材料均为铁合金体内植入物，与人体组织的生物相容性好，到随访结束时，无血液、免疫、组织等反应，无囊膜形成及细胞质的转变；亦无钛合金腐蚀、磨损等材料反应的发生。

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Habitual organisms in north of East China Sea and alongshore estuarine water areas were measured by different methods mentioned above in order to understand the role of diverse aquatic species composing specific food webs and their control on the flow of matter and energy along the food chain.

建立特定化合物稳定同位素技术测定单分子脂肪酸碳稳定同位素的方法，并选取研究海域内采集的部分生物样品，测定其特征脂肪酸的碳同位素比值，从分子水平构建食物网中主要生物的摄食关系。

The paralytic shellfish poisoning toxicity levels of shellfish from alongshore sea area of the Guangxi province later years, determined with both Mouse Bioassay and HPLC.

通过对近年来广西近岸海域贝类样品的麻痹性贝毒素小白鼠生物法和高效液相色谱法检测结果的分析，表明广西近岸海域多处地区和多种生物含有麻痹性贝毒素；4-5 月及7-11月为两个毒性值的年高峰期；GTX4、GTX5和GTX3毒素成分的检出率较高等。

The biology of land base world is put in the wisdom with terrible move and amaranthine vitality, they are different from the biology on the ground, dark burrow is additional they are had exceed strong vitality, nobody know how to seek this uncharted territory, but this burrow, if do not have companion photograph to follow, you cannot take a risk ahead absolutely.

地底世界的生物存在着可怕的智慧以及不死的生命力，他们不同于地上的生物，阴暗的洞穴另他们拥有超强的生命力，无人知道如何去探寻这片未知的领域，但这个洞穴，若没有同伴相随，你绝对无法向前冒险。

In the world of Osaka's work, the boundaries between the artist and his subjects, male and female, man and other living things, and living things and objects ambiguously dissolve into each other.

在Osaka创作的世界里，艺术家本身与创作物体间、男性与女性间、人类与其他生物间、生物与其他物品间的界线十分模糊，就像是彼此互相融合在一起。

Most of these peptides are amidated at their C-terminals, which is essential for their full activities. The a-amide comes from posttranslational modification that is catalyzed by α-amidase (α-AE or PAM). The amidation reaction is a rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of regulatory peptides.

大部分活性肽的C-端是酰胺化的，而且α-酰胺基为多肽的完全生物活性所必需；α-酰胺基来自多肽的翻译后加工，由α-酰胺化酶催化完成，是酰胺化多肽生物合成途径中的限述步骤。

Biogenic amine is also an important substance and has remarkable resistance of bacterial activity.

生物胺也是一类很重要的生物活性物质，具有显著的抑菌活性。

This paper presents that, based on quality oriented education, we search for the innovation of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry course.

生命科学的发展和生物技术的进步，使化学在生物科学中的重要性越来越突出。

Sea life fills this layer,most of it either celestial or anarchic in nature.

海洋生命充满了这一层面，大多数是天界生物或游离生物。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。