生态种群

The kinetics of degradation of healthy paddyfield ecosystem due to unreasonable fertilization are as follows.(1) The rice growth was interfered and the structure of microbe population was altered through applying excessive nitrogen fertilizer, while the yield of rice was decreased later and the secretion was reduced from rice root, which induced the Eh and the quantities of Bacterium and Actinomycetes declining, and the contents of MBC, MBN, MBP low in the soil. All of that made the capacity of accommodating nutrient weak in microbe ecosystem.

不合理施肥引起的稻田生态系统退化的动力学特征是：(1)重施氮肥首先使水稻植株生长受阻，同时改变土壤微生物种群结构，从而直接使水稻产量降低，稻田土壤生产力受损，并产生一系列不良次级反应：水稻生理活动减弱减少了根系分泌量，同时也降低了土壤Eh，使稻田土壤细菌、放线菌数量降低，MBC、MBN以及MBP含量下降，微生物保肥、供肥能力降低，从而土壤微生物生态系统功能弱化。

Ecological control of sludge bulking is highly important, especially in preventing sludge bulking through ecological relationship such as prey and autoeciousness of microorganisms.

指出丝状菌污泥膨胀的实质是活性污泥微生态系统平衡失调，微生物群落结构与功能发生变化，丝状菌种群代替菌胶团菌群成为优势种；利用微生物种群之间的捕食、寄生等关系控制污泥膨胀的生态学调控方法，是实现控制丝状菌污泥膨胀，保持污泥微生态系统稳定，获得良好污水净化效果的治本之法。

Marine bacteria play a great role in theoccurrence and declination of red-tide based on their population diversity biophysiological andbiochemical character diversity, ecological function diversity and heredity diversity Thus,bacteria-alga relationship has been a hotspot in red-tide research.

海洋细菌由于其本身的种群多样性、生理生化类群多样性、生态功能多样性、遗传特征多样性等特点以及同赤潮藻类错综复杂的生态关系，在赤潮生消过程中有着极其重要的作用，细菌杀藻现象为微生物防治赤潮提供了可能途径，因此菌藻关系已经成为当前赤潮研究的重点和热点。

Basing on the investigation on 5 plots of Broussonetia papyrifera population and main associated species naturally revegetabled in mine spoil Nanjing Mufu Mountains, the niche breath and niche overlap of the main species were studied.

中文摘要：以南京幕府山矿区废弃地自然恢复的植被优势种群为对象，对构树及其伴生树种的生态位宽度和生态位重叠进行了研究。

In recent years it has been exploited to be a famous scenic spot. To avoid vegetation degradation resulting from human activities and strengthen plant protection, Carpinus turczaninowii communities in great valley were selected as our research subject. The species diversity, interspecific association and correlation, niche breadth and niche overlap in these communities were studied using quantitative methods.

为了加强对该地区植被的保护，避免因人为干扰而导致的植被破坏和退化，本文以太行山南段的小叶鹅耳枥群落为研究对象，在分析了群落主要特征的基础上，应用数量生态学方法，分别从群落的物种多样性、优势种群的种间关系和生态位三个方面，客观定量地分析了植物群落的生态关系。

On the basis of multidimensional resource axes,the niches of main tree populations innatural secondarv forest community of eastern mountain area in Northeast China were measured andanalysed,and with PCA technique to the course of niche measurement.

对东北东部山区的天然次生林群落中主要树木种群的生态位在多个资源维度上进行了测度和分析，并将PCA技术运用于生态位的测度过程中。

It revealed: Firstly, the plant community, the major environmental factors illumination degrees, surface temperature, air temperature, day air humidity changes curve and changes in point of curve similar; Secondly, measuring three points mixed lawn-Chinese littleleaf box-Guohuai plant community in the three observation of the ecological effects of the plant community most obviously, its sunshade rates, the average surface temperature 0 cm Service rates, the average surface temperature -5.0 cm Service rates, the average temperature cooling rate, the average humidification effect respectively 36.3%, 34.7%, 18.9%, 6.9%, 13.9%; wood forest plant community occasions, mixed lawn-Chinese littleleaf box plant community smallest.

以校园为例进行实地观测，比较详尽地分析了生物种群组成的多样性对园林生态系统的影响，结果表明：①植物群落内的主要环境因子光照度、地表温度、空气温度、空气湿度的日变化曲线与对照点日变化曲线相似；②3种测点中混合草坪－黄杨－国槐植物群落在3种观测的植物群落中生态效应最明显，它的遮光率、地表0 cm处平均降温率、地表－5.0 cm处平均降温率、气温平均降温率、平均增湿效应分别为36.3%，34.7%，18.9%，6.9%，13.9%；桐树林植物群落次之，混合草坪－黄杨植物群落最小。

Stability is the most important basic feature of the ecological system. Through the study of this stability, it can guide people to make full use of and remold the nature. The research has great theoretical and practical significance for the sustainable development of the ecological environment.

稳定性能够描述生态系统的重要的基本特征，通过对种群稳定性的研究可以更好地指导人们利用自然、改造自然，对保持生态系统的可持续发展有着广泛的理论和现实意义。

The authors observed Blue Sheep population in the Helan Mountain, Ningxia Province in November 1994,between July and Nevember 1995,respectively. It was found that the Blue Sheep preferred to elevation of 1800～2000 m in Helan Mountain.The Blue Sheep foraged primarily in the morning and at dusk.

作者于1994年11月、1995年7～8月和9～10月在宁夏贺兰山对岩羊种群生态进行了初步研究，发现贺兰山岩羊的最适生态分布见于海拔1801～2000 m，岩羊每天有两个活动高峰，分别为早晨和下午。

Using the classic plot survey method （survey area is 7 200 m^2）, niche breath and niche overlap values of ten dominant species were calculated, with layer as one-dimension resource state and abundance as index, in the Pinus kwangtungensis community in Nanling National Nature Reserve of Guangdong.

在广东南岭国家级自然保护区广东松Pinus kwangtungensis群落内，通过典型样地调查（调查面积共7200m^2），以不同林层作为一维资源位，以个体多度作为计测指标，计测了广东松群落中10个优势种群的生态位宽度和生态位重叠值。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。