生态种

The traditional notion of technology innovation regards economical benefits as ultimate objective, which singularized the social functions of technology innovation. As a result, the relationship became estranged between mankind and nature, socio-economic development was out of balance.

生态化技术创新是一种新的技术创新观，在以经济增长为中心的前提下，谋求自然生态、经济效益、社会和谐以及人的全面发展的良性互动与协同共进，与构建和谐社会是内在一致的。

The present ecological greening has actually three types: near-natural greening, de-restoration of man-made vegetating and pollution-resisting ecological greening.

当前流行的生态绿化也存在三种类型－近自然绿化、去人工化植被恢复和抗污染生态绿化。

Groundwater is not only the precious resource, but also one of very important factors of complicated ecosystem.

地下水不仅是一种宝贵的资源，同时也是复杂的生态环境系统中极其重要的生态环境因子之一。

Presently,many models can simulate the variety of soil water in the angel of time and space and it can appraise the transforming volume of the soil water in different period and space according to this information in order to reach the goal of applying the water resource reasonably.

0引言喀斯特地区是一种典型的生态环境脆弱区，由于自然因素和人为因素造成了该区具有土层薄、土壤侵蚀退化严重、地表漏水系数大的特点，生态环境非常恶劣，严重地制约了这里的社会经济的发展。

Based on the measurement of carbon flux by the methods of eddy covariance and static chamber/gas chromatogram, a comparison was made between the two methods in evaluating ecosystem respiration over winter wheat-summer maize double cropland and Kobresia humilis alpine meadow.

基于涡度相关法和静态箱／气相色谱法的碳通量观测数据，对比分析了两种方法在评价禹城冬小麦－夏玉米复种农田生态系统和海北高寒矮嵩草草甸生态系统呼吸中的差异。

The mouse and pest hazard, that frequently happens in the pasturing area of eastern Qinghai with the social change, is a result of ecological deterioration as well as a biohazard due to the worse human activity.

在社会变迁的大背景下，青海牧区频发的鼠虫灾害是生态环境日趋恶化的产物，是由于人类不恰当的活动所造成的生态灾难的一种表现形式。

The ecologicalcharacteristics of community structure, species diversity, its ecological effects on soil health,and eco-system functions of soil water holding capacities, water and soil conservation effectswere studied symmatically in Nverzhai watershed , which was the key experiment anddemonstration spot of the Yangtze River Proctction Fores.

针对长江中下游低山丘陵区土地退化现状和我国现阶段生态工程建设需求，以湘西北武陵山区女儿寨小流域为研究对象，研究了7种典型植被恢复模式的群落结构、生物量分配格局、物种多样性、土壤健康效应等生态学特征及水土保持、水源涵养等生态系统服务功能，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

At a certain range, habitat loss and its spatial structure can benefit the control of the epidemic disease, which indicates the possibility of using human disturbance in habitat as a potential epidemic-control method in conservation.(6) Not only the quantity of habitat loss but also the spatial correlations of patch types caused by nonrandom habitat loss affect the invasion and transmission of disease. More fragmented landscape (high amount of habitat loss, low clustering of lost patches) hinders the parasitic infection, which also indicates that whether the spatial heterogeneity benefits or hinders the invasion is dependent on the considered ecological process.(7) Two components of the spatial heterogeneity (the amount and spatial autocorrelation of the lost habitat) form a trade-off in determining the host-parasite dynamics.(8) Within a certain range of habitat loss, host can counterbalance the positive and negative effects, and shows a rising tendency.(9) The epidemic is more likely to break out in the prey-predator system if only a small amount of habitat loss.(10) A highly aggregated distribution of species is a common behavioral strategy when dealing with habitat loss or other environmental stresses.(11) The parasite-host/prey-predator eco-epidemiological systems have the similar mechanism with the intraguild predation systems, and the predator acts as the intraguild predation, the infected prey acts as intraguild prey, and the susceptible prey acts as shared resource.(12) Species at the highest trophic level are no longer affected the most by habitat loss, which depend not only on the biological mechanism but also on the external environmental disturbances.

随着邻体数目的增加，病毒的感染力度变得更大而且在空间上形成聚集的波形；(5)生境破坏及其空间结构在一定范围内有利于疾病的控制，这暗示人为对生境的干扰可作为疾病控制的一个潜在方法；(6)生境破坏的数量以及不同类型生境的空间分布格局都显著地影响了寄生病毒的入侵和传播，生境破碎化程度越高(高丧失斑块的数量或低聚集程度)，将越有害于病毒的入侵和传播，这暗示了空间异质性是否有益于物种的入侵依赖于所考虑的生态过程；(7)由生境破坏引起的空间异质性的两个组分之间存在负偶联关系trade-off(8在适度的生境破坏范围内，宿主种群能够平衡生境破坏带来的正负两种效应并呈现增长趋势；(9)在捕食-食饵系统中，寄生感染病毒极有可能在生境破坏量较低时爆发；(10)物种在面临生境破坏或者其它环境压力时表现出更高的聚集分布策略；(11)寄生-宿主/食饵-捕食生态传染病系统与共位捕食食物网结构具有相似的生物机制，其中捕食者扮演共位捕食者的角色，已感染食饵作为共位食饵，易感染食饵扮作共同消耗的资源；(12)位于最高营养级水平的种群对生境破坏的响应不一定是最敏感的，这不仅依赖于内在的生物机制同时也依赖于外在的环境干扰。

After analyzing the guiding concept of"car-based"characteristics with wide roads and viaducts in China, the paper proposed to build a healthy and green urban transportation environment with people as a core, to re-shape the"New Humanism"and"New Ecology"of transportation environment, to start from"heart"and return to ecological rationality.3.To solve the problem of urban transportation in China, the paper proposed that we must take China's national reality into consideration fully.

走绿色交通之路体现的是城市交通发展的绿色转向。2、论文认为，以宽马路与高架桥为特征的中国城市交通环境特色体现的是一种&车本位&思想，要创建一个人本化绿色交通环境，必须形塑&新人文&与&新生态&，从&心&出发回归生态理性。3、论文提出，要解决中国的城市交通问题，必须立足&国情&。

So, this thesis has studied a kind of method of complex protection, called the Ecological Reinforced Wire Retaining Wall, to integrate ecosystem restoration into engineering measure based on the late research results, which not only can satisfy vegetation restoration of slope, but also form and stabilize the structure system full of ecological effects.

由此，本文基于以往研究成果，提出了一种将生态效应融入工程防护的复合型护坡方法——生态型加筋网墙技术，它不仅满足坡面的绿化，更是将工程防护技术与植被恢复理论统一结合，以形成稳固而又富于生态景观效应的防护结构体系。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。