生态的

Interactions between fertilizer addition, plants and the soil environment: Implications for soil faunal structure and diversity.

随著研究的深入发展，土壤动物群落生态学研究将不断与农业生态、环境生态、城市生态和恢复生态等应用生态学领域结合。

And the degree of a species niche hypervolume diffuse within the niche space is described with niche diffusion index.

物种的实现生态位中心点到理论生态位中心点的距离称为生态位偏离，而物种在生态位空间扩散程度以生态位扩散指数表示之。

The ecologically compensation of Yunnan is divided into the ethically ecological compensation and the jurally ecological compensation.

本文将云南生态补偿划分为伦理型生态补偿和法制型生态补偿，探讨各类生态补偿的发展策略、步骤、方式和手段。

Accordingly, it is important to study the changes of karstic ecological system and its response to or impact on global change, based on a better understanding of biogeochemical cycling in a whole karstic ecological system.

因此，我们有必要将喀斯特生态系统纳入到更大区域或全球生态系统中进行分析研究，在充分研究认识整个喀斯特生态系统物质生物地球化学循环规律的基础上，进一步研究喀斯特生态系统的全球变化响应或影响机制，为喀斯特生态系统优化调控对策和措施提供科学基础。

Ecological security is defined as the undamaged and unthreatened conditions of living space and ecological environment which support regional sustainable development.

生态安全是指能够维持和保障人类社会可持续发展，同时不损害和威胁生态系统本身健康和完整性的生态系统状态，是人与自然生态环境达到高度和谐状态。

Through this study, the sustainable management hierarchical system of forest ecosystem was established, providing the frame of forest sustainable management which given dominance to the basic hydrology ecosystem processing of mountain forest. At the same time, this research brought forward the "double-cycle" mode maintaining the integrality of Tianshan Mountain forest ecosystem. Within all these studies, on one hand, through the research about the regeneration response to different disturbance types, the scientific measures concerning restoration and rebuilding of fragmentized landscape were supplied. On the other hand, t

建立了森林生态系统可持续经营等级系统，为天山以森林生态系统基本水文生态过程为主导的森林可持续经营提供了框架；提出的天山森林生态系统生态完整性自维持的&双循环&模式为天山森林生态系统的可持续经营奠定理论基础，通过不同干扰方式下天山云杉的更新反应研究，为破碎化森林景观的恢复与重建提供了科学途径，通过对天山云杉分布格局及动态、更新格局、林冠干扰后的系列特征及相应的参数和反映种群生活史的生命表研究，为天山森林生态系统可持续经营景观水平的评价提供了基本参数。

By using Shannon-Wiener index of niche breadth and Pianka index of niche overlap, this paper studied the niche characteristics of main plant species at different succession stages of vegetation in desert areas of north Gulang County, Gansu Province.

利用Shannon—Wiener生态位宽度公式和Pianka生态位重叠公式，计测分析了甘肃省古浪县北部荒漠植被主要植物种在不同植被演替阶段的生态位宽度和生态位重叠。

A space series substituting time series method was adapted and Levins niche breadth index and the Pianka Niche overlap index was applied to calculate the resumption of different age and population niche and niche overlap in spring-autumn grassland enclosed for different years at Zhaosu horse ranch.

采用空间序列代替时间序列的方法，运用Levins生态位宽度指数和Pianka生态位重叠指数，对不同围封恢复年限种群生态位及生态位重叠计算分析。

On the one hand if ecotourist attractions have the scientific plan and effective management, ecotourism will help protect the environment and keep the eco-system stabilize.

然而生态旅游的出现也是一个利弊并存的现象，通过科学合理的规划与有效的管理，开展生态旅游能够保持生态系统的稳定和促进环境的保护，反之开展生态旅游也会造成生态系统的破坏，因此，生态旅游区科学的规划与有效的管理是生态旅游获得成功的关键。

The paper includes the following parts: The first chapter is the introduction, which discusses the background of the title, research actuality, research significance, research methods and the whole research thinking and frame. The second chapter simply reviews the idea of "hard/soft ecotourists" spectrum, combining the characteristics of ecotourism market and the disadvantage situation of the Nature Reserve ecotourism, points out the necessity of the study on ecotounst behavior. The third chapter analyzes the external and internal influence factors of ecotounst behavior, which gives the matting for the after paper. The fourth chapter is the focal point of the thesis, carries on the discussion of the ecotourist behavior characteristic, and takes the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve for example to investigate and study ecotourists.

全文具体包括以下几个方面：第一章引言，对论文的选题背景、国内外的研究状况、研究意义以及研究方法和主要思路做了简要论述；第二章简单回顾了&一般的和严格的生态旅游者&理论体系，结合生态旅游市场的特点及保护区生态旅游的困境，提出对生态旅游者行为调查研究的必要性；第三章分析了生态旅游者行为的内外部影响因素，为后文予以铺垫；第四章是论文的重点，是生态旅游者行为特征的探讨，以黄河口自然保护区为例，对生态旅游者进行调查研究。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！